【PMI-PMP®模考二 错题汇总】

选择题 (每题1分,共37道题)

9、 在项目执行过程中,指定供应商的仓库发生火灾,导致无法按计划为项目提供所需产品。为了不影响项目顺利执行,项目经理决定从原定备用供应商那里.采购所需产品。项目经理的做法属于?
During the project execution, in case of fire accident in the warehouse of the designated supplier, making it impossible to provide the required products as per the plan. To avoid affecting the smooth execution of the project, the project manager decides to purchase the required products from the original alternative supplier. What kind of his practice belongs to?

  •  A :执行权变措施 Execute contingency action

  •  B :执行弹回计划 Perform resilience plan

  •  C : 执行应急计划 Execute response plan

  •  D :执行风险转移 Perform risk transfer


 

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P439 章节:11.5 应急计划:要为实施商定的风险应对策略,包括主要策略和备用策略(若必要),制定具体的应对行动。 如果选定的策略并不完全有效,或者发生了已接受的风险,就需要制定应急计划(或弹回计划) 从原定的备用供应商采购,说明有应对措施,属于已知风险的应急计划。

10、 你刚刚被分配到一个处于实施阶段中期的项目任项目经理,你正在确定你将如何控制这个项目,控制这个项目的最佳方法是:
You have just been assigned as project manager in execution phase and you have to determine how you should control the project,the best way is to:

  •  A : 使用综合的沟通方法 Use a combination of communication methods

  •  B :召开项目进度会议 Hold schedule meetings

  •  C :每周参照甘特图 Refer to Gantt chart weekly

  •  D :定期与管理层开会 Meet with management regularly

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P364 章节:10 制定项目相关方沟通策略时,通常应考虑所有可用技术,并从中作出选择;同时也应尊重因文化、实践和个人背景而产生的对沟通语言、媒介、内容和方式的偏好。可以根据需要采用社交媒体和其他先进的电脑技术。多面性方法能够提高与不同年代和文化背景的相关方沟通的效果。 多面性方法能提高与相关方的沟通效果。

13、 为了确定最长的工期路径,项目团队同时考虑了任务的依赖关系和资源制约条件. 项目经理使用的是下列哪一项进度安排方法?
To determine the longest duration path,the project team considers both task dependencies and resource constraints. The project team uses which of the following scheduling methodologies ?

  •  A : 关键链法 Critical chain method

  •  B :关键路径法 Critical path method

  •  C :关键评审技术 Critical evaluation and review technique

  •  D :图形路径法 Graphical path method

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P210 章节:6.5.2.2 关键路径法用于在进度模型中估算项目最短工期,确定逻辑网络路径的进度灵活性大小。关键链法就是考虑了资源约束的关键路径法。

16、 在生产了一些项目可交付成果之后,项目集经理将其中两个项目团队成员转移到优先级更高的项目中,并为你提供替换选项。新的团队成员缺乏担任角色的经验,而你意识到不再可以达到绩效测量基准。你必须采取以下哪些操作?(选择两项)
After some of the project deliverables have been produced, The program manager transfers two of the project team members to a higher priority project & provides you with replacement. The new team members lack the experience to fill in the roles. You realize that performance measurement baseline is no longer attainable. Which of the following actions you will have to take (Choose Two)

  •  A : 提交变更请求以修改项目基准 Submit a Change request to modify project baselines

  •  B : 修订项目团队的分配以适应人员变动 Revise the project team assignments to align with staffing changes

  •  C :更新汲取的经验教训知识库以反映任何新的最佳实践 Update the lessons learned repository to reflect any new best practices

  •  D :调整WBS和WBS词典以反映新的任务 Adjust the WBS and WBS dictionary to reflect new assignments

正确答案:A,B 你的答案:B,C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P112 章节:4.5.3.2 变更请求:通过比较实际情况与计划要求,可能需要提出变更请求,来扩大、调整或缩小项目范围与产品范围,或者提高、调整或降低质量要求和进度或成本基准 提交变更,修定基准,和资源管理计划。

28、 项目经理发现关键路径上一项活动的开始到结束依赖关系遗漏了。项目进度计划已经与客户沟通,若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
The project manager identifies that a finish-to-start dependency for an activity on the critical path is missing. The project schedule was already communicated to the customer. What should the project manager have done to avoid this issue?

