1、源代码
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv/cv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <time.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include <mmsystem.h>
//跟踪参数
const double MHI_DURATION = 0.5;//最大跟踪时间
const double MAX_TIME_DELTA = 0.5;
const double MIN_TIME_DELTA = 0.05;
const int N = 3;
const int CONTOUR_MAX_AERA = 100;//矩形面积
IplImage **buf = 0;
int last = 0;
int flag;
IplImage *mhi = 0; // MHI: motion history image
CvConnectedComp *cur_comp, min_comp;
CvConnectedComp comp;
CvMemStorage *storage;
CvPoint pt[4];
// img – 输入视频帧
// dst – 检测结果
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
Mat src;
Mat src_gray;
int thresh = 30;
int max_thresh = 255;
void update_mhi(IplImage* img, IplImage* dst, int diff_threshold)
{
double timestamp = clock() / 100.; //获取当前时间
CvSize size = cvSize(img->width, img->height);
int i, idx1, idx2;
IplImage* silh;
IplImage* pyr = cvCreateImage(cvSize((size.width & -2) / 2, (size.height & -2) / 2), 8, 1);
CvMemStorage *stor;
CvSeq *cont;
if (!mhi || mhi->width != size.width || mhi->height != size.height)
{
if (buf == 0)
{
buf = (IplImage**)malloc(N*sizeof(buf[0]));//动态内存分配
memset(buf, 0, N*sizeof(buf[0]));
}
for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
{
cvReleaseImage(&buf[i]);
buf[i] = cvCreateImage(size, IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
cvZero(buf[i]);
}
cvReleaseImage(&mhi);
mhi = cvCreateImage(size, IPL_DEPTH_32F, 1);
cvZero(mhi);
}
cvCvtColor(img, buf[last], CV_BGR2GRAY); //rgb->gray
idx1 = last;
idx2 = (last + 1) % N;
last = idx2;
// 做帧差
silh = buf[idx2];
cvAbsDiff(buf[idx1], buf[idx2], silh); //两帧差异
// 对差图像做二值化
cvThreshold(silh, silh, 30, 255, CV_THRESH_BINARY); //src(x,y)>threshold ,dst(x,y) = max_value; 否则,dst(x,y)=0;
cvUpdateMotionHistory(silh, mhi, timestamp, MHI_DURATION); //更新像素点的运动历史
cvCvtScale(mhi, dst, 255. / MHI_DURATION,
(MHI_DURATION - timestamp)*255. / MHI_DURATION);//timestamp是时间戳;MHI_DURATION,获得的是当前时间
cvCvtScale(mhi, dst, 255. / MHI_DURATION, 0);
// 中值滤波,消除小的噪声
cvSmooth(dst, dst, CV_MEDIAN, 3, 0, 0, 0);
// 向下采样,去掉噪声
cvPyrDown(dst, pyr, 7);
cvDilate(pyr, pyr, 0, 1); // 做膨胀操作,消除目标的不连续空洞
cvPyrUp(pyr, dst, 7);
//
vector<vector<Point> > contours;
vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
Mat canny_output(dst);
// 找到所有轮廓
findContours( canny_output, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_TREE, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0) );
//计算轮廓矩
vector<Moments> mu(contours.size() );
for( int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++ )
{
mu[i] = moments( contours[i], false );
}
//计算轮廓的质心
vector<Point2f> mc( contours.size() );
for( int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++ )
{
mc[i] = Point2d( mu[i].m10/mu[i].m00 , mu[i].m01/mu[i].m00 );
}
// 直接使用CONTOUR中的矩形来画轮廓
int order = 1;
Mat drawing = Mat::zeros( canny_output.size(), CV_8UC3 );
for( int i = 0; i< contours.size(); i++ )
{
Scalar color = Scalar( 255, 0, 0);
double area = mu[i].m00;//面积
Rect ret1 = boundingRect(Mat(contours[i])); //获取目标序列号放置位置
if(area > 50) //剔除小面积轮廓
{
drawContours( drawing, contours, i, color, 2, 8, hierarchy, 0, Point() );
circle( drawing, mc[i], 5, Scalar( 0, 0, 255), -1, 8, 0 );
rectangle(drawing, boundingRect(contours.at(i)), cvScalar(0,255,0));
char tam[100];
sprintf(tam, "(%0.0f,%0.0f)",mc[i].x,mc[i].y);
putText(drawing, tam, Point(mc[i].x, mc[i].y), FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.4, cvScalar(255,0,255),1);
char tam1[100];
sprintf(tam1, "%d",order++);
putText(drawing, tam1, Point(ret1.x+ret1.width, ret1.y+ret1.height), FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.4, cvScalar(0,255,255),1);
}
}
namedWindow( "Contours", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
imshow( "Contours", drawing );
moveWindow("Contours",0,0);
//waitKey(0);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
IplImage* motion = 0;
CvCapture* capture = 0; //视频获取结构
while (1){
//capture = cvCreateCameraCapture(0);//读摄像头视频
capture = cvCreateFileCapture("C:\\Users\\Lijunliang\\Desktop\\0.5X.avi"); //读本地视频文件
if (capture)
{
cvNamedWindow("Motion", 1);
for (;;)
{
SYSTEMTIME sys;//获取当前系统时间
GetLocalTime(&sys);
char* t_y = new char[128];
sprintf(t_y, ("%4.4d-%2.2d-%2.2d %2.2d:%2.2d:%2.2d"),
sys.wYear, sys.wMonth, sys.wDay,
sys.wHour, sys.wMinute, sys.wSecond);
CvFont font;
cvInitFont(&font, CV_FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 0.5, 0.5, 0, 2, 8);
IplImage* image;
if (!cvGrabFrame(capture)) //从摄像头或者视频文件中抓取帧
break;
image = cvRetrieveFrame(capture); //取回由函数cvGrabFrame抓取的图像,返回由函数cvGrabFrame 抓取的图像的指针
if (image)
{
if (!motion)
{
motion = cvCreateImage(cvSize(image->width, image->height), 8, 1);
cvZero(motion);
motion->origin = image->origin; ///* 0 - 顶—左结构, 1 - 底—左结构 (Windows bitmaps 风格) */
}
}
update_mhi(image, motion, 6);
cvPutText(image, t_y, cvPoint(10, 25), &font, CV_RGB(255, 0, 0));
//cvShowImage("Motion", image);
if (cvWaitKey(10) >= 0)
break;
}
cvReleaseCapture(&capture);
//cvDestroyWindow("Motion");
}
}
return 0;
}
注:实验结果为一段视频中六个不同时刻所获取的结果
至此,实验结束,程序效果各个功能都实现得较好。