PMI-PMP®模考一 二刷错题集


选择题 (每题1分,共24道题)

3、 项目发起人不断要求尽快交付项目。项目经理识别到一个将会让项目延迟一周时间的问题。项目经理应该做什么?
A project sponsor constantly demands that a project is delivered as quickly as possible.The project manager identifies an issue that will delay the project by one week.What should the project manager do?

 A :向整个团队发送包含修订后进度计划和预算的更新状态报告 Send an updated report with a revised schedule and budget to the entire team

 B :在项目管理计划中记录这项延迟,并与发起人沟通该问题 Document the delay in the project management plan,and communicate it to the sponsor

 C : 制定恢复计划以尽量减少影响,并与项目发起人开会讨论该问题 Devise a recovery plan to minimize the impact,and meet with the project sponsor to discuss it

 D :请一位主题专家(SME)亲自与项目发起人讨论该问题 Ask a subject matter expert(SME)to personally discuss the issue with the project sponsor

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正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P110 章节:4.5.2.2 备选方案分析:备选方案分析用于在出现偏差时选择要执行的纠正措施或纠正措施和预防措施的组合。

8、 项目团队由前军事和非军事小组成员组成。没有军事背景的团队成员认为前军事团队成员在他们的项目方法中过于结构化和僵化。前军事成员认为其他团队成员更随意的方式表明他们对该项目不太投入。什么样的工具或技术对项目经理和团队成员进行有效沟通最有用?
A project team is comprised of former military and non-military team members. The team members without a military background view the former military team members as overly structured and rigid in their approach to the project. The former military members view the other team members' more casual approach as an indication that they are less committed to the project. What tool or technique will be the most useful for the project manager and the team members to communicate effectively?

 A :政治意识 Political awareness

 B :团队章程 Team charter

 C :冲突管理 Conflict management

 D : 文化意识 Cultural awareness

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正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P376 章节:10.1.2.6 文化意识:具有文化意识并采取后续行动,能够最小化因项目相关方社区内的文化差异而导致的理解错误和沟通错误。文化意识和文化敏感性有助于项目经理依据相关方和团队成员的文化差异和文化需求对沟通进行规划。 军事背景和非军事背景人员有巨大的文化差异。

16、 项目经理正在制定一个关键项目的资源管理计划,该项目涉及位于不同国家具有不同文化的资源,下列哪一项将帮助项目经理处理这种情况?
The project manager is developing the resources management plan for a key project that involves different culture resources in different countries. Which of the following will help the project manager deal with this situation?

 A :团队建设活动 Team building activities

 B : 事业环境因素 Business environment factors

 C :人际关系技能 Interpersonal skills

 D :虚拟团队 Virtual team

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正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P315 章节:9.1.1.4 事业环境因素 组织文化和结构; · 设施和资源的地理分布; · 现有资源的能力和可用性; · 市场条件。 只有B是规划资源管理的输入或工具。

20、 项目经理注意到一位团队成员在团队会议期间似乎越来越不满。该团队成员没有在关键的工作包上取得进展,这种进展的缺乏现在正在影响关键路径。团队成员认为他们在项目团队中没有扮演正确的角色。项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager notices that one team member seems increasingly unhappy during team meetings. The team member is not making progress on a key work package, and this lack of progress is now impacting the critical path. The team member feels that they are not in the correct role within the project team. What should the project manager do?

 A :让团队成员相信他们的能力,提醒他们被选中是有原因的。 Reassure the team member about their abilities by reminding them that they were chosen for a reason.

 B : 与团队成员会面,基于他们的优势而讨论他们可以如何做出贡献。 Meet with the team member to discuss where they can contribute, based on their strengths.

 C :让团队成员接受有针对性的培训,以获得他们所指定角色所需的技能。 Enroll the team member in targeted training to acquire the needed skills for their assigned role.