  •  A :审查工作分解结构 Reviewed the work breakdown structure

  •  B : 进行进度网络分析 Conducted a schedule network analysis

  •  C :制定风险管理计划 Prepared a risk management plan

  •  D :进行挣值分析 Conducted an earned value analysis

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P209 章节:6.5.2.1 进度网络分析是创建项目进度模型的一种综合技术,它采用了其他几种技术,例如关键路径法、资源优化技术和建模技术。 进度网络图中有各个活动之间依赖关系。

41、 应该使用下列哪一种定量方法来制定项目预算?
What quantitative approach should be used in developing a project budget?

  •  A :帕累托图 Pareto diagrams

  •  B : 参数估算 Parametric judgment estimating

  •  C :专家判断 Expert judgment estimation

  •  D :净值管理 Earned value management

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.3 参数估算是指利用历史数据之间的统计关系和其他变量(如建筑施工中的平方英尺),来进行项目工作的成本估算 参数估算是一种定量估算方法,挣值分析是一种控制成本的工具。所以D不对

43、 你领导着两个独立的团队在同一个项目上工作。可交付成果的性质要求一个团队采用预测法,而另一个团队使用Scrum。由于团队之间的依赖性和Scrum团队输出的可变性质,预测性团队需要用尽可能短的反馈循环来确认他们对Scrum团队活动的理解。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
You are leading two independent teams working on the same project. The nature of the deliverables requires that one team takes a predictive approach, while the other uses Scrum. Due to dependencies between the teams and the variable nature of the outputs from the Scrum team, the predictive team needs to confirm their understanding of the Scrum team's activities with the shortest feedback loop possible. What is your best course of action?

  •  A :将项目回顾纳入项目进度计划 Include a project retrospective into the project schedule

  •  B :要求Scrum团队使用信息发射源 Request that the Scrum team use information radiators

  •  C :结合定期的客户反馈循环的使用 Incorporate the use of periodic customer feedback loops

  •  D : 让预测团队参加每日Scrum会议 Have the predictive team attend the daily scrum meetings

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P54 章节:5.2.4 为每日站会规定时间盒,不超出 15 分钟。团队以某种方式“过一下”看板或任务板,而团队中的任何人都可以主持站会。 每天15分钟的站会能以最短的时间获得一手信息,比信息发射源更及时

51、 项目需要一名熟练的工程师来执行某个特定任务,但由于工作量大,该工程师不能参与这个项目,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project requires a skilled engineer to perform a specific task, but because of the heavy workload, the engineer could not participate in this project. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A :修改进度计划,以适应该资源 Modify the schedule to accommodate this resource

  •  B : 与职能经理谈判该资源的参与 Negotiate with the functional manager about the participation of this resource

  •  C :培训项目团队去执行需要的活动 Train the project team to perform the required activities

  •  D :向发起人请求更多时间去寻找另一名资源执行该任务 Ask the sponsor for more time to find another resource to perform this task

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P332 章节:9.3.3.2 谈判:职能经理,确保项目在要求的时限内获得最佳资源,直到完成职责。 执行组织中的其他项目管理团队。 合理分配稀缺或特殊资源。 外部组织和供应商。提供合适的、稀缺的、特殊的、合格的、经认证的或其他特殊的团队或实物资源。 特别需要注意与外部谈判有关的政策、惯例、流程、指南、法律及其他标准。 获取资源,优先谈判

57、 在项目管理计划获得批准后,项目经理得知该项目的工作环境存在潜在问题,项目经理应该审查哪份文件?
After the project management plan was approved, the project manager learned that there was a potential problem with the projects work environment. Which document should the project manager review?

  •  A : 项目章程 Project charter

  •  B :质量管理计划 Quality management plan

  •  C :相关方参与计划 Stakeholder management plan

  •  D :组织过程资产 Organizational process assets

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.2 假设日志:通常,在项目启动之前编制商业论证时,识别高层级的战略和运营假设条件与制约因素。这些假设条件与制约因素应纳入项目章程。 工作环境的潜在问题属于假设与制约,应该记录在项目章程中

69、 一个将产品的新模型推向市场的项目正在执行中,当竞争对手提起诉讼,声称该产品侵犯了他们的几项专利时。法院站在竞争对手一边,发布了停止令。项目经理首先应该做什么?
A project to bring a new model of a product to market is in execution when a competitor files a lawsuit claiming that the product violates several of their patents. The courts have sided with the competitor and issued a cease and desist order. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A : 寻求终止项目的批准 Seek approval to terminate the project

