着色器执行顺序
顶点着色器—>曲面细分着色器—>几何着色器—>片元着色器
曲面细分着色器细分后的顶点属于重心空间。
曲面细分着色器
应用:海浪、雪地等
与置换贴图结合:只使用法线贴图模型的边缘凹凸感差,使用曲面细分着色器增强模型边缘的凹凸感
输入 | Patch,可以看成是多个顶点的集合,包含每个顶点的属性,可以指定一个Patch包含的顶点数以及自己的属性 |
功能 | 将图元细分(可以是三角形,矩形等) |
输出 | 细分后的顶点 |
工作流程:
●HULL Shader
1.决定细分的数量(设定Tessellation factor以及Inside Tessellationfactor)
2.对输入的Patch参数进行改变(如果需要)
●Tessellation Primitive Generation
进行细分操作
●Domain Shader
对细分后的点进行处理,从重心空间(Barycentric coordinate system)转换到屏幕空间
参数解析:
HULL Shader:
●Tessellation Factor:决定将一条边分成几部分
equal_ Spacing 等分
fractional_ even_ spacing 向上取偶数,最小值是2
fractional odd_ spacing 向上取奇数,最小值是1
●Inner Tessellation Factor:【3等分】将三角形每条边3等分,并通过等分点做边的垂线,交点为新的内部三角形顶点,直到不可再等分。
在使用曲面细分着色器前需要定义shader:
Shader "Unlit/TessShader"
{
Properties
{
_TessellationUniform("TessellationUniform",Range(1,64)) = 1
}
SubShader
{
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" }
LOD 100
Pass
{
CGPROGRAM
//定义2个函数 hull domain
#pragma hull hullProgram
#pragma domain ds
#pragma vertex tessvert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
//引入曲面细分的头文件
#include "Tessellation.cginc"
#pragma target 5.0
struct VertexInput
{
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
};
struct VertexOutput
{
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
};
VertexOutput vert (VertexInput v)
//这个函数应用在domain函数中,用来空间转换的函数
{
VertexOutput o;
o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.uv = v.uv;
o.tangent = v.tangent;
o.normal = v.normal;
return o;
}
//有些硬件不支持曲面细分着色器,定义了该宏就能够在不支持的硬件上不会变粉,也不会报错
#ifdef UNITY_CAN_COMPILE_TESSELLATION
//顶点着色器结构的定义
struct TessVertex{
float4 vertex : INTERNALTESSPOS;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
};
struct OutputPatchConstant {
//不同的图元,该结构会有所不同
//该部分用于Hull Shader里面
//定义了patch的属性
//Tessellation Factor和Inner Tessellation Factor
float edge[3] : SV_TESSFACTOR;
float inside : SV_INSIDETESSFACTOR;
};
TessVertex tessvert (VertexInput v){
//顶点着色器函数
TessVertex o;
o.vertex = v.vertex;
o.normal = v.normal;
o.tangent = v.tangent;
o.uv = v.uv;
return o;
}
float _TessellationUniform;
OutputPatchConstant hsconst (InputPatch<TessVertex,3> patch){
//定义曲面细分的参数
OutputPatchConstant o;
o.edge[0] = _TessellationUniform;
o.edge[1] = _TessellationUniform;
o.edge[2] = _TessellationUniform;
o.inside = _TessellationUniform;
return o;
}
[UNITY_domain("tri")]//确定图元,quad,triangle等
[UNITY_partitioning("fractional_odd")]//拆分edge的规则,equal_spacing,fractional_odd,fractional_even
[UNITY_outputtopology("triangle_cw")]
[UNITY_patchconstantfunc("hsconst")]//一个patch一共有三个点,但是这三个点都共用这个函数
[UNITY_outputcontrolpoints(3)] //不同的图元会对应不同的控制点
TessVertex hullProgram (InputPatch<TessVertex,3> patch,uint id : SV_OutputControlPointID){
//定义hullshaderV函数
return patch[id];
}
[UNITY_domain("tri")]//同样需要定义图元
VertexOutput ds (OutputPatchConstant tessFactors, const OutputPatch<TessVertex,3>patch,float3 bary :SV_DOMAINLOCATION)
//bary:重心坐标
{
VertexInput v;
v.vertex = patch[0].vertex*bary.x + patch[1].vertex*bary.y + patch[2].vertex*bary.z;