 D :安排与团队成员的每周触点,以讨论可能影响他们工作的障碍。 Schedule weekly touchpoints with the team member to discuss barriers that may impact their work.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P346 章节:9.5 管理团队:项目经理应该向团队成员分配富有挑战性的任务,对优秀绩效进行表彰。项目经理应留意团队成员是否有意愿和能力完成工作,然后相应地调整管理和领导力方式。相对那些已展现出能力和有经验的团队成员,技术能力较低的团队成员更需要强化监督。 排除法 A:提醒意义不大;B:帮助其找到角色;C:非技能问题 D:非障碍问题

21、 由于一台设备设计规格中的某一项被忽略了而导致项目延期,而赶制此项需要更长的交货期。为避免这种情况的发生,项目经理在项目规划期间应完成下列哪一项?
A project is delayed because one item in the equipment specification has been ignored. It will require a longer lead time to catch up. To avoid this situation, the project manager should have done which of the following in project planning?

 A :制定应急计划 prepare a contingency plan

 B :选择更为可靠的供应商 select a more reliable supplier

 C : 在识别风险过程上花费更多的努力 spend more efforts on the process of risk identification

 D :确保该项不在关键路径上 ensure that the item is a not on the critical path

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正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P411 章节:11.2.1.1 质量管理计划:质量管理计划可能列出了受不确定性或模糊性影响的一些领域,或者关键假设可能引发风险的一些领域。 为了避免,要选择在更早的一些过程。风险识别不足会导致绩效偏差。

39、 一家咨询公司主张,由于项目经理要求的报告不包含在原始范围内,所以会产生额外费用,项目经理应该怎么做?
A consulting firm claims that because the report required by the project manager is not included in the original scope, additional costs will be incurred. What should the project manager do?

 A :报告发起人并审查项目范围,工作说明书和项目管理计划 Report it to the sponsor and review project scope, statement of work(SOW) and project management plan

 B :接受该主张,然后更新范围,工作说明书和工作分解结构 Accept the claim, and then update the scope, statement of work(SOW)and work breakdown structure (WBS)

 C : 审查采购管理计划,查询合同报告和合同 Review the procurement management plan and query the contract report and contract

 D :与该咨询公司开会,协商需要完成的额外工作,并提出变更请求 Meet with the consulting company to negotiate additional work that needs to be completed and make a change request

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正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P489 章节:12.2.3.2 协议可包括(但不限于): · 采购工作说明书或主要的可交付成果; · 进度计划、里程碑,或进度计划中规定的日期; · 绩效报告; · 定价和支付条款; · 检查、质量和验收标准; 范围有歧义,查看合同中对可交付成果的定义。

47、 项目经理正在制定质量管理计划。为了解决质量相关问题,公司希望在计划-实施-检查-行动(PDCA)周期中使用七个基本质量工具。应将哪个工具包含在内?
A project manager is developing the quality management plan. To solve quality-related problems, the company wants to use the seven basic quality tools in the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle. What tool should be included?

 A :实验设计 Design of experiments

 B :成本效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis

 C :标杆对照 Benchmarking

 D : 因果图 Cause-and-effect diagrams

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正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 因果图:因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”,将问题陈述的原因分解为离散的分支,有助于识别问题的主要原因或根本原因。 寻找根本原因的,就选因果图、石川图、鱼骨图。

53、 项目经理刚刚接受任命去管理一个处于执行阶段中期的项目。该项目的项目人员流动率很高。项目经理首先应该做什么?
The project manager has just been assigned to manage a project in the middle of the execution phrase. The project has had a high turnover rate of project resources. What should the project manager do FIRST?

 A : 组织一个团队建设活动,改进团队士气。 Organize a team-building event to improve team morale.

 B :与项目发起人沟通,以获得保证项目人员的承诺。 Talk to the project sponsor to get commitment for project resources.

 C :检查人员管理计划 Check the staffing management plan.

 D :将最积极的团队成员调到同一间房间,增强他们作为一个团队的执行能力。 Move the most active team members to the same room to enhance their ability to perform as a team.

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正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P341 章节:9.4.2.4 团队建设:团队建设是通过举办各种活动,强化团队的社交关系,打造积极合作的工作环境。 人员流动性高,说明团队属于震荡阶段,需要持续进行建设团队活动。

55、 —家全球性公司正处于部署一项产品的项目中途。然而,该产品的制造商发布了一个新版本。新版本必须安装在任何新部署的产品上,该产品的一个关键部件未在新版本上测试。公司希望在10月31日之前,赶在假日购物季时,在所有门店推出这项新产品。额外的测试会将项目的最终完成日期推迟一个月。项目经理应该怎么做?
A global company is in the midway of deploying a product. However, the product manufacturer has released a new version. The new version must be installed on any newly deployed product.A critical component of the product is not tested on the new version.The Company hopes to launch this new product in all stores before the holiday shopping season arrives by October 31. The additional test will delay the final completion date of the project by one month. What should the project manager do?