  •  B :寻求替代性的纠纷解决办法 Resort to alternative dispute resolution

  •  C :因法律原因终止项目 Terminate the project for legal cause

  •  D :根据需要更新商业论证 Update the business case as necessary

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P128 章节:4.7.3.4 如果项目在完工前提前终止,则需要在正式的收尾文件中说明项目终止的原因,并规定正式程序,把该项目的已完成和未完成的可交付成果移交他人。法院已经是最后的纠纷解决方案了,因此要中止项目。

71、 你刚被指派负责某项目,该项目正处于项目计划阶段,风险管理团队负责人向你报告已完成风险识别工作,该负责人对项目存在很多风险表示很担心,为了有效地管理项目风险,项目经理下一步的工作将如何开展?
Recently, you have been assigned to take charge of a project. This project is in the planning phase. The leader of the risk management team reports to you that he has completed risk identification. This leader is very concerned that the project may have a lot of risks. In order to manage the project risks effectively, what should the project manager do next?

  •  A :通过风险分析确定哪些风险最值得管理 To identify which risks are the most worthy of managing by performing risk analysis

  •  B :为已识别的风险编制有效的应对计划 To prepare an effective response plan for identified risks

  •  C : 开展风险分析工作,进一步了解风险 To perform risk analysis, in order to further understand such risks

  •  D :为各项风险指定责任人 To appoint the responsible persons for individual risks

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P419 章节:11.3 实施定性风险分析是通过评估单个项目风险发生的概率和影响以及其他特征,对风险进行优先级排序,从而为后续分析或行动提供基础的过程。 识别完风险后要定性分析

定性风险分析工具:概率影响矩阵  层级图 风险分类 专家判断

定量风险分析工具:模拟:蒙特卡洛分析
                                 敏感性分析:龙卷风图
                                                       决策树分析
                                                        影响图

77、 下一次会议之前,一名关键项目发起人需要知道项目的高层级风险和主要需求。该项目发起人希望让项目相关方参与,确保他们的参与程度,并根据当前环境识别主要制约因素。项目经理首先应该为发起人准备哪一项?
Prior to the next meeting, a critical project’s sponsor needs to know its high-level risks and major requirements. The sponsor wants to involve the stakeholders to ensure their levels of engagement, and to identify the main constraints based on the current environment. What should the project manager prepare first for the sponsor?

  •  A :相关方登记册 Stakeholder register

  •  B :风险分解结构 Risk breakdown structure (RBS)

  •  C :风险管理计划 Risk management plan

  •  D : 相关方参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholders engagement assessment matrix

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P521 章节:13.2.2.5 相关方参与度评估矩阵:不了解型。抵制型。中立型。支持型。领导型。 先了解相关方当前的参与程度,再评估期望的参与度。

82、 在项目执行过程中,项目经理评估客户添加的更多质量检查的请求,由于在初步测试中发现一些缺陷,产品经理对此表示赞同,然而,项目团队却不认为这将有助于实现项目目标,为确保质量,项目经理应该怎么做?
In the execution of the project, the project manager assessed the customer to add more quality inspection requests. The product manager agreed with the defects found in the preliminary tests. However, the project team did not believe that this would help achieve the project objectives. What should the project manager do to ensure quality?

  •  A :修订过程改进计划 Revise the process improvement plan

  •  B :分析工作绩效信息 Analyze the work performance information

  •  C :使用七种基本质量工具 Use seven basic quality tools

  •  D : 更新质量管理计划 Update the quality management plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P286 章节:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划包括(但不限于)以下组成部分:项目采用的质量标准;项目的质量目标;质量角色与职责;需要质量审查的项目可交付成果和过程; 质量检查请求的活动在质量管理计划里。

83、 一名新项目经理与由高级技术人员组成的项目团体工作,在制定项目治理中,新项目经理将有来自高级技术人员的阻力。项目经理下一步该怎么做?
A new project manager works with a project team comprised of senior technical staff. During the establishment of project governance, the new project manager anticipates that there will be resistance from the senior technical staff. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A :为项目团队成员建立角色和职责 Establish roles and responsibilities for the project team members.

  •  B :制定并同意项目人员配备方案 Establish and agree on project staff assignments.

  •  C :制定工作分解结构 Establish a work breakdown structure.

  •  D : 制定并同意团队运行规则 Establish and agree on team operating rules.

