STM32学习笔记（十九）- 串口发送，收发，收发hex和文本数据

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-15 00:00:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-15 00:00:48 发布

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分类专栏： STM32 文章标签： stm32 学习笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_74081875/article/details/134094748

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1.串口接受数据

步骤：开启时钟，初始化GPIO，USART

void Serial_Init(void)
{
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
	USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
	
	USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}

2.封装发送不同类型的数据函数

void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
	USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);
	while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}

void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{
	uint16_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);
	}
}

void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i ++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(String[i]);
	}
}

uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
	uint32_t Result = 1;
	while(Y -- )
	{
		Result *= X;
	}
	return Result; 
}	

void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');
	}
}

int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	Serial_SendByte(ch);
	return ch;
}

void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
	char String[100];
	va_list arg;
	va_start(arg, format);
	vsprintf(String, format, arg);
	va_end(arg);
	Serial_SendString(String);
}

3.注意事项

Serial.h要声明

#include <stdio.h>

Serial.c要声明

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

4.效果图

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	
	Serial_Init();
	
	uint8_t MyArray[] = {'I', 'L', 'O', 'V', 'E', 'U'};
	
	Serial_SendArray(MyArray, 6);
	
	Serial_SendString("\r\nILOVEU\r\n");
	
	Serial_SendNumber(12345, 5);
	printf("\r\nNum = %d", 222);
	
	char String[100];
	sprintf(String, "\r\nNum = %d\r\n", 333);
	Serial_SendString(String);
	
	Serial_Printf("夜来南风起，小麦覆陇黄");
	
	while(1)
	{
		
	}
}

2.串口发送数据给OLED显示，同时接受数据

Serial.c部分代码

uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void)
{
	if (Serial_RxFlag == 1)
	{
		Serial_RxFlag = 0;
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

uint8_t Serial_GetRxData(void)
{
	return Serial_RxData;
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
	{
		Serial_RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
		Serial_RxFlag = 1;
		USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
	}
}

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"

uint8_t RxData;

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "RxData:");
	
	Serial_Init();
	
	while(1)
	{
		if (Serial_GetRxFlag() == 1)
		{
			RxData = Serial_GetRxData();
			Serial_SendByte(RxData);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 8, RxData, 2);
		}
	}
}

3.打包hex数据包发送给串口

封装一个函数，使得可以可以发送数据包的包头和包尾，还有有效载荷的数组

//先定义一个有效载荷固定长度为4的数组
uint8_t Serial_TxPacket[4];

void Serial_SendPacket(void)
{
    Serial_SendByte(0xFF);                        //包头
	Serial_SendArray(Serial_TxPacket, 4);        //有效载荷
	Serial_SendByte(0xFE);                       //包尾
}

然后在main.c中给数组传入数值

    Serial_TxPacket[0] = 0x11;
	Serial_TxPacket[1] = 0x12;
	Serial_TxPacket[2] = 0x13;
	Serial_TxPacket[3] = 0x14;
	
	Serial_SendPacket();

效果图

4.串口发送数据包给单片机

需要定义一个标志当前状态的变量，判断该数据是包头尾还是有效载荷

uint8_t RxState;

定义需要发送的数据包，固定有效载荷长度为4

uint8_t Serial_RxPacket[4];

封装函数发送数据包

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	static uint8_t RxState;
	static uint8_t pRxPacket;    //判断有效载荷传输的次数
	
	if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
	{
		uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
		
		if(RxState == 0)
		{
			if (RxData == 0xFF)
			{
				RxState = 1;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 1)
		{
			Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;
			pRxPacket ++;
			if (pRxPacket >= 4)
			{
				RxState = 2;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 2)
		{
			if (RxData == 0xFE)
			{
				RxState = 0;
                Serial_RxFlag = 1;
			}
		}
		
		USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
	}
}

main.c 在OLED显示

while(1)
	{
		if(Serial_GetRxFlag() == 1)
		{
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 1, Serial_RxPacket[0], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 4, Serial_RxPacket[1], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 7, Serial_RxPacket[2], 2);
			OLED_ShowHexNum(1, 10, Serial_RxPacket[3], 2);
		}
	}

5.串口发送文本数据包给单片机，通过OLED显示

不固定长度

Serial.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

char Serial_RxPacket[100];
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;

void Serial_Init(void)
{
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
	
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
	USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
	
	USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
	
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
	
	USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}

void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
	USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);
	while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}

void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{
	uint16_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);
	}
}

void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i ++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(String[i]);
	}
}

uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
	uint32_t Result = 1;
	while(Y -- )
	{
		Result *= X;
	}
	return Result; 
}	

void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
	uint8_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++)
	{
		Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');
	}
}

int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	Serial_SendByte(ch);
	return ch;
}

void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
	char String[100];
	va_list arg;
	va_start(arg, format);
	vsprintf(String, format, arg);
	va_end(arg);
	Serial_SendString(String);
}

uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void)
{
	if (Serial_RxFlag == 1)
	{
		Serial_RxFlag = 0;
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	static uint8_t RxState = 0;
	static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;  //指示接收到哪个数据了
	
	if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
	{
		uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
		
		if(RxState == 0)
		{
			if (RxData == '@')
			{
				RxState = 1;
				pRxPacket = 0;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 1)
		{
			if (RxData == '\r')
			{
				RxState = 2;
			}
			else
			{
				Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;
				pRxPacket ++;
			}
		}
		else if (RxState == 2)
		{
			if (RxData == '\n')
			{
				RxState = 0;
				Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = '\0';
				Serial_RxFlag = 1;
			}
		}
		
		USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
	}
}

Serial.h

#ifndef _SERIAL_H
#define _SERIAL_H

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>

extern char Serial_RxPacket[];

void Serial_SendString(char *String);
void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte);
void Serial_Init(void);
void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length);
void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...);

uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void);
#endif

main.c

#include "stm32f10x.h"                  // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"

uint8_t RxData;

int main(void)
{
	OLED_Init();
	
	Serial_Init();
	
	while(1)
	{
		if (Serial_GetRxFlag() == 1)
		{
			OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "                ");
			OLED_ShowString(1, 1, Serial_RxPacket);
		}
	}
}

效果图