 A :暂停部署,直至10月31日之后,并利用这段时间完成必要的测试 To suspend deployment until October 31 and use this period to complete the necessary tests

 B : 向可用资源提交一项变更请求,在新版本中测试并执行 To submit a change request to available resources, test and execute in the new version

 C :更新项目管理计划,包含测试,并修订进度计划,在10月31日之前部署大部分产品 To update the project management plan, including testing, and revision of the project schedule, most products should be deployed by October 31

 D :在10月31日之前部署产品,并在部署完之后完成测试 To deploy the products before October 31 and complete the test after deployment

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 确定要安装新版本了,那就提出正式的变更请求。

59、 一家公司正在建设一栋新建筑,该建筑与两年前建造的另一栋建筑具有相同特点,项目发起人需要审查新项目的现金流,以避免上一个项目发生的问题。 项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
A company is constructing a new building which has the same characteristics as another building constructed two years ago. The project sponsor needs to examine the cash flow of new project to avoid the issues that occured in the previous project. What should the project manager do next?

 A :审查上一份项目章程 To examine the previous project charter

 B : 检查上一个项目的经验教训 To check the lessons learned from the previous project

 C :制定新的商业论证 To work out a new business case

 D :与上一个项目的项目经理沟通 To communicate with the project manager who is in charge of the previous project

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正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P104 章节:4.4.3.1 经验教训登记册:经验教训登记册可以记录遇到的挑战、问题、意识到的风险和机会,或其他适用的内容。 经验教训改善未来绩效,因此参考经验教训,一般不会犯过去的错误。

67、 你正在管理一个项目团队,该团队最新新增来自另一个国家的成员。他们的角色已经被概述为初步的团队章程。然而,你已经注意到团队中相当缺乏对文化差异的接受,这导致了频繁的冲突。 以下哪一种技巧可以在这种情况下帮助你?(选择三个)
You are managing a project team that has recently been expanded by new team members working remotely from another country. Their roles have been outlined to form a preliminary team charter. Nevertheless, you have noticed a considerable lack of acceptance of cultural differences in the team, resulting in frequent conflicts. Which of the following techniques could help you in this situation? (Choose three)

 A : 焦点小组 Focus groups

 B :角色定义 Role definition

 C : 基本规则 Ground rules

 D :能力测试 Ability tests

 E : 会议 Meetings

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正确答案:A,C,E 你的答案:B,C,E

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P336 章节:9.4 建设团队:建设团队是提高工作能力,促进团队成员互动,改善团队整体氛围,以提高项目绩效的 过程。 本过程的主要作用是,改进团队协作、增强人际关系技能、激励员工、减少摩擦以及提升整体项目绩效。 B和D非PMBOK中的正式工具。

71、 一个项目涉及位于全球各地的团队成员,产生了许多不同意见,新项目经理通过成功协助团队协作和问题解决提高生产力。项目经理使用的是什么工具或技术?
A project involves team members from all over the world and has generated many different opinions. The new project manager increases productivity by successfully assisting teamwork and problem solving. What tool or technology should the project manager use?

 A : 冲突管理 Conflict management

 B :沟通模型 Communication model

 C :整体决策技术 Overall decision-making techniques

 D :虚拟团队 Virtual team

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正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P349 章节:9.5.2.1 合作/解决问题: 综合考虑不同的观点和意见,采用合作的态度和开放式对话引导各方达成共识和承诺,这种方法可以带来双赢局面。

87、 工程部门想让项目的目标是吞吐量提高10%。信息技术部门想使投入该项目的资源不多于其拥有的5%。管理层,也是你的领导,想让项目团队减少纳税义务。你能做的最好的事是:
The engineering department wants the project objective to be a 10 percent improvement in throughput. The information technology department wants no more than five percent of its resources to be used on the project. Management, who is also your boss, wants the project team to decrease tax liability. The BEST thing you can do is:

 A :使计划满足所有的目标 put a plan together that meets all the objectives.

