车辆协同定位review3

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Implementation of CVIS ITS Application in a Driving Simulator Environment

提示：CVIS智能交通系统在驾驶模拟器环境中的应用/2011

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一、Abstract

In order to test an IVIS (In-Vehicle Information System) in a simulated environment aconcept for using CVIS (Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure System) based application in a driving simulator is proposed. The system provides the application, an incident warning application, with position data for the simulated vehicle and data regarding the road network. For the test described here, an existing demonstrator application for a real vehicle was modified to accommodate the needs of the simulator. The core functionality for the application remained the same as for the real life system, while components providing positioning and incident data were changed. This paper describes the technical implementation of the system and outlines some of the experience gained from the test. It also gives a presentation of the importance of testing cooperative systems in a simulated environment.
为了在模拟环境中测试IVIS(车载信息系统)，提出了在驾驶模拟器中使用基于CVIS(合作车辆基础设施系统)的应用的概念。该系统向应用程序(事件警告应用程序)提供模拟车辆的位置数据和关于道路网络的数据。对于这里描述的测试，一个真实车辆的现有演示应用程序被修改以适应模拟器的需要。该应用程序的核心功能与现实生活中的系统相同，但提供定位和事件数据的组件发生了变化。本文描述了系统的技术实现，并概述了从测试中获得的一些经验。它还介绍了在模拟环境中测试协作系统的重要性。
<车路协同的应用扩展，模拟环境和模拟驾驶器中使用ivis和cvis>

二、Introduction

Cooperative systems may give a large variety of benefits ranging from better traffic efficiency and
improving traffic safety to better information services and environmental benefits [3]. Implementation of
such system on a large scale are important for stakeholders like road operators, but providing knowledge
about their effects on drivers on both a small and large scale can be difficult. This paper describes the
technical properties of a system able to address some of the challenges in evaluating cooperative systems.
To create the traffic safety systems of the future, giving the vehicle access to real time data like data from
road side sensors, other vehicles, and even weather forecast, makes it possible to develop new and
innovative solutions that can cope with both current and future traffic safety and efficiency challenges. This
paper mainly focuses on one category of applications, In-Vehicle Information System (IVIS).
合作系统可以带来各种各样的好处，从提高交通效率和改善交通安全到更好的信息服务和环境效益。这种系统的大规模实施对于像道路运营商这样的利益相关者来说是重要的，但是提供关于它们对驾驶员的影响的知识在小规模和大规模上都是困难的。
本文描述了一个系统的技术特性，该系统能够解决合作系统评估中的一些挑战。为了创建未来的交通安全系统，使车辆能够访问实时数据，如来自路边传感器、其他车辆甚至天气预报的数据，这使得开发能够应对当前和未来交通安全和效率挑战的新的创新解决方案成为可能。本文主要关注一类应用，车载信息系统(IVIS)。

The design of IVIS applications must be innovative and easy to use and must not in any way represent a disturbance to the driver. Key factors to achieve this are access to high quality real-time data and an easy-to-use and intuitive user interface.

应用：
In cooperation between the projects Wise Car (Research Council of Norway), ITS Test Beds (EU project) and GOFER (Research Council of Norway) SINTEF together with other partners developed two demonstrator IVIS applications for use in real vehicle. The projects wanted to utilize CVIS (Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure System) technology developed in the EU project with the same name, and had an interest in testing real applications on the CVIS equipped test arena Test Site Norway, located in Trondheim. CVIS is a quite generic system with utilize open standards like OSGi and the Java programming language.
在怀斯汽车(挪威研究委员会)、智能交通系统试验台(欧盟项目)和戈弗(挪威研究委员会)项目之间的合作中，SINTEF与其他合作伙伴一起开发了两个用于实车的IVIS演示应用程序。这些项目希望利用欧盟同名项目中开发的CVIS(合作车辆基础设施系统)技术，并有兴趣在位于特隆赫姆的装备有CVIS的试验场挪威试验场测试实际应用。CVIS是一个非常通用的系统，它使用开放标准，如OSGi和Java编程语言。

The two demonstrator applications where ISA (Intelligent Speed Adaptation), which informs the driver about the current speed limit and gives a warning if the driver is exceeding the speed limit, and Incident and Hazard Warning, that informs the driver about potential dangers in the road system, like wild life on the road and accidents.

这两个演示应用程序是ISA(智能速度适配)，它通知驾驶员当前的速度限制，并在驾驶员超过速度限制时发出警告，以及事件和危险警告，它通知驾驶员道路系统中的潜在危险，如道路上的野生动物和事故。

三.Experience and discussion

Analysis of the generated data has shown that the relatively simple Incident and Hazard Warning
application described here had a promising effect on driver behaviour, with regards to the chosen speed
and the alertness to incidents [8]. Figure 5 shows the system in use in the driving simulator during the
study.
对生成数据的分析表明，这里描述的相对简单的事故和危险警告应用程序在选择速度和对事故的警觉性方面对驾驶员行为有很好的影响[8]。图5显示了研究期间驾驶模拟器中使用的系统。（帮助驾驶员驾驶，提供实时数据等）

Further work

During the implementation of the system described in this paper it became apparent that the system as it is
today can fuse data from both the real world and the simulator. The system can read real data direct from
TRIP, giving the simulated vehicle access to real data about the road network, like for instance:

 Logical road network
 Road attributes
o Speed limits
o Road user class
o Road lane width
o Height restrictions
o Turn restrictions
o One-way roads
 Road incidents
 Weather data

这使得该系统能够在模拟环境中使用真实生活数据，这对于测试不同类型的系统很有意思，例如智能速度适应、生态驾驶助手和动态路线，从而在未来提供了很大的灵活性。

由于模拟器场景数据库中使用的坐标系与现实生活中的坐标系相同，模拟器中的驾驶员可以看到他或她的汽车绘制在由例如谷歌或开放街道地图提供的实际电子地图上，模拟器中的数据例如像其他车辆一样绘制在地图上。

这就是一些有趣的研究所在。通过向IVIS系统提供来自其他模拟车辆的数据，可以测试更高级的合作应用，如碰撞警告、实时数据共享，如经历湿滑路面条件的电潜泵。SINTEF也有一个卡车模拟器，可以测试专业司机的类似应用。

Conclusion

This paper has given a brief overview of the main principles and the architecture concerning a cooperative test system for the SINTEF driving simulator. The system can be built using off the shelf components and most common operating systems. Results from the testing the system was so promising that the system described here was used for a behavioural study on an Incident and Hazard Warning application.
本文概述了SINTEF驾驶模拟器协同测试系统的主要原理和结构。该系统可以使用现成的组件和最常见的操作系统来构建。测试结果表明，该系统非常有前途，因此此处描述的系统被用于事故和危险警告应用的行为研究。
合作系统目前很难在现实生活条件下进行测试，因为**它们解决了可能对驾驶员有害的情况，但最重要的是，系统本身的规模不足以产生可用的结果。**获取这些系统如何影响驾驶的数据对于促进它们的使用仍然很重要。这个系统提供了一个平台来解决一些关于合作系统效果的问题。目前的系统非常灵活，可以扩展到融合模拟和真实来源的数据，从而能够研究更先进的合作概念，如实验室安全环境中的碰撞警告。作为智能交通系统试验台项目的一部分，这通过将数据从模拟器发送到TASC和CODAR观察器来证明。一个类似的系统正计划用于SINTEF的卡车模拟器。该系统主要基于现成的软件和硬件以及SINTEF开发的一些软件。目前安装是基于CVIS项目，但计划扩大系统，也运行安卓系统正在计划中。该系统已经用于行为研究的科学测试。