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:团队价值观;沟通指南;决策标准和过程;冲突处理过程;会议指南;团队共识。 需要有团队的基本规则,来确定团队的纪律、价值观和一致性。

88、 项目经理正在创建一份文件,正式授权建筑改造项目。装修要求拆除石棉绝缘材料,因为它是一种已知致癌物。这种情况会如何影响目前正在进行的过程?
A project manager is in the process of creating a document that formally authorizes a building renovation project. The renovation requires the removal of asbestos insulation, which is a known carcinogen. How might this situation influence the process currently underway?

  •  A :应急储备需要分配并记录在文件中 A contingency reserve needs to be assigned and recorded in the document

  •  B :该文件需要包括对已识别的风险的详细的风险应对计划 The document needs to include a detailed risk response plan for this identified risk

  •  C : 该文件需要符合任何适用的政府和行业标准 The document needs to incorporate compliance with any applicable government and industry standards

  •  D :移除石棉的详细时间表应包含在文件中 A detailed timeline for the removal of the asbestos should be included in the document

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P78 章节:4.1.1.3 事业环境因素政府或行业标准法律法规要求和制约因素 授权项目的文件指得是项目章程,ABD都不属于启动阶段。

89、 一家制造公司包办了一个项目,开发公司生产线自动化所需的硬件和软件。可交付成果将使用敏捷框架生成。 什么样的策略可能适合获得产品范围的正式接受?(选择两个)
A manufacturing company charters a project to develop the hardware and software needed to automate the company's production line. The deliverables will be produced using an agile framework. What strategies might be appropriate to gain formal acceptance of the product scope? (Choose two)

  •  A : 每当开发出足够的特征以形成一个连贯的集合时,就进行演示 Conduct a demonstration whenever enough features have been developed to form a coherent set

  •  B :一旦整个项目范围按照范围管理计划完成,就要执行确认范围过程 Perform the Validate Scope process once the entire project scope is complete in accordance with the scope management plan

  •  C : 团队是否在每次迭代结束时向产品负责人演示完成的用户故事 Have the team demonstrate the completed user stories to the product owner at the end of each iteration

  •  D :要求产品负责人参加每个冲刺的回顾,以审查和批准完成的产品增量 Ask the product owner to attend each sprint retrospective to review and approve the completed product increment

  •  E :确保在初始项目计划期间,产品范围完全分解到工作包级别 Ensure that the product scope is fully decomposed down to the work package level during initial project planning

正确答案:A,C 你的答案:C,D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:当团队以用户故事的形式完成特定功能时,团队会定期展示工作产品。看过展示后,产品负责人接受或拒绝故事。 评审会议,找PO演示,PO来决定接受或拒绝故事

93、 一个集成硬件和软件的项目正在执行中。硬件需求用详细的WBS定义。然而,软件需求是模糊的,并且经常变更,迫使团队在短反馈循环的情况下逐步开发产品。团队对频繁的变更和它所造成的混乱感到非常沮丧。项目经理应该如何应对?
A project to integrate hardware and software is in execution. The hardware requirements are well-defined with a detailed WBS. The software requirements, however, are vague and frequently change, forcing the team to develop the product incrementally with short feedback loops. The team is very frustrated by the frequency of changes and the chaos that it creates. How should the project manager respond?

  •  A :无视团队的挫折感,并专注于项目目标 Ignore the team's frustration and focus on the project goals

  •  B : 接受团队的挫折感并表现出积极 Absorb the team's frustrations and demonstrate positivity

  •  C :为软件开发建立严格的变更控制过程 Institute a strict change control process for software development

  •  D :消除短反馈循环,来提高灵活性 Eliminate the short feedback loops to allow more flexibility

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用:促进者将帮助每个人各尽所能地思考和工作。促进者鼓励团队参与、理解,并对团队输出共同承担责任。促进者帮助团队创建可接受的解决方案。 在敏捷题目里,看到鼓励、促进、协作,一般都是正确的关键字。

95、 项目经理要求风险经理开展每月的定量风险分析。风险经理应该提交什么?
The project manager asks the risk manager to conduct a monthly quantitative risk analysis. What should the risk manager present?

  •  A : 蒙特卡洛累积图 Monte Carlo cumulative char

  •  B :风险重新评估 Risk reassessment

  •  C :概率和影响矩阵 Probability and impact matrix

  •  D :根据概率和影响等级来识别风险 Identified risks with probability and impact ratings

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P433 章节:11.4.2.5 模拟:在定量风险分析中,使用模型来模拟单个项目风险和其他不确定性来源的综合影响,以评估它们对项目目标的潜在影响。模拟通常采用蒙特卡洛分析。 蒙特卡洛分析是其他定量分析工具的基础

104、 一个项目需要在技术部门之间进行详细信息交流,项目团队位于不同位置。一些团队成员对提议的沟通系统没有经验。项目经理应该使用什么来解决这个问题?
A project requiring detailed information exchanges among technical departments has teams situated in different locations. Some team members are inexperienced with the proposed communication system. What should the project manager use to address this?