v.tangent = patch[0].tangent*bary.x + patch[1].tangent*bary.y + patch[2].tangent*bary.z;
v.normal = patch[0].normal*bary.x + patch[1].normal*bary.y + patch[2].normal*bary.z;
v.uv = patch[0].uv*bary.x + patch[1].uv*bary.y + patch[2].uv*bary.z;
VertexOutput o = vert (v);
return o;
}
#endif
float4 frag (VertexOutput i) : SV_Target
{
return float4(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0);
}
ENDCG
}
}
Fallback "Diffuse"
}
与置换图结合
Shader "Unlit/Tess_Diss_Shader"
{
Properties
{
_MainTex("MainTex",2D) = "white"{}
_DisplacementMap("_DisplacementMap",2D)="gray"{}
_DisplacementStrength("DisplacementStrength",Range(0,1)) = 0
_Smoothness("Smoothness",Range(0,5))=0.5
_TessellationUniform("TessellationUniform",Range(1,64)) = 1
}
SubShader
{
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque"
"LightMode"="ForwardBase"}
LOD 100
Pass
{
CGPROGRAM
//定义2个函数 hull domain
#pragma hull hullProgram
#pragma domain ds
#pragma vertex tessvert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
#include "Lighting.cginc"
//引入曲面细分的头文件
#include "Tessellation.cginc"
#pragma target 5.0
float _TessellationUniform;
sampler2D _MainTex;
float4 _MainTex_ST;
sampler2D _DisplacementMap;
float4 _DisplacementMap_ST;
float _DisplacementStrength;
float _Smoothness;
struct VertexInput
{
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
};
struct VertexOutput
{
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float4 worldPos:TEXCOORD1;
half3 tspace0 :TEXCOORD2;
half3 tspace1 :TEXCOORD3;
half3 tspace2 :TEXCOORD4;
};
VertexOutput vert (VertexInput v)
//这个函数应用在domain函数中,用来空间转换的函数
{
VertexOutput o;
o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.uv,_MainTex);
//Displacement
//由于并不是在Fragnent shader中读取图片,GPU无法获取mipmap信息,因此需要使用tex2Dlod来读取图片,使用第四坐标作为mipmap的level,这里取了0
float Displacement = tex2Dlod(_DisplacementMap,float4(o.uv.xy,0.0,0.0)).g;
Displacement = (Displacement-0.5)*_DisplacementStrength;
v.normal = normalize(v.normal);
v.vertex.xyz += v.normal * Displacement;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex);
//计算切线空间转换矩阵
half3 vNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
half3 vTangent = UnityObjectToWorldDir(v.tangent.xyz);
//compute bitangent from cross product of normal and tangent
half tangentSign = v.tangent.w * unity_WorldTransformParams.w;
half3 vBitangent = cross(vNormal,vTangent)*tangentSign;
//output the tangent space matrix
o.tspace0 = half3(vTangent.x,vBitangent.x,vNormal.x);
o.tspace1 = half3(vTangent.y,vBitangent.y,vNormal.y);
o.tspace2 = half3(vTangent.z,vBitangent.z,vNormal.z);
return o;
}
//有些硬件不支持曲面细分着色器,定义了该宏就能够在不支持的硬件上不会变粉,也不会报错
#ifdef UNITY_CAN_COMPILE_TESSELLATION
//顶点着色器结构的定义
struct TessVertex{
float4 vertex : INTERNALTESSPOS;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
float4 tangent : TANGENT;
float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
};
struct OutputPatchConstant {
//不同的图元,该结构会有所不同
//该部分用于Hull Shader里面
//定义了patch的属性
//Tessellation Factor和Inner Tessellation Factor
float edge[3] : SV_TESSFACTOR;
