990-52产品经理:Important Decision-Making Skills That Employers Value 雇主看重的重要决策技能

Important Decision-Making Skills That Employers Value
雇主看重的重要决策技能

Different employers look for different things, of course, but decision-making skills are sought by virtually all companies. That’s because all employees are faced with decisions in the workplace, big and small, every day.
In general, applicants who can demonstrate an ability to identify all the options and compare them in terms of both cost and effectiveness have an advantage over those who can’t.
当然，不同的雇主看重的是不同的东西，但实际上所有的公司都需要决策能力。这是因为所有员工每天都要面对职场上大大小小的决策。
一般来说，那些能够证明自己有能力识别所有的选择，并在成本和效益方面进行比较的申请人比那些不能做到这一点的人更有优势。

What Are Decision-Making Skills? 什么是决策技能？

Whether it’s a question of deciding which candidate to hire, which consultant to use, or what business plan to execute, having the capacity to make the best decision is critical for organizations. Organizational culture and leadership style together determine the process of decision-making in any company.
无论是决定雇佣哪一位候选人，使用哪一位顾问，还是执行什么商业计划，拥有做出最佳决策的能力对组织来说都是至关重要的。组织文化与领导风格共同决定了任何公司的决策过程。

Note
Some companies may use a consensus-based approach, while others depend on a manager or management group to make all major decisions for the company.
注意
些公司可能会使用一种基于共识的方法，而另一些公司则依赖于一个经理或管理小组来为公司做出所有的重大决策。

Many organizations use a mixture of centralized and consensus-based styles. How an individual employee participates in the decision-making process depends on his or her position within the overall structure of the company.
许多组织混合使用集中式和基于共识的风格。员工个人如何参与决策过程取决于他或她在公司整体结构中的地位。

The Decision-Making Process 决策过程

A good way to make the most informed decision is to follow a process that assures you are taking into account all relevant information and considering each of the most probable outcomes. A step-by-step checklist like this is valuable for that purpose:
做出最明智的决定的一个好方法是遵循一个过程，确保你考虑到所有相关信息，并考虑到每一个最可能的结果。像这样的一步一步的检查表是有价值的：
Define the problem, challenge, or opportunity.
Generate an array of possible solutions or responses.
Evaluate the costs and benefits, or pros and cons, associated with each option.
Select a solution or response.
Implement the option chosen.
Assess the impact of the decision and modify the course of action as needed.
You will not always find yourself going through all six steps in an obvious way. You might be responsible for one aspect of the process but not the others, or several steps might be merged, but someone still should be going through each step in one way or another. Skipping steps usually leads to poor outcomes.
定义问题、挑战或机会。
生成一个可能的解决方案或响应的数组。
评估与每个选项相关的成本和收益，或利弊。
选择解决方案或响应。
实现所选的选项。
评估决策的影响，并根据需要修改行动方案。
你不会总是发现自己以一种明显的方式经历了所有六个步骤。您可能只负责流程的一个方面，而不负责其他方面，或者几个步骤可能合并在一起，但仍然需要有人以这样或那样的方式完成每个步骤。跳过步骤通常会导致糟糕的结果。

Note
Remember to develop strategies to ensure that you have not overlooked important information or misunderstood the situation, and be sure to uncover and correct for any biases you may have.
注意
记住制定策略，确保你没有忽略重要的信息或误解情况，并确保发现和纠正任何你可能有的偏见。

Types of Decision-Making Skills 决策技能的类型

Even if you do not yet have management experience, you probably have made decisions in a professional setting. Because decision-making is not always a cut-and-dried process, though, you might not have recognized what you were doing.
These examples provide a sense of what activities from your own work history you can share with potential employers to demonstrate your decision-making skills. Be sure to keep your sharing as relevant to the requirements for the position as possible.
即使你还没有管理经验，你可能已经在专业环境中做过决定。因为决策并不总是一个一成不变的过程，你可能没有意识到你在做什么。
这些例子提供了一种感觉，从你自己的工作经历中，你可以与潜在的雇主分享哪些活动，以证明你的决策能力。确保你的分享尽可能与职位要求相关。