  •  A :沟通管理计划 Communications management plan

  •  B :沟通技能 Communication skills

  •  C :项目沟通渠道 Project communication channels

  •  D : 沟通技术 Communication technology

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P340 章节:9.4.2.3 沟通技术:在解决集中办公或虚拟团队的团队建设问题方面,沟通技术至关重要。它有助于为集中办公团队营造一个融洽的环境,促进虚拟团队(尤其是团队成员分散在不同时区的团队)更好地相互理解。 注意区分沟通技术、沟通技能、沟通方法的区别

114、 一个项目分多个阶段执行。项目团队完成了第一阶段的可交付成果。第一阶段的可交付成果已经过完整性确认。目前正在执行下列哪一项项目过程?
A project is executed in multiple phases. The project team completed their first phase of deliverables. The first phase’s deliverables are validated for completeness. Which project process is being performed?

  •  A : 确认范围过程 Validate scope

  •  B :管理质量过程 Perform quality assurance

  •  C :控制范围过程 Control scope

  •  D :控制质量过程 Control Quality

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P163 章节:5.5 确认范围是正式验收已完成的项目可交付成果的过程。本过程的主要作用是,使验收过程具有客观性;同时通过确认每个可交付成果,来提高最终产品、服务或成果获得验收的可能性。 完整性,相当于确认每一个可交付成果。

115、 一位新的开发人员在项目执行过程中加入了一个敏捷团队。在参观工作区域的过程中,Scrum主管简要概述了团队使用的敏捷实践,并将新开发人员介绍给团队成员。在这种情况下,Scrum主管下一步最合逻辑的步骤是什么?
A new developer has joined an agile team in the middle of project execution. During the tour of the work area, the scrum master gives a brief overview of the agile practices used by the team and introduces the new developer to the team members. What would be the next most logical step for the scrum master to take in this situation?

  •  A :召开项目启动会议来介绍新开发人员 Set up a project kick-off meeting to introduce the new developer

  •  B : 让团队成员向新开发人员介绍项目 Let the team members introduce the project to the new developer

  •  C :为新开发人员分配一个易于完成的用户故事 Assign the new developer a user story that can be easily accomplished

  •  D :让新开发人员阅读团队基本规则和过程 Ask the new developer to read the team's ground rules and processes

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P153 章节:术语表 它是一种跨职能团队,其中为实现团队目标团队成员根据需要轮换着发挥领导作用。 自组织团队,让团队成员去讲解。D,基本规则最好非正式会议和他讲。

117、 项目接近完工,团队成员向项目经理报告一个会影响到重要期限的问题,每周状态报告将在第二天发送主要相关方,项目经理下一步该怎么做?
When the project is nearing completion, the team members report to the project manager a problem that will affect the critical period, and the weekly status report will send the key stakeholders the next day, and what should the project manager do next?

  •  A :更新问题日志,通知发起人并使用问题升级流程,向相关方报告可能延迟 Update the problem log, notify the initiator and use the problem escalation process to report possible delays to relevant parties

  •  B :在下一次状态周报告中通知相关方,与他们讨论可能的解决方案,并请求预算和进度延期 Notify stakeholders in the next status week report about possible solutions and request budget and schedule delays

  •  C :核实这个问题是否包含在风险计划中,如不在,则应该将其包含在内,并编制风险减轻计划 Verify that the issue is included in the risk plan and, if not, include it and prepare a risk mitigation plan

  •  D : 更新问题日志,将可以帮助解决问题的所有人员包含在内,并与相关方就此问题进行沟通 Update the issue log, include all people who can help solve the problem, and communicate with relevant parties on this issue

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P96 章节:4.3.3.3 问题日志可以帮助项目经理有效跟进和管理问题,确保它们得到调查和解决。作为本过程的输出,问题日志被首次创建,尽管在项目期间任何时候都可能发生问题。在整个项目生命周期应该随同监控活动更新问题日志。 问题日志可以帮助项目经理跟进和管理问题,确保它们得到调查和解决。

124、 你的公司被一位客户承包来进行一个软件开发项目。项目将使用敏捷方法来交付产品增量。然而,对于客户来说,该项目将是他们第一次体验敏捷。你想要确保客户端获得软件早期和持续交付的全部好处。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
Your company has been contracted by a client for a software development project. The project will use agile methods to deliver product increments. For the client, however, this project will be their first experience with agile. You want to make sure that the client gains the full benefit of early and continuous delivery of software. What is your best course of action?