 B :让这些人讨论得出一个目标 have these people get together and agree on one objective.

 C : 考虑工程部门和信息技术部门的目标,而为管理层的目标召开进一步的会议 include the engineering and information technology objectives but hold further meetings regarding management's objective.

 D :只考虑管理层的目标 include only management's objective.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P34 章节:1.2.6.4 可测量的项目目标: 关于项目成功的定义和最重要的因素,项目相关方可能有不同的看法。明确记录项目目标并选择可测量的目标是项目成功的关键。 目标一般都要符合SMART原则。

96、 你正在领导一个本应使用敏捷方法管理的项目。然而,每周产品负责人都会与项目团队举行一个长达5小时的待办事项列表细化会议,在会上她将项目范围划分为工作包级别。在三次迭代之后,项目团队的速度比预期的要慢。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
You are leading a project that was supposed to be managed using agile methods. Every week, however, the product owner holds a five-hour backlog refinement meeting with the project team where she presents the project scope broken down to the work package level. After three iterations, the project team's velocity is slower than expected. What is your best course of action?

 A :使产品负责人将范围分解到任务级别,并将任务分配给团队成员 Ask the product owner to decompose the scope down to the task level and assign the tasks to the team members

 B :建议产品负责人每周召开两次5小时的待办事项列表细化会议,以进一步明确范围 Advise the product owner to hold two five-hour backlog refinement meetings per week to gain further clarity on the scope

 C : 通过每周1小时的待办事项列表细化会议,指导产品负责人介绍总体故事概念 Coach the product owner on presenting the overall story concept with one-hour weekly backlog refinement meetings

 D :与团队成员和产品负责人进行团队建设练习,以改善他们之间的沟通 Hold a team-building exercise with the team members and product owner to improve the communication between them

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正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner: · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 指导PO完成他的角色内容。

109、 由设计师、程序员和测试人员组成的项目团队使用看板面板来管理他们的工作流程。在监督项目进度计划时,项目经理审查看板,并注意到由WIP限制引起的测试栏瓶颈。结果,一些程序员被闲置,团队的速度变慢,并且进度基准处于危险之中。对项目经理来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
A project team comprised of designers, programmers, and testers uses a Kanban board to manage their workflow. While monitoring the project schedule, the project manager reviews the board and notices a bottleneck at the testing column caused by the WIP limit. As a result, some of the programmers are idled, the team's velocity is slowed, and the schedule baseline is at risk. What is the best course of action for the project manager?

 A :从看板面板删除所有WIP限制 Remove all of the WIP limits from the Kanban board

 B : 询问是否有空闲程序员可以帮忙测试 Ask if any of the idled programmers can help with testing

 C :降低看板面板上的测试WIP限额 Lower the testing column WIP limit on the Kanban board

 D :提交变更请求以更新进度基准 Submit a change request to update the schedule baseline

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P103 章节:A3.4 看板方法:通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。 使用通才型专家,协助打破测试瓶颈。

111、 经历过一次失败的软件发布后,项目经理希望改进项目质量管理和控制,项目经理应该使用什么工具和方法?
After experiencing a failed software release, the project manager wants to improve project quality management and control. What tools and methods should the project manager use?

 A :风险概率与影响评估 Risk probability and impact assessment

 B :名义小组技术 Nominal group technique

 C :树图 Tree diagram

 D : 核对单 Checklist

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正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P302 章节:8.3.1.7 组织过程资产 核对单:核对单是一种结构化工具,通常列出特定组成部分,用来核实所要求的一系列步骤是否已得到执行或检查需求列表是否已得到满足。 之前经历的失败,把之前失败的经验教训做成核对单以避免后面的失败。

123、 在一个高层管理会议上,定义了组织战略目标。其中一个目标是通过进入本地区内的一个细分市场提高 8%的销售组合。一名项目经理被任命管理这个项目。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
At a senior management meeting, strategic organizational goals are defined. One of the goals is to increase the 8% sales mix by entering a market segment in the local area. A project manager was appointed to manage the project. What should the project manager do next?

