PMP范围管理--错题整理

1、项目经理正在管理一个先进的计费系统项目。项目经理已经检查了现在的计费系统以及公司项目管理信息系统(PMIS)中的经验教训知识库。项目经理将可能收集更多的系统需求。项目经理下一步应该怎么做？
A project manager is leading in a state-of-the art billing system project.The project manager has checked the existing billing system,as well as the lessons learned repository in the company’s project management information system(PMIS).The project manager would like to gather more system requirements.What should the project manager do next?
A：参考所有的行业最佳实践
Refer to existing industry best practices.
B：咨询任何有经验的内部或外部团队
Consult any experienced internal or external group.
C：与外部主题专家(SME)一起工作
Work with external subject matter experts(SMEs).
D：与内部业务和技术支持资源一起工作
Work with internal business and technical support resources
正确答案：B。A选项不切实际，B选项包含C、D。

7、一家公司正在冒险进入一项新业务，但之前在该市场中没有经验，项目经理应使用什么工具或技术来收集需求？
A company is venturing into a new business but has no previous experience in that market. What tool or technique should the project manager use to collect requirements?
A：原型法
Prototypes
B：专家判断
Expert judgement
C：产品分析
Production analysis
D：制定决策
Decision making
正确答案：A。没经验，没有可用的组织过程资产，使用原型法征求用户意见，收集需求

10、完成一个项目的第一个可交付成果后，一位相关方告知该可交付成果不满足业务需求。 项目经理下一步应该怎么做？
After completion of a project’s first deliverable,a stakeholder advises that it does not fulfill the business requirements.What should the project manager do next?
A：审查工作分解结构(WBS)字典
Review the work breakdown structure(WBS) dictionary.
B：提交一份变更请求，以增加时间修正可交付成果
Submit a change request to add time to fix the deliverable.
C：执行确认范围过程
Perform the Validate Scope process.
D：更新项目管理计划
Update the project management plan.
正确答案：C。项目有了可交付成果，需要进行阶段验收，即确认范围。

11、项目经理正在执行一个涉及不同业务部门的全公司项目。在一次规划会议上，项目经理注意到每个部门的具体需求不能引起其他部门的兴趣，这影响到会议的质量。 若要解决这个问题，项目经理应该怎么做？
A project manager is running a company-wide project involving different business units.During a planning session, the project manager notices that each unit’s specific requirements are of no interest to other units, which affects the quality of the meeting. What should the project manager use to resolve specific this?
A：石川图和需求跟踪矩阵
ishikawa diagram and requirements traceability matrix
B：焦点小组会议和思维导图
Focus groups and mind mapping
C：引导和亲和图
Facilitation and affinity diagram
D：头脑风暴和需求跟踪矩阵
Brainstorming and requirements traceability matrix
正确答案：C。引导与主题研讨会结合使用，把主要相关方召集在一起定义产品需求。研讨会可用于快速定义跨职能需求并协调相关方的需求差异。

12、一个设施改善项目即将完成。客户提供了批准，但注意到一些小缺陷并激活保修程序，客户现在对已移交的设备要求额外批准的范围。项目经理即将开始额外范围的工作。 由于保修程序已生效，项目经理应查阅哪一份计划？
A facility improvement project is near completion. The client provided, but noted some minor defects and activated the warranty. The client now requests additional approved scope to equipment that has already been handed over. The project manager is about to start work on the additional scope. Since the warranty is in effect, what plan should the project manager consult?
A：质量管理计划
Quality management plan.
B：变更管理计划
Change management plan.
C：采购管理计划
Procurement management plan.
D：需求管理计划
Requirement management plan.
正确答案：B。范围变更，查阅变更管理计划。

