ROS话题与服务编程:控制小乌龟画圆,并且通过代码订阅小乌龟的实时位置并在终端打印
一.进入工程包,创建小乌龟画圆发送程序
此处为自己的工作空间,工程包
新建画圆程序名为yuan.cpp
touch yuan.cpp
将如下代码写入yuan.cpp中
#include "ros/ros.h"
#include "std_msgs/String.h"
#include<geometry_msgs/Twist.h> //运动速度结构体类型 geometry_msgs::Twist的定义文件
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
ros::init(argc, argv, "vel_ctrl"); //对该节点进行初始化操作
ros::NodeHandle n; //申明一个NodeHandle对象n,并用n生成一个广播对象vel_pub
ros::Publisher vel_pub = n.advertise<geometry_msgs::Twist>("/turtle1/cmd_vel", 10);
ros::Publisher chatter_pub = n.advertise<std_msgs::String>("chatter", 1000);
ros::Rate loop_rate(10);
//vel_pub会在主题"/turtle1/cmd_vel"(机器人速度控制主题)里广播geometry_msgs::Twist类型的数据
//ros::Rate loopRate(2);
ROS_INFO("draw_circle start...");//输出显示信息
while(ros::ok())
{
geometry_msgs::Twist vel_cmd; //声明一个geometry_msgs::Twist 类型的对象vel_cmd,并将速度的值赋值到这个对象里面
vel_cmd.linear.x = 2.0;//前后(+-) m/s
vel_cmd.linear.y = 0.0; //左右(+-) m/s
vel_cmd.linear.z = 0.0;
vel_cmd.angular.x = 0;
vel_cmd.angular.y = 0;
vel_cmd.angular.z = 1.8; //机器人的自转速度,+左转,-右转,单位是rad/s
vel_pub.publish(vel_cmd); //赋值完毕后,发送到主题"/turtle1/cmd_vel"。机器人的核心节点会从这个主题接受发送过去的速度值,并转发到硬件体上去执行
std_msgs::String msg;
std::stringstream ss;//定义输出流对象
ss <<vel_cmd;
msg.data = ss.str();
/**
* The publish() function is how you send messages. The parameter
* is the message object. The type of this object must agree with the type
* given as a template parameter to the advertise<>() call, as was done
* in the constructor above.
*/
chatter_pub.publish(msg);
ros::spinOnce();//调用此函数给其他回调函数得以执行(比例程未使用回调函数)
//loopRate.sleep();
}
return 0;
}
二、创建小乌龟画圆接收程序,用于实时更新位置信息
新建小乌龟画圆接收程序,用于实时更新位置信息
touch callBackYuan.cpp
打开callBackYuan.cpp文件,输入如下代码
#include "ros/ros.h"
#include "std_msgs/String.h"
/**
* This tutorial demonstrates simple receipt of messages over the ROS system.
*/
void chatterCallback(const std_msgs::String::ConstPtr& msg)
{
ROS_INFO("it is location: [%s]", msg->data.c_str());
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
/**
* The ros::init() function needs to see argc and argv so that it can perform
* any ROS arguments and name remapping that were provided at the command line. For programmatic
* remappings you can use a different version of init() which takes remappings
* directly, but for most command-line programs, passing argc and argv is the easiest
* way to do it. The third argument to init() is the name of the node.
*
* You must call one of the versions of ros::init() before using any other
* part of the ROS system.
*/
ros::init(argc, argv, "yuan");
/**
* NodeHandle is the main access point to communications with the ROS system.
* The first NodeHandle constructed will fully initialize this node, and the last
* NodeHandle destructed will close down the node.
*/
ros::NodeHandle n;
/**
* The subscribe() call is how you tell ROS that you want to receive messages
* on a given topic. This invokes a call to the ROS
* master node, which keeps a registry of who is publishing and who
* is subscribing. Messages are passed to a callback function, here
* called chatterCallback. subscribe() returns a Subscriber object that you
* must hold on to until you want to unsubscribe. When all copies of the Subscriber
* object go out of scope, this callback will automatically be unsubscribed from
* this topic.
*
* The second parameter to the subscribe() function is the size of the message
* queue. If messages are arriving faster than they are being processed, this
* is the number of messages that will be buffered up before beginning to throw
* away the oldest ones.
*/
ros::Subscriber sub = n.subscribe("chatter", 1000, chatterCallback);
/**
* ros::spin() will enter a loop, pumping callbacks. With this version, all
* callbacks will be called from within this thread (the main one). ros::spin()
* will exit when Ctrl-C is pressed, or the node is shutdown by the master.
*/
ros::spin();
return 0;
}
三、修改CMakeLists.txt
在CMakeLists.txt文件末尾添加如下代码:
add_executable(yuan src/yuan.cpp)
target_link_libraries(yuan ${catkin_LIBRARIES})
#add_dependencies(yuan comm_generate_messages_cpp)
add_executable(callBackYuan src/callBackYuan.cpp)
target_link_libraries(callBackYuan ${catkin_LIBRARIES})
四.编译程序
在工作空间下编译
catkin_make
五、运行程序
回到工作空间并进行注册
source ./devel/setup.bash
新建一个终端,运行ros
roscore
再新建一个终端,注册并运行我们的接收服务程序
source ./devel/setup.bash
rosrun learning_communication callBackYuan
再新建一个终端,启动我们的小海龟
在最开始的终端运行我们的小海龟画圆程序
rosrun learning_communication yuan
小乌龟开始画圈,并实时位置接收程序callBackYuan.cpp开始接收最初终端位置发送程序yuan.cpp发送的位置信息,出现该结果,表示程序运行成功