 A : 执行成本效益分析。 Implementation cost-benefit analysis

 B :召开焦点小组会议收集市场调研。 Hold focus group meeting to collect market research

 C :执行相关方分析。 Perform related party analysis

 D :查阅组织过程资产。 Review organization process assets

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正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证:经批准的商业论证或类似文件是最常用于制定项目章程的商业文件。商业论证从商业视角描述必要的信息,并且据此决定项目的期望结果是否值得所需投资。 商业论证包括: 商业需求 成本效益分析

130、 项目经理负责安装和调试一个新的生产设施。一条新的生产线已完成调试,且正在进行试生产。若要确保生产线的运行符合技术规范,项目经理应使用什么工具或技术?
A project manager is responsible for installing and commissioning a new production facility. A new line is ready to commission, and a trial production is underway.What tool or technique should the project manager use to ensure that the production line is working according to specifications?

 A :标杆对照 Benchmarking

 B : 控制图 Control chart

 C :检查 Inspection

 D :流程图 Flowchart

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P304 章节:8.3.2.5 控制图:控制图用于确定一个过程是否稳定,或者是否具有可预测的绩效。 控制图可用于监测各种类型的输出变量。虽然控制图最常用来跟踪批量生产中的重复性活动,但也可用来监测成本与进度偏差、产量、范围变更频率或其他管理工作成果,以便帮助确定项目管理过程是否受控。 生产线的运行是一个过程,运用控制图监控整个过程。

135、 以下是为项目计算的:挣值=200,000美元;计划价值=300,000美元;实际成本=210,000美元;项目的状态是什么?
The following is calculated for the project. Earned value=us$200,000 Planned value=us$300,000 Actual cost=us$210,000 What is the status of the project?

 A : 进度落后,超过预算 Behind schedule and over budget

 B :提前进度,超出预算 Ahead of schedule and over budget

 C :进度落后,但不超过预算 Behind schedule and under budget

 D :按计划进行,但超出预算 On schedule and over budget

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正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析:进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当 SPI 小于 1.0 时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当 SPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。

162、 有一部分项目工作从外部资源采购,项目团队制定采购计划,并向多个供应商发出建议邀请书,团队从潜在供应商那里获得关于工作的询问,为向潜在供应商提供响应,项目团队应该怎么做?
A portion of the project work is sourced from external sources, the project team makes the purchase plan and sends out a proposal invitation to multiple vendors, the team obtains inquiries about the work from the potential suppliers, and what the project team should do to provide responses to potential suppliers.

 A :向每一位供应商发送单独回复 Send a separate reply to each supplier

 B :在项目团队中为每一位供应商指定单个联系人 Assign individual contacts to each vendor in the project team

 C :修订建议邀请书,将对所有问题的回复包含在内,并分发给所有供应商 Revised proposal invitation to include responses to all questions and distribute to all suppliers

 D : 召开投标人会议,澄清所有供应商的全部问题 Convene a meeting of bidders to clarify all suppliers' issues

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正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P487 章节:12.2.2.3 投标人会议:投标人会议(又称承包商会议、供应商会议或投标前会议)是在卖方提交建议书之前,在买方和潜在卖方之间召开的会议,其目的是确保所有潜在投标人对采购要求都有清楚且一致的理解,并确保没有任何投标人会得到特别优待。 投标人会议两个作用:确保对采购要求的理解;保证公平。

164、 在项目实施期间,一些团队成员抱怨说他们对项目可交付成果不确定。若要确保项目团队按照项目范围工作,项目经理应该怎么做?
During project implementation, some team members complain that they are unsure about the project’s deliverables. What should the project manager do to ensure that the project team is working according to project scope?

 A :审查执行、负责、咨询和知情(RACI)矩阵。 Review the responsible, accountable, consult, and inform (RACI) matrix.

 B :更新沟通管理计划,澄清期望。 Update the communications management plan to clarify

 C :与团队分享项目章程。 Share the project charter with the team.