Problem-Solving 问题解决的

Finding the best solution when faced with a problem is of utmost importance, and taking a measured approach will help you get there. Having the ability to problem-solve thoughtfully and logically while incorporating different perspectives is essential. Leaving your emotions at the door also allows you to look at the problem from every angle. Regardless of your field, you will be faced with many problems. Those of us who don’t let this fact overwhelm us will thrive in our chosen careers.
面对问题时，找到最佳的解决方案是最重要的，而采取有分寸的方法将帮助你达到目的。有能力解决问题的思考和逻辑，同时结合不同的观点是必不可少的。把情绪留在门外，也能让你从各个角度看问题。无论你在哪个领域，你都会面临很多问题。我们中那些不让这个事实压倒我们的人将会在我们所选择的职业中茁壮成长。

Active Listening
Benchmark Development
Brainstorming
Causal Analysis
Collaboration
Creative Thinking
Data Analysis
Data Gathering
Discussion
Fact-Finding
Forecasting
Historical Analysis
Mediation
Needs Identification
Prediction
Prioritizing
Process Analysis
Project Implementation
Project Management
Project Planning
Teamwork
Test Development
Time Management
积极倾听
基准开发
头脑风暴
因果分析
合作
创造性思维
数据分析
数据收集
讨论
事实调查
预测
历史分析
调解
需求识别
预言
确定优先顺序
过程分析
项目实施
项目管理
项目计划
团队合作
测试开发
时间管理

Collaborative 协作的

There are going to be times when you will need the input of others to come to a decision. You will need to recognize when decisions need collaboration and then foster team meetings to come to the best decision. Being able to communicate your goals clearly and welcome feedback are central to a collaborative environment.
有时候你需要别人的意见来做决定。你需要认识到什么时候决策需要协作，然后促进团队会议来达成最好的决策。能够清晰地传达您的目标并欢迎反馈是协作环境的核心。

Active Listening
Authenticity
Asking for Feedback
Brainstorming
Clear Communication
Compromising
Embracing Differences
Honest Feedback
Knowledge Sharing
Motivation
Organized
Processing Ideas
Reliable
Setting Expectations
Team-Building Activities
Teamwork
Team Player

积极倾听
真实性
寻求反馈
头脑风暴
清晰的沟通
妥协
拥抱差异
诚实的反馈
知识共享
动机
有组织
加工思路
可靠的
设定期望
团队建设活动
团队合作
有团队精神的人

Emotional Intelligence 情绪智力

Having high emotional intelligence means that you are aware of and in control of your emotionsand that you can express them in a healthy, measured manner. It is important to not let your emotions take over when coming to an informed decision. When you are working with others to come to a decision central to the decision-making process, it’s especially important to control your emotions so you can effectively convey your opinions.
拥有高情商意味着你能意识到并控制自己的情绪，并且能以健康、有分寸的方式表达出来。当你做出明智的决定时，不要让你的情绪控制是很重要的。当你和其他人一起做决定的时候，控制你的情绪是非常重要的，这样你才能有效地表达你的观点。

Active Listening
Collaboration
Empathy
Interpersonal
Motivation
Patience
Self-Awareness
Self-Regulation
Social Skills
积极倾听
合作
共情
人际交往
动机
耐心
自我意识
自律
社交技能