  •  A :制定变更管理计划来应对不可避免的变更 Develop a change management plan to address the inevitable changes

  •  B :请求客户参与产品测试以加快交付速度 Request the client to take part in product testing to speed up delivery

  •  C : 在项目可交付成果的时间安排上获得与客户的一致 Gain alignment with the client on the timing of project deliverables

  •  D :指导项目团队在单个版本中开发所有功能 Instruct the project team to develop all features in a single release

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:使项目敏捷的一个基本要素是频繁地交付工作产品。一个没有展示或发布的团队,其学习的速度不会快,并且很可能并未采用敏捷技术。团队可能需要额外的引导来保证频繁的交付。 使用项目敏捷的一个基本要素是频繁地交付工作产品。

125、 一名团队成员正在创建工作分解结构(WBS),但不清楚项目的主要目标和制约因素。下列哪一项将帮助团队成员澄清这个问题?
A team member is creating the work breakdown structure (WBS), but the main goals and constraints of the project remain unclear.Which of the following will help team members clarify this issue?

  •  A :会议纪要 Meeting Minutes

  •  B : 项目章程 Project Charter

  •  C :工作说明书(SOW) Statement of Work (SOW)

  •  D :项目管理计划 Project Management Plan

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程是由项目启动者或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息 项目目标在项目章程里。

137、 你所在的公司主要生产方便面。你们的产品一直很受消费者的欢迎,更没有出现任何与食品安全有关的质量问题。但是,最近一个月,你们已经接到三次关于质量问题的消费者投诉,说是在食用方便面之后发生腹泻。被消费者投诉的产品,是一种新型的产品,其中有一种新的调味品。它是通过一条专门的作业线添加的。公司高级管理层任命你领导一个团队来调查所发生的问题。你和你的团队决定使用以下哪一种技术?
The main product line of your company is instant noodles. Your products have been very popular among consumers, no quality issues concerning food safety occurred. But you have received three consumer complaints about quality issues in the last month, claiming diarrhea after eating your instant noodles. The product complained by consumers is a new product type, including a new seasoning. It is added on a dedicated production line. The senior management of the company appoints you as a team leader to look into the issues that occurred. Which of the following techniques do you and your team decide to use?

  •  A :实验设计 Experiment design

  •  B :控制图 Control diagram

  •  C : 流程图 Flow diagram

  •  D :帕累托图 Pareto chart

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 流程图见 8.1.2.5 节。流程图展示了引发缺陷的一系列步骤。 流程图通过展示引发缺陷的步骤来帮助分析问题

发现问题:控制图(七点规则等)、趋势图 
                寻找原因:因果图、流程图 
                分析原因:帕累托图、散点图、直方图、检查表/计数单 
                 收集需求:亲和图

142、 一个优化项目的项目经理认为范围管理计划已完成,他已经制定并准备最终确定工作分解结构(WBS)。一位关键相关方识别到一项他认为被忽视并且应纳入范围的新需求。如果不解决这个问题,项目将失败。项目经理应该做什么?
The project manager of an optimization project believes that the scope management plan has been completed, and he has developed and is preparing to finalize the work breakdown structure (WBS). A key stakeholder identified a new requirement that he believed was ignored and should be included in the scope. If this problem is not resolved, the project will fail. What should the project manager do?

  •  A :咨询变更控制委员会(CCB) Advisory Change Control Board (CCB)

  •  B : 将需求纳入项目中 Incorporate requirements into the project

  •  C :将该问题升级上报给项目发起人决策 Escalate the issue to the project sponsor for decision

  •  D :评估有关时间、成本以及预算的需求 Assess needs regarding time, cost, and budget

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P115 章节:4.6 在基准确定之前,变更无需正式受控于实施整体变更控制过程。 基准还没确定,重要的需求可以直接考虑纳入

145、 已经决定使用瀑布管理项目。然而,由于需求不明确,软件将在短时间内使用Scrum进行开发。在从组织内部获得团队之后,项目经理意识到组织在几个关键领域缺乏技术专长,将需要从供应商获得外部资源。然而,本组织希望保留其对所进行工作的战略酌处权。对于项目经理来说,为了最大限度地与供应商协作,最好的承包技术是什么?
It has been decided that the project will be managed using waterfall. However, due to ambiguous requirements, the software will be developed in short iterations using Scrum. After acquiring a team from within the organization, the project manager realizes that the organization lacks technical expertise in several key areas and will require external resources from a vendor. The organization, however, wants to preserve its strategic discretion on the work performed. What is the best contracting technique for the project manager to use to maximize collaboration with the vendor?