 D : 将工作分解结构(WBS)分发给团队。 Distribute the work breakdown structure (WBS) to the team.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P157 章节:5.4 创建WBS:WBS是对项目团队为实现项目目标、创建所需可交付成果而需要实施的全部工作范围的层级分解。WBS 组织并定义了项目的总范围,代表着经批准的当前项目范围说明书中所规定的工作。 WBS规定了所有要做的事情,与范围说明书、WBS词典共同组成了范围基准。

171、 工作分解结构建立后,项目经理通过头脑风暴发启动了识别风险过程。该过程指出了一些潜在风险. 项目经理应该怎么做?
After the work breakdown structure is crested, the project manager starts the Identify Risks Process using the brainstorming technique. During this process, some potential risks are raised. What should the project manager do?

 A :更改项目范围以回避风险 Change the project scope to avoid the risks.

 B :接受风险并将其预期值纳入项目预算 Accept the risks and include their expected value to the project budget.

 C : 确定潜在响应 Define potential responses.

 D :实施变通方案以回避风险 Implement workarounds to avoid the risks.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P417 章节:11.2.3.1 风险登记册:当完成识别风险过程时,风险登记册的内容可能包括(但不限于): · 已识别风险的清单。 · 潜在风险责任人。 · 潜在风险应对措施清单。 识别完风险后,登记潜在的应对措施。

175、 项目经理向项目赞助人通知了一项重大项目超支,赞助人想知道为什么没有在赞助人反馈前较早通知该情况,项目经理本应采取何种措施解决该问题
A project manager advises the project sponsors of a significant project cost overrun. The sponsors want to know why they were not advised earlier of this situation. What should the project manager have done to address this issue prior to the sponsors' feedback?

 A : 制定沟通计划,处理项目利害关系者的需求 Create a communication plan to address the needs of the project stakeholders

 B :邀请项目赞助人参加团队会议进行定期更新 Invite the project sponsors to team meeting for regular updates

 C :将意外支出加入项目预算,从而将超支纳入项目成本 Add contingency to the project budget so overspend is absorbed into project costs

 D :消减项目资源以紧急弥补成本超支 Cut back on project resources to the project to recover cost overrun as a matter of urgency

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正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划 沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通, 以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通

177、 项目经理正在另一个国家执行一个IT外包项目。客户抱怨说远程团队没有达到他们的质量标准。项目经理应该查阅哪一份文件来确认这一点?
A project manager is implementing an IT outsourcing project in another country. Customers complained that the remote team did not meet their quality standards. Which document should the project manager check to confirm this?

 A :外包公司的质量政策 Outsourcing company's quality policy

 B :质量控制测量结果 Quality control measurements

 C :采购工作说明书(SOW) Procurement Statement of Work

 D : 质量管理计划 Quality management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P286 章节:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划: 质量管理计划包括(但不限于)以下组成部分: · 项目采用的质量标准; · 项目的质量目标; · 质量角色与职责; · 需要质量审查的项目可交付成果和过程; 质量标准在质量管理计划里。

选择题 (每题1分,共156道题)

1、 在项目执行阶段,生产经理要求项目经理包含一项已经证明可以显著提高产量的变更,项目经理首先应该做什么?
During a project's execution phase,the production manager asks the project manager to incorporate a change that has been proven to significantly increase output.What should the project manager do first?

 A : 向变更控制委员会(CCB)提交一份变更请求 Submit a change request to the change control board(CCB)

 B :要求生产经理进行成本效益分析 Ask the production manager to conduct a cost-benefit analysis

 C :包含提议的变更 Incorporate the proposed change

 D :更新变更日志 Update the change log

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 审批前,三步骤:提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

2、 根据项目的特点,项目经理建议选择一种敏捷方法,该方法限制团队成员在任何给定时间执行的任务数。此方法还允许团队提高工作过程中问题和瓶颈的可见性。项目经理建议采用以下哪种方法?
Based on the characteristics of the project, the project manager suggests selecting an agile method that limits the number of tasks being worked on by the team members at any given time. This method will also allow the team to increase the visibility of issues and bottlenecks in their work process. Which of the following methods does the project manager suggest?

 A : 看板 Kanban

 B :Scrum Scrum

 C :水晶 Crystal

 D :改善 Kaizen

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P103 章节:A3.4 看板方法:通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。

4、 在获取成功完成项目的活动中,项目团队喜欢互动和交流项目执行的故事,此时项目团队处于什么阶段?
In the event of successful completion of the project, the project team likes to interact and exchange project execution stories. What phase is the project team in?