Logical Reasoning 逻辑推理

In order to come to an informed decision, you will need to look at all the facts presented to you. This is where logic comes in. Weighing all the advantages and disadvantages of your actions is at the core of every measured decision. Your emotions will need to take a back seat in order for you to avoid compromising your rational decision-making. For example, if a colleague with whom you have a close working relationship has been accused of harassing another employee, it is imperative that you remove your emotions in order to move forward fairly.
为了来一个明智的决定，你将需要看看所有的事实呈现给你。这就是逻辑的用武之地。权衡你的行动的所有优点和缺点是每一个有分寸的决定的核心。你的情绪将需要退居二线，以避免损害你的理性决策。例如，如果一个与你有密切工作关系的同事被指控骚扰另一名员工，为了公平地向前发展，你必须消除自己的情绪。

Analytical
Conceptual
Consulting
Cost Analysis
Critical Thinking
Curiosity
Data-Driven
Deductive Reasoning
Emotional Regulation
Evidence-Based
Fact-Based
Independent Thinking
Information Gathering
Managing Emotions
Planning
Problem-Solving
Rational
Reflective Learning
Research
Risk Assessment
Scientific Analysis
Self-Awareness
Self-Control
Teamwork
分析型
概念性的
咨询
成本分析
批判性思维
好奇心
数据驱动
演绎推理
情绪调节
循证
基于事实
独立思考
信息收集
管理情绪
规划
解决问题
合理的
反思性学习
研究
风险评估
科学分析
自我意识
自我控制
团队合作

More Decision-Making Skills 更多的决策技能

Conducting Polls
Consensus Building
Creativity
Delegation
Ethics
Flexible
Follow-Through
Identifying Problems
Lateral Thinking
Leadership
Organization
Technological Expertise
Stamina
Strategy
Strong Leadership
Team Management
Time Management
Troubleshooting
Versatile
进行民意测验
建立共识
创造力
代表团
道德准则
灵活的
跟进
识别问题
横向思维
领导
组织
技术专长
耐力
策略
强有力的领导
团队管理
时间管理
发现并修理故障
多才多艺的

Examples of Workplace Decision-Making Skills 职场决策技巧的例子

Identifying a faulty machine as the source of disruptions in the production process.
Facilitating a brainstorming session to generate possible names for a new product.
Polling staff to gauge the impact of extending retail hours.
Conducting a comparative analysis of proposals from three advertising agencies and selecting the best firm to lead a campaign.
Soliciting input from staff members on an issue important to the company’s future.
Surveying customers to evaluate the impact of a change in pricing policy.
Implementing the shutdown of a designated plant with excess manufacturing capacity.
Generating a list of options for a new regional sales territory.
Evaluating the impact of several possible cost-cutting measures.
Comparing the leadership potential of different team members and choosing a project manager.
Researching possible legal or logistical problems associated with a new company policy.
Brainstorming possible themes for a fundraising campaign.
Analyzing data from focus groups to help select packaging for a new product.
Comparing the strengths and weaknesses of three potential vendors for processing payroll.
将故障机器识别为生产过程中断的根源。
促进头脑风暴会议，为新产品提供可能的名称。
投票站工作人员，以评估延长零售时间的影响。
对来自三家广告公司的提案进行比较分析，并选择最佳的公司来领导一项活动。
就一个对公司未来很重要的问题征求员工的意见。
调查客户以评估价格政策变化的影响。
关闭生产能力过剩的指定工厂。
为新的区域销售区域生成选项列表。
评估几种可能的成本削减措施的影响。
比较不同团队成员的领导潜力，选择项目经理。
研究与新公司政策相关的可能的法律或后勤问题。
集体讨论筹款活动的可能主题。
分析来自焦点小组的数据，以帮助选择新产品的包装。
比较三个潜在供应商在处理工资单方面的优缺点。

Remember that the critical skill in decision-making is not learning techniques, but knowing how and when to apply the basic principles and constantly reevaluating and improving your methods. If you or the teams you are a part of consistently achieve good results, then you are making decisions well.
请记住，决策的关键技能不是学习技术，而是知道如何以及何时应用基本原则，并不断重新评估和改进你的方法。如果你或你所在的团队一直取得好的结果，那么你的决策是正确的。