14、在项目执行期间，团队识别到几个变更请求，其中包括项目成功所需的功能，这些功能未能包含在需求跟踪矩阵中。 若要避免这种情况，项目经理事先应该做什么？
During project execution, the learn identifies several change requests that include functionality needed for project success. These failed to be included the requirements traceability matrix. To avoid this, what should the project manager do beforehand?
A：创建工作分解结构(WBS)
Created a work breakdown structure (WBS)
B：定义范围
defined the scope
C：核实范围
Validated the scope
D：控制范围
Contro11ed the scope
正确答案：B。需求跟踪矩阵未包含相关功能，考察输入输出，需求跟踪矩阵是定义范围的输出。

15、项目经理与相关方一起召开一次引导式研讨会，以收集产品需求并制定需求跟踪矩阵。系统开发人员无法参加该研讨会，但请求一份会议记录以审查和确认输出。看完会议记录后，系统开发人员反馈说列出的功能需求与用户的需求无关。 若要解决这种情况，项目经理应该怎么做？
A project manager facilitate a workshop with stakeholders to gather product requirements and develop a requirements traceability matrix. The system developer was unable to attend the workshop, but requested a copy of the minutes to review and validate the output. The system developer then provides feedback that the listed functional requirements do not make sense when competed against the user requirements. What should the project manager do to address this?
A：建议系统开发人员参与下次审查会议
Advice the system developer to attend the next review meeting.
B：通知系统开发人员与用户一起审查需求
Inform the system developer to review the requirements with users.
C：更新需求跟踪矩阵以包含需求的相关关系
Update the requirements traceability matrix to include the relevant relationships of the requirements.
D：要求系统开发人员提交变更请求
Ask the system developer to submit a change request.
正确答案：C。需求跟踪矩阵是把产品需求从来源连接到能满足需求的可交付成果的表格。

16、一家工程咨询公司的设计师已完成设计开发并发布设计用于生产，在核实可交付成果过程中发现设计标准发生了变化，已生产的可交付成果不符合新标准。 若要避免这个问题，项目经理应该事先实施哪个规划过程？
A designer for an engineering consulting company has completes the design and releases it for production. During the deliverable verification process, it is discovered that the design standard was changed, and that the produced deliverable fails to comply with it. What planning process should the project manager have implemented to avoid this issue?
A：项目整合管理
Project Integration Management
B：控制质量
Control Quality
C：规划范围管理
Plan Scope Management
D：规划质量管理
Plan Quality Management
正确答案：C。核实可交付成果不符合标准，是验收标准发生了变化，验收标准在范围说明书中，所以应规划范围管理。

18、 —家跨国公司的组织单位有大量的产品增强功能待办事项，这些产品增强功能是暂时保留的用户故事。待批准的预算申请在上周获得批准。作为初始程序的一部分，新指派的项目经理应该做什么？
An organization unit of a multinational corporation has a very large backing of product enhancements described as user stories on hol The pending budget was approved last week. What should the newly assigned project manager do as part of initial procedures?
A：记录项目生命周期和方法讨论需求
Document the project life cycle and methodology requirements
B：为所有用户故事制定一份进度计划
Prepare a schedule for all user stories
C：对所有用户故事执行风险评估
Performa a risk assessment of at user stories
D：根据以前相同产品的项目分配资源
Assign resource based on previous projects for the same product
正确答案：A。用户故事通常用于敏捷开发，使用排除法BC为所有的故事没必要，故事是由近到远规划的，也不能按类似项目分配资源。

23、 [单选] 一名工程师正在从事一个设施升级项目。在项目可交付成果目的说明会上，承包商询问了多个工程师无法回答的问题。会议结束后，工程师让承包商根据他们自已对可交付成果的理解提交建议书。若要获得更为明确的可交付成果愿景，项目经理应事先完成哪一项？
An engineer is conducting a facility upgrade project. During a meeting to explain the intent of the deliverable, contractors ask multiple questions that the engineer is unable to answer. At the end of the meeting, the engineer asks the contractors to submit proposals based on their own understanding of the deliverable. What should the project manager have completed to obtain a clearer vision of the deliverable?
A：工作分解结构(WBS)
Work breakdown structure(WBS)
B：项目管理计划
Project management plan
C：项目范围
Project scope
D：项目章程
Project charter
正确答案：C。项目范围尚未确定