 A :震荡阶段 Oscillation phase

 B :调整阶段 Adjustment phase

 C :成熟阶段 Performing phase

 D : 规范阶段 Specification phase

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P338 章节:9.4 塔克曼阶梯理论: · 形成阶段 · 震荡阶段 · 规范阶段 · 成熟阶段 · 解散阶段 交流项目执行的故事,属于学习相互信任的阶段,因此属于规范。

5、 一名新项目经理被任命管理一个正在执行的项目。针对这个项目,三天内将召开一次重要的里程碑核实会议。若要确保相应人员受邀参加会议,项目经理应该怎么做?
A new project manager is appointed to an ongoing project for which an important milestone validation meeting will occur in three days. What should the project manager do to ensure that the appropriate people are invited to this meeting?

 A :请求高级管理层提供建议 Ask senior management for recommendations

 B :参照以往里程碑核实会议的与会者 Refer to the attendance at previous milestone validation meetings

 C :与项目团队讨论该问题 Discuss it with the project team

 D : 查看相关方管理计划 Consult the stakeholder management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P522 章节:13.2.3.1 相关方参与计划:是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进相关方有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。相关方参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或相关方参与的特定策略或方法。 相关方的参与策略在相关方参与计划里。

6、 在一个软件开发项目中,开发人员发现一个可以提高速度的新工具。项目经理分析发现这种新工具能够缩短当前开发阶段20%的时间,并节省10%的项目成本。在变更控制委员会批准之后,项目经理修订了项目进度。这属于哪种风险应对类型?
During a software development project, a developer discovers a new tool that could increase development speed. The project manager’s analysis finds implementing the new tool could shorten the current development phase by 20% and save 10% of the project’s cost. After approval from the change control board, the project manager revises the project schedule. What is the type of risk response?

 A : 开拓 Exploit

 B :接受 Accept

 C :增强 Enhance

 D :转移 Transfer

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P444 章节:11.5.2.5 开拓:如果组织想确保把握住高优先级的机会,就可以选择开拓策略。此策略将特定机会的出现概率提高到100%,确保其肯定出现,从而获得与其相关的收益。

7、 一个在瀑布式项目管理方法方面经验丰富的项目团队被分配到一个敏捷项目中。为了使转换更容易,已经决定保留瀑布方法的一些要素。在迭代审查期间,意识到开发团队之间的误解导致了工作的重复。项目经理如何处理这个问题?
A project team that is experienced in the waterfall project management approach has been assigned to their first agile project. To make the transition easier, it has been decided to keep some elements of the waterfall approach in place. During the iteration review, it was realized that a misunderstanding among the development team has led to a duplication of efforts. How might the project manager address this issue?

 A : 在即将到来的迭代回顾中提出该话题 Bring up the topic during the upcoming iteration retrospective

 B :什么都不做,因为团队成员正在从瀑布过渡到敏捷 Do nothing since the team members are transitioning from waterfall to agile

 C :弹回到瀑布项目管理框架 Fallback to a waterfall project management framework going forward

 D :提交变更请求以更新沟通管理计划 Submit a change request to update the communications management plan

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 迭代审查会过后,将发现的问题在后续的回顾总结会提出来。

9、 项目落后于进度。项目团队发现,通过应用一个替代方法,他们可以加快关键路径上的一个项目可交付成果。然而,这将增加项目成本。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project is behind schedule. The project team discovers that, by applying an alternate method, they may be able to expedite a project deliverable on the critical path. However, it will increase the project’s cost. What should the project manager do?

 A :增加额外的项目资源 .Add additional project resources

 B :对所有方法开展预期货币价值分析(EMV) Conduct expected monetary value (EMV) analyses on all methods

 C : 获得替代方法的批准 Obtain approval for the alternate method

 D :将增加的成本更新到项目预算中 Update the project budget with the increased cost

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 审批前,三步骤:提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

10、 项目团队成员因杰出工作和满足项目成本目标而获得奖励,高级经理向项目经理确认谁可以获得奖励,项目经理可以在哪里获得此奖励的定义标准和频率?
The project team members are rewarded for outstanding work and meeting project cost objectives. The senior manager confirms to the project manager who can get the reward. Where can the project manager get the definition criteria and frequency of this award?