float inside : SV_INSIDETESSFACTOR;
};
TessVertex tessvert (VertexInput v){
//顶点着色器函数
TessVertex o;
o.vertex = v.vertex;
o.normal = v.normal;
o.tangent = v.tangent;
o.uv = v.uv;
return o;
}
//float _TessellationUniform;
OutputPatchConstant hsconst (InputPatch<TessVertex,3> patch){
//定义曲面细分的参数
OutputPatchConstant o;
o.edge[0] = _TessellationUniform;
o.edge[1] = _TessellationUniform;
o.edge[2] = _TessellationUniform;
o.inside = _TessellationUniform;
return o;
}
[UNITY_domain("tri")]//确定图元,quad,triangle等
[UNITY_partitioning("fractional_odd")]//拆分edge的规则,equal_spacing,fractional_odd,fractional_even
[UNITY_outputtopology("triangle_cw")]
[UNITY_patchconstantfunc("hsconst")]//一个patch一共有三个点,但是这三个点都共用这个函数
[UNITY_outputcontrolpoints(3)] //不同的图元会对应不同的控制点
TessVertex hullProgram (InputPatch<TessVertex,3> patch,uint id : SV_OutputControlPointID){
//定义hullshaderV函数
return patch[id];
}
[UNITY_domain("tri")]//同样需要定义图元
VertexOutput ds (OutputPatchConstant tessFactors, const OutputPatch<TessVertex,3>patch,float3 bary :SV_DOMAINLOCATION)
//bary:重心坐标
{
VertexInput v;
v.vertex = patch[0].vertex*bary.x + patch[1].vertex*bary.y + patch[2].vertex*bary.z;
v.tangent = patch[0].tangent*bary.x + patch[1].tangent*bary.y + patch[2].tangent*bary.z;
v.normal = patch[0].normal*bary.x + patch[1].normal*bary.y + patch[2].normal*bary.z;
v.uv = patch[0].uv*bary.x + patch[1].uv*bary.y + patch[2].uv*bary.z;
VertexOutput o = vert (v);
return o;
}
#endif
float4 frag (VertexOutput i) : SV_Target
{
float3 lightDir =_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz;
float3 tnormal = UnpackNormal (tex2D (_DisplacementMap, i.uv));
half3 worldNormal;
worldNormal.x=dot(i.tspace0,tnormal);
worldNormal.y= dot (i.tspace1, tnormal);
worldNormal.z=dot (i.tspace2, tnormal);
float3 albedo=tex2D (_MainTex, i.uv). rgb;
float3 lightColor = _LightColor0.rgb;
float3 diffuse = albedo * lightColor * DotClamped(lightDir,worldNormal);
float3 viewDir = normalize (_WorldSpaceCameraPos. xyz-i. worldPos. xyz);
float3 halfVector = normalize(lightDir + viewDir);
float3 specular = albedo * pow (DotClamped (halfVector, worldNormal), _Smoothness * 100);
float3 result = specular + diffuse;
return float4(result, 1.0);
return float4(result,1.0);
}
ENDCG
}
}
Fallback "Diffuse"
}
使用顶点片元着色器实现https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIxMzgzMzQxOA==&mid=2247485821&idx=1&sn=b319cd540eee34f8a064270b9cb933e2&chksm=97b18ad8a0c603ce412bab0666aa57f57320bb009cf9af2c0ce76ac14b10fa8bbe77a564436e&scene=178&cur_album_id=1745807625885171715#rd 使用表面着色器实现https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/141021857
几何着色器
应用:几何动画、草地生成(与曲面细分着色器结合,控制草的密度)
输入 | 图元(三角形,矩形,线等),根据图元的不同,shader中会出现对应不同数量的顶点 |
输出 | 同样为图元,一个或多个,需要自己从顶点构建,顺序很重要同时需要定义最大输出的顶点数 |
几何着色器https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_25415095/article/details/111403397
无尽草地https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/29632347
粒子和毛发效果https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36107199/article/details/88579359参考视频