(13)雅思屠鸭第十三天：小作文攻略

一、关于时态

题目1： The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.

描述日本老年人口比例，在1940到1960年间下降
The figure of Japan declined between 1940 and 1960.

描述它在2030年到2040年区间迅速上升，建议使用表预测的词替代will
The figure of Japan is predicted to rise significantly between 2030 and 2040.
类似be predicted to 还有 will probably, be expected to, be estimated to 等等

描述从1940到2040年间，日本老年人口比例上升，这里时间轴横跨过去和将来，建议使用一般现在时。

题目2： The graph below shows the demand for electricity in England during typical days in winter and summer. The pie chart shows how electricity is used in an average English home.

如果小作文没有给出时间，统一用一般现在时描述即可。比如流程图。

题目3： The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive. The table shows how these causes affected three regions of the world during the 1990s.

这道题有点坑，需要研究题目，上面的pie图需要用一般现在时。但是下面导致地区的原因，需要使用一般过去时。

二、准确描述

很多连描述都说不清楚，更不要提所谓时态。
How to Describe Numbers Correctly！！！

六种句型搞定小作文。

1. 描述对象 is 具体数值
2. 地点 + have + 具体数值
3. 具体数值开头
4. There is + 数据
5. … account for ?% of 100%代表内容
6. … make up ?% of 100%代表内容

第一种句型比较重要，要学会怎么写。

描述对象 is 具体数值

第一步， 题干中有以下这些词，这些词通常是描述对象

consumption
production
GDP
Spending on
Expenditure on
demand
sales
usage
illiteracy rate

若无，根据题干数据特点选择以下三组词之一

The number of… 可数
The amount of… 不可数
The proportion of…

选proportion 作主语时

先找到100%代表的内容放在proportion后，再跟上数据对应的内容，最后读题找到两者的逻辑关系.

小作文所有的内容，都可以在图标中相关的信息找到。

练习：

1. The three pie charts below show the changes in annual spending by a particular UK school in 1981, 1991 and 2001.

该题找到了spending. 第一步搞定。

The spending on teachers’ salaries was 40% in 1981.

A particular UK school has 40% of spending on teachers’ salaries.

40% of school spending was on teachers’ salaries.

there was 40% of the school spending on teachers’ salaries.

Teachers’ salaries accounted for 40% of the total school spending.

Spending on teachers’ salaries make up 40% of the total school spending.

2 The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002.
Consumer spending on food, drinks and tobacco was 32.4% in Turkey.
Consumer in Turkey has 32.4% of spending on food, drinks and tobacco.
32.4% of consumer spending was on food, drinks and tobacco in Turkey.
There was 32.4% of of consumer spending on food, drinks, and tobacco in Turkey.
Food, drinks, and tobacco accounted for 32.14% of consumer spending in Turkey.
Spending on food, drinks, and tobacco made up 32.14% (of consumer spending in Turkey).

备注： 以上的spending可以替换为expenditure

2. The charts below show the results of a questionnaire that asked visitors to the Parkway Hotel how they rated the hotel’s customer service. The same questionnaire was given to 100 guests in the years 2005 and 2010.
   The proportion of customer who rated the hotel’s service as satisfactory was 45% in 2005.
   The hotel had 45% of guests who rated the hotel’s service as satisfactory in 2005.
   45% of the service was rated as satisfactory in 2005.
   There was 45% of the service (which was) rated as satisfactory in 2005.
   不适合
   The service (which was) rated as satisfactory made up 45% (of the total service) in 2005.

三、动态图

句式的应用：

1. 描述对象上升
   The proportion of old people in the USA increases steadily.
2. 国家有一个上升
   The USA has a steady increase in the proportion of old people.
3. 一个上升被发现
   A steady increase can be found in the proportion of old people in the USA.
4. There be +上升
   There is an increase in the proportion of old people in the USA.

变化幅度：significant; enormous; moderate; steady; minimal; marginal; continuous
时间： in the first decade; over the following ten years; in the same 40 years.
持平: stay constant; level out; a period of stability
波动： fluctuate; fluctuation； variation；ups and downs
尽管：in spite of; despite

实战：
The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.

The proportion of old people in Sweden increases steadily.
Sweden has a steady increase in the proportion of old people.
A steady increase can be found in the proportion of old people in the usa.
there is a steady increase in the proportion of old people in the USA.