运算符
C#运算符种类有:
- 算术运算符:+, -, *, /, %, ++, –
- 关系运算符:==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
- 逻辑运算符:&&, ||, !
- 位运算符:&, |, ^, ~, <<, >>
- 赋值运算符:=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |=
- 其他运算符:sizeof(), typeof(), &, *(指针),?:, is, as
运算符优先级
运算符重载
C#为开发者提供了运算符重载的能力,开发者可以手动修改两个对象运算后的结果,而不是简单的对对象的引用地址做运算。重载运算符是具有特殊名称的函数,是通过关键字 operator 后跟运算符的符号来定义的。与其他函数一样,重载运算符有返回类型和参数列表。
比如,有一个类叫做Line,两个Line的实例化相加后的结果是两个地址相加,毫无作用。通过运算符重载我们就可以使Line对象相加的结果变为两条线的总长度。大致写法如下:
// Box类的对象相加后的结果会返回一个新的Box对象,其长宽高为两个传入参数Box的长宽高相加。
public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c)
{
Box box = new Box();
box.length = b.length + c.length;
box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth;
box.height = b.height + c.height;
return box;
}
运算符重载的实现
using System;
namespace OperatorOvlApplication
{
class Box
{
private double length; // 长度
private double breadth; // 宽度
private double height; // 高度
public double getVolume()
{
return length * breadth * height;
}
public void setLength( double len )
{
length = len;
}
public void setBreadth( double bre )
{
breadth = bre;
}
public void setHeight( double hei )
{
height = hei;
}
// 重载 + 运算符来把两个 Box 对象相加
public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c)
{
Box box = new Box();
box.length = b.length + c.length;
box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth;
box.height = b.height + c.height;
return box;
}
}
class Tester
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Box Box1 = new Box(); // 声明 Box1,类型为 Box
Box Box2 = new Box(); // 声明 Box2,类型为 Box
Box Box3 = new Box(); // 声明 Box3,类型为 Box
double volume = 0.0; // 体积
// Box1 详述
Box1.setLength(6.0);
Box1.setBreadth(7.0);
Box1.setHeight(5.0);
// Box2 详述
Box2.setLength(12.0);
Box2.setBreadth(13.0);
Box2.setHeight(10.0);
// Box1 的体积
volume = Box1.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box1 的体积: {0}", volume);
// Box2 的体积
volume = Box2.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box2 的体积: {0}", volume);
// 把两个对象相加
Box3 = Box1 + Box2;
// Box3 的体积
volume = Box3.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box3 的体积: {0}", volume);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,它会产生下列结果:
Box1 的体积: 210
Box2 的体积: 1560
Box3 的体积: 5400
可重载和不可重载运算符
实例
针对上述讨论,让我们扩展上面的实例,重载更多的运算符:
using System;
namespace OperatorOvlApplication
{
class Box
{
private double length; // 长度
private double breadth; // 宽度
private double height; // 高度
public double getVolume()
{
return length * breadth * height;
}
public void setLength( double len )
{
length = len;
}
public void setBreadth( double bre )
{
breadth = bre;
}
public void setHeight( double hei )
{
height = hei;
}
// 重载 + 运算符来把两个 Box 对象相加
public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c)
{
Box box = new Box();
box.length = b.length + c.length;
box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth;
box.height = b.height + c.height;
return box;
}
public static bool operator == (Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length == rhs.length && lhs.height == rhs.height
&& lhs.breadth == rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator !=(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length != rhs.length || lhs.height != rhs.height
|| lhs.breadth != rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator <(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length < rhs.length && lhs.height
< rhs.height && lhs.breadth < rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator >(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length > rhs.length && lhs.height
> rhs.height && lhs.breadth > rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator <=(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length <= rhs.length && lhs.height
<= rhs.height && lhs.breadth <= rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public static bool operator >=(Box lhs, Box rhs)
{
bool status = false;
if (lhs.length >= rhs.length && lhs.height
>= rhs.height && lhs.breadth >= rhs.breadth)
{
status = true;
}
return status;
}
public override string ToString()
{
return String.Format("({0}, {1}, {2})", length, breadth, height);
}
}
class Tester
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Box Box1 = new Box(); // 声明 Box1,类型为 Box
Box Box2 = new Box(); // 声明 Box2,类型为 Box
Box Box3 = new Box(); // 声明 Box3,类型为 Box
Box Box4 = new Box();
double volume = 0.0; // 体积
// Box1 详述
Box1.setLength(6.0);
Box1.setBreadth(7.0);
Box1.setHeight(5.0);
// Box2 详述
Box2.setLength(12.0);
Box2.setBreadth(13.0);
Box2.setHeight(10.0);
// 使用重载的 ToString() 显示两个盒子
Console.WriteLine("Box1: {0}", Box1.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("Box2: {0}", Box2.ToString());
// Box1 的体积
volume = Box1.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box1 的体积: {0}", volume);
// Box2 的体积
volume = Box2.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box2 的体积: {0}", volume);
// 把两个对象相加
Box3 = Box1 + Box2;
Console.WriteLine("Box3: {0}", Box3.ToString());
// Box3 的体积
volume = Box3.getVolume();
Console.WriteLine("Box3 的体积: {0}", volume);
//comparing the boxes
if (Box1 > Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 大于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不大于 Box2");
if (Box1 < Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 小于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不小于 Box2");
if (Box1 >= Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 大于等于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不大于等于 Box2");
if (Box1 <= Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 小于等于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不小于等于 Box2");
if (Box1 != Box2)
Console.WriteLine("Box1 不等于 Box2");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box1 等于 Box2");
Box4 = Box3;
if (Box3 == Box4)
Console.WriteLine("Box3 等于 Box4");
else
Console.WriteLine("Box3 不等于 Box4");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,它会产生下列结果:
Box1: (6, 7, 5)
Box2: (12, 13, 10)
Box1 的体积: 210
Box2 的体积: 1560
Box3: (18, 20, 15)
Box3 的体积: 5400
Box1 不大于 Box2
Box1 小于 Box2
Box1 不大于等于 Box2
Box1 小于等于 Box2
Box1 不等于 Box2
Box3 等于 Box4
更多内容请查看总目录【Unity】Unity学习笔记目录整理