 A :责任分配矩阵(RAM) Responsibility assignment Matrix (RAM)

 B :项目管理计划 Project management plan

 C :人员解散计划 Personnel dissolution plan

 D : 资源管理计划 Resources management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.1 资源管理计划:认可计划。将给予团队成员哪些认可和奖励,以及何时给予。 奖励的频率和标准在资源管理计划里。

11、 新任命的项目经理获悉,相关方对已识别的项目问题和风险非常担心,他们对超过一个月时间里没有任何沟通表示不满。新项目经理应该怎么做?
The newly appointed project manager was informed that the stakeholders were very worried about the identified project issues and risks. They were dissatisfied with no communication for more than a month. What should the new project manager do?

 A :实施现有沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Implement the existing communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

 B :更新现有沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划,并立即向相关方提供有关问题和风险 Update the existing communication management plan and stakeholder management plan and immediately provide stakeholders with relevant issues and risks

 C :与相关方开会以确定沟通所需的频率,然后立即向他们提供有关这些问题和风险 Meet with stakeholders to determine the frequency of communication needed, and then immediately provide them with these issues and risks

 D : 与关键相关方开会,然后更新沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Meet with key stakeholders and then update the communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P528 章节:13.3.2.5 会议:会议用于讨论和处理任何与相关方参与有关的问题或关注点。 · 问题解决; · 经验教训和回顾总结; · 项目开工; 管理相关方参与需要尽可能当面与其沟通并达成一致

12、 作为制定进度计划过程的一部分,项目经理使用甘特图创建项目进度计划。三个Scrum团队将开发项目的可交付成果。由于依赖关系,团队将需要通过每周两次的延长的站会来协调他们的工作。项目经理接下来应该做什么?
As part of the Develop Schedule process, the project manager creates the project schedule using a Gantt chart. Three Scrum teams will develop the project deliverables. Due to dependencies, the teams will be required to coordinate their work twice a week using extended standup meetings. What should the project manager do next?

 A :提交将甘特图表切换到燃尽图表的变更请求 Submit a change request to switch the Gantt chart to burndown chart

 B : 在项目进度计划中包含Scrum of Scrums(SoS)会议 Include Scrum of Scrums (SoS) meetings in the project schedule

 C :使进度赶工以消除团队之间的依赖关系 Crash the schedule to eliminate the dependencies between the teams

 D :在项目进度计划中反映团队的实际速度 Reflect the actual velocity of the teams in the project schedule

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P111 章节:A3.10 Scrum of Scrums:是由多个 Scrum 团队而不是一个大型 Scrum 团队所使用的一种技术,每个团队包含三到九名成员来协调其工作。每个团队的代表会与其他团队代表定期召开会议,每日例会,或是一周两次或三次。其目标是确保团队协调工作并清除障碍,以优化所有团队的效率。 有依赖关系的Scrum团队,需要开SoS会议来优化效率。

13、 在当前冲刺期间,产品负责人的可用性受到了其他承诺的限制。在每日站会上,团队成员抱怨他们不能从产品负责人那里得到答案,结果,产品增量的开发被延迟。对于scrum master来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
During the current sprint, the product owner's availability has been limited due to other commitments. At the daily standup, the team members complain that they cannot get answers from the product owner, and, as a result, the development of the product increment is delayed. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

 A :让高级开发人员做出产品决策 Let the senior developers make the product decisions

 B : 代表团队成员联系产品负责人 Contact the product owner on behalf of the team members

 C :在冲刺审查期间提及可用性问题 Mention the availability issue during the sprint review

 D :在冲刺回顾中讨论可用性问题 Discuss the availability issue at the sprint retrospective

*
*
*
*
正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner ·创建待办列表并排序 ·确认工作优先顺序 ·提供反馈 ·指导开发方向 PO的角色必不可少,因此需要与PO讨论让他参加项目。

14、 项目的客户告诉项目经理他已经没钱了,不能再支付该项目。项目经理应该首先做什么?
The customer on a project tells the project manager he has run out of money to pay for the project. What should the project manager do FIRST?

 A :推迟进度中的多数项目工作,以给客户时间去寻找资金 S

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