封装的学习

一、类

1、person类

package com.wyq.study;
	//书写父类的类
public class Pers {
	//书写属性
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private char sex;
	//书写共有的取值赋值方法
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getName(){
		return name;
	}
	public void setAge(int age){
		if(age<0||age>100){
			System.out.println("年龄输入有误。。。");
			this.age = 18;
		}else
			this.age = age;
	}
	public int getAge(){
		return age;
	}
	public void setSex(char sex){
		if(sex!= '男' && sex != '女'){
			System.out.println("性别赋值有误。。。");
			this.sex = '妖';
		}else
			this.sex = sex;
	}
	public char getSex(){
		return sex;
	}
	//提供无参构造
	public Pers(){
		
	}
	//提供有参构造
	public Pers(String name,int age,char sex){
		this.name = name;
		this.setAge(age);
		this.setSex(sex);
		System.out.println("这里是有参构造。。。参数分别是："+this.getName()+"\t"+this.getAge()+"\t"+this.getSex());
	}
	//提供普通方法
	public void speak(String language,int time){
		System.out.println(name+"正在讲"+language+"语言演讲，时间是："+time+"点");
	}	
}

2、teacher类

package com.wyq.study;

public class Teacher {//书写类
	//书写属性
	private String name;
	private int teachAge;
	private char sex;
	private String course;
	//书写共有的取值赋值方法
	//name
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getName(){
		return name;
	}
	//teachAge
	public void setTeachAge(int teachAge){
		if(teachAge<0||teachAge>100){
			System.out.println("您输入的年龄有误。。。");
			this.teachAge = 1;
		}else{
			System.out.println("*****************");
			this.teachAge = teachAge;
		}
	}
	public int getTeachAge(){
		return teachAge;
	}
	//sex
	public void setSex(char sex){
		if('男'!=sex||'女'!=sex){
			System.out.println("性别输入有误");
			this.sex ='人';
		}else
			this.sex = sex;
	}
	public char getSex(){
		return sex;
	}
	//course
	public void setCourse(String course){
		System.out.println("程序调用了course方法");
		this.course = course;
	}
	public String getCourse(){
		System.out.println("程序调用course方法完成了。。。");
		return course;
	}
	//提供无参构造
	public Teacher(){
		System.out.println("这里是无参构造");
	}
	//有参构造
	public Teacher(String name,int teachAge,char sex,String course){
		this.name = name;
		this.setTeachAge(teachAge);
		this.setSex(sex);
		this.course = course;
		System.out.println("这里是有参构造"+this.name+"\t"+this.getTeachAge()+"\t"+this.getSex()+"\t"+this.course);
	}
}

3、student类

package com.wyq.study;
	//书写类
public class Studentt {
	//书写属性，属性私有化
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private char sex;
	private char grade;
	//书写共有的取值赋值方法
	//name
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getName(){
		return name;
	}
	//age
	public void setAge(int age){
		//在赋值方法中对值进行合法性验证
		if(age<0||age>100){
			System.out.println("年龄有误。。。");
			this.age = 18;
		}else
			this.age = age;
	}
	public int getAge(){
		return age;
	}
	//sex
	public void setSex(char sex){
		if(sex!='男'||sex!='女'){
			System.out.println("年龄输入有误。。。");
			this.sex = '妖';
		}else
			this.sex = sex;
	}
	public char getSex(){
		return sex;
	}
	//grade 
	public void setGrade(char grade){
		this.grade = grade;
	}
	public char getGrade(){
		return grade;
	}
	//无参构造
	public Studentt(){
		System.out.println("这里是无参构造。。。");
	}
	public Studentt(String name,int age,char sex,char grade){
		this.setName(name);;
		this.setSex(sex);
		this.setAge(age);
		this.setGrade(grade);;
		System.out.println("这里是有参构造"+this.name+"\t"+this.getAge()+"\t"+this.getSex()+"\t"+this.grade);		
	}
}

二、测试

package com.wyq.study;

public class TestTeacher {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//创建对象
		Teacher t = new Teacher("张三",-20,'怪',"计算机");
		//调用teacher类中的成员方法
		System.out.println("输出的结果为："+t.getName()+"\t"+t.getTeachAge()+"\t"+t.getSex()+"\t"+t.getCourse());
		System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
		Studentt st = new Studentt();
		Studentt stt = new Studentt("李四",999,'狗','5');
		System.out.println("输出的结果为："+stt.getName()+"\t"+stt.getAge()+"\t"+stt.getSex()+"\t"+stt.getGrade());		
		//测试人员
		System.out.println("****************");
		Pers pe = new Pers();
		Pers pe1 = new Pers("马六",102,'中');
		pe1.speak("韩语", 3);
		pe.speak("英语", 16);
	}
}

三、总结

1、先写类

2、再写属性

3、再写共有的取值赋值方法：

在公有的取值赋值方法中对值进行合法性验证

4、再写无参构造

5、再写带参构造，在带参构造中对属性进行初始化

6、再写普通方法

7、再进行创建对象，同时调用构造方法，对属性进行了初始化

8、调用方法