  •  A : 团队扩充 Team augmentation

  •  B :提前取消选项 Early cancellation option

  •  C :固定价格增量 Fixed-price increments

  •  D :时间和材料限制 Not-to-exceed time and materials

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P77-78 章节:6.3 团队扩充大多数协作合同方法是将供应商服务直接嵌入客户组织中。通过资助团队而不是特定范围,可以保留客户自行确定需要完成工作这方面策略的权力。 需要区分项目经理与PMO的角色差异

146、 项目经理注意到有一个部门完成每个项目活动花费的时间都比计划长。到目前为止,这些活动/工作包都不在关键路径上,也没有影响到已经发生的关键链计划编制。项目经理担心关键链会出问题,因为接下来的5个关键路径活动中有4个要由该部门完成。项目经理打了3个电话,最后总算能和部门经理说上话了,项目经理想知道发生了什么。对话进行得很慢,因为两个人说的是不一样的母语,他们试着用法语—共同语言—讲话。为了使谈话更容易,项目经理总是让部门经理再说一遍。部门经理说,他的下属遵照一项公司政策,该政策要求2级测试。谈话中,部门经理还作出一些评论,这让项目经理相信该政策会增加工作量。这已经是该项目经理第4次听到这样的评论了。他该怎么办?
The project manager notices that project activities being completed by one department are all taking slightly longer than planned. To date, none of the Activities/work packages have been on the critical path, nor have they affected the critical chain planning that has occurred. The project manager is bothered by the critical chain problem, since four of the next five critical path activities are being completed by this department. After making three calls, the project manager is finally able to converse with the department manager to determine what is going on. The conversation is slow, because both speak different native languages and they are trying to converse in French, a shared language. To make communication easier, the project manager frequently asks the department manager to repeat back what has been said. The department manager communicates that his staff is following a company policy that requires two levels of testing. During the conversation, the department manager also makes a comment that leads the project manager to believe that the policy may include excessive work. This is the fourth time the project manager has heard such a comment. What is the BEST thing to do?

  •  A :编制更好的沟通管理计划,要求该项目使用一种语言,并安排翻译随时候命 Create a better communications management plan that requires only one language to be the universal language on the project and have translators readily available on a moments notice.

  •  B :联系部门中其他的能更流利的说项目经理母语的成员,来确认部门经理的意见 Contact someone else in the department who speaks the project managers native language better to confirm the department managers opinion.

  •  C :确认接下来的活动是否要重新估算 Find out if the upcoming activities should be re-estimated.

  •  D : 通过不断的改进存在问题的政策,提高执行机构的效率 Work on increasing the effectiveness of the performing organization by recommending continuous improvement of the policy in question.

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P292 章节:8.2.2.2 过程分析可以识别过程改进机会,同时检查在过程期间遇到的问题、制约因素,以及非增值活动。 排除法政策效率低下会导致很多非增值活动,需要进行过程改进。

147、 一旦项目移交给运营团队,项目经理下一步应该做什么?
Once a project is handed over to operation.What should a project manager do next?

  •  A :归档所有项目文件,并向相关方提供访问权限 Archive all project documents,and provide access to stakeholders

  •  B :进行绩效评估,并释放项目资源 Conduct a performance review,and release project resources

  •  C :将经验教训登记册提交给相关方 Submit the lessons learned register to stakeholders

  •  D : 将相关方的反馈加入经验教训库 Incorporate stakeholder feedback into the lessons learned repository

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P121 章节:4.7 收尾流程:已经移交,接下来测量相关方的满意,完成经验教训总结。 测量相关方的满意度。 

收尾工作的四个步骤:验收,移交,总结和释放

156、 项目工期为五个月。项目最初费用拨款总额为30.000美元,目前项目处于第三个月。项目前两个月的总支出为12,500美元。项目完工部分超前于进度符合预算。项目的成本差异是多少?
The duration of a project is five months. The total cost initially allocated was US$30,000. The project is in the third month, The total expenditure in the project for the first two months is us$12,500. The project is ahead of schedule and on budget for work completed. What is the cost variance of the project?

  •  A :大于零 Greater than zero

  •  B :小于零 Less than zero

  •  C : 零 Zero

  •  D :一 One

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当 SPI 小于 1.0 时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当 SPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。 符合预算,说明CV=0

157、 传统管理的项目使用Scrum来开发项目可交付成果。敏捷发布规划要求将最近完成的MVP部署到生产中。然而,质量保证(QA)部门拒绝了MVP,声称部门的政策和程序没有处理中期可交付成果的实施。将问题记录在障碍板上后,项目经理接下来应该做什么?
A traditionally managed project is using Scrum to develop the project deliverables. The agile release plan calls for the recently completed MVP to be deployed into production. However, the quality assurance (QA) department rejects the MVP stating that the department's policies and procedures do not address the implementation of interim deliverables. After recording the issue on the impediment board, what should the project manager do next?

  •  A :提交变更请求以更新质量控制测量结果 Submit a change request to update the quality control measurements

  •  B : 请求项目发起人帮助获得必要的批准 Request the project sponsor's help with obtaining the necessary approvals

  •  C :无视QA部门的意见,并按计划发布MVP Ignore the QA department's opinion and release the MVP as scheduled

  •  D :使项目团队在部署前交付功能完整的产品 Ask the project team to deliver a feature-complete product before deployment

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P74 章节:6.1.2 变革就绪情况:积极明确的管理层支持;变革管理实践,包括沟通和引导;逐个项目应用敏捷实践向团队增量地引入敏捷实践;以及通过采取适用的敏捷技术和实践示范引导。 需要领导明确支持敏捷实践的变革。

160、 在项目执行阶段,项目经理意识到项目相关方一直延迟答复敏感性电子邮件。项目经理应该怎么做?
During a project’s execution phase, the project manager realizes that a stakeholder is consistently late in responding to sensitive emails. What should the project manager do?

  •  A :将其作为一个沟通问题记录在风险登记册中。 Log it in the risk register as a communication issue.

  •  B : 参阅监督沟通过程,获得替代沟通方式。 Refer to the Control Communications process for an alternative form of communication.

  •  C :修订沟通管理计划中使用的沟通渠道。 Revise the communication channel being used in the communications management plan.

  •  D :请求项目发起人解决该项目相关方的问题。 Ask the project sponsor to address the issue with the stakeholder.

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P389 章节:10.3 监督沟通:项目沟通的影响和结果应该接受认真的评估和监督,以确保在正确的时间,通过正确的渠道,将正确的内容(发送方和接收方对其理解一致)传递给正确的受众 相关方延迟回复敏感邮件,说明邮件不是对敏感信息更好的沟通方式。先B再C

162、 在团队会议期间,项目经理不能保持项目团队的注意力,团队成员不断查看电子邮件,并讨论不相关的话题,发生这种问题的原因

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PMI-PBA 商业分析指南 epub 是指由美国项目管理协会(PMI)发布的关于商业分析的指南的电子出版物。这个指南向商业分析师提供了一系列的最佳实践和工具,帮助他们在项目中发挥重要的角色。它提供了详细的步骤和方法,帮助分析师从定义业务需求、规划和管理商业分析活动、收集和分析数据、编写需求文档以及与利益相关者沟通等方面进行有效的商业分析。 通过 PMI-PBA 商业分析指南 epub,商业分析师可以掌握以下几个方面的核心内容: 1. 商业分析框架:指南中介绍了一种实用的商业分析框架,帮助分析师组织和执行商业分析的各个环节。这包括确定业务需求、识别问和机会、进行需求规划和管理、实施需求分析和解决方案评估等。 2. 工具和技术:指南提供了各种商业分析工具和技术的介绍和使用指引,例如SWOT分析、需求优先级评估、流程建、数据建等。这些工具和技术可以协助分析师进行准确和全面的分析,确保项目的成功实施。 3. 利益相关者管理:指南重点强调了利益相关者的重要性,提供了有效的方法来识别、分析和管理利益相关者。这样可以确保利益相关者的需求和期望得到满足,增加项目成功的概率。 4. 总体概念和定义:指南对商业分析的整体概念和定义进行了详细阐述,帮助分析师全面理解商业分析的核心价值和目标。 总而言之,PMI-PBA 商业分析指南 epub 提供了一个综合和系统的框架,帮助商业分析师在项目中做出有力的决策,确保利益相关者的期待得到满足,从而实现项目的成功。

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