人脸检测之PICO(Pixel Intensity Comparisons Organized)

整体检测思想:

(1)Pico 采用滑窗策略,图像大小维持不变,通过窗口不断移动与放大,实现对图像上所有区域的检测。

(2)针对每一个窗口,使其通过所有树,每通过一棵树会得到一个结果,这个结果不断递加,当其小于阈值时,则拒绝该窗口,判定其非人脸。

(3)若该窗口通过了所有树,其结果大于阈值,则接受该窗口,判定其为人脸,该结果为其置信度。

(4)检测完所有窗口后做一次聚类,假如两个区域的交集比上并集大于0.3,则判定该为同一人脸,结果取其坐标与大小的均值,置信度选择累加。

 

基于回归的决策树:

其中,pico特征的binary test定义如下,其中,I为图像,l1和l2分别代表图像I中2个不同的位置。


其中,训练数据如下所示,I为图像,v代表图像的标签,w代表权重,s表示第s个图像

然后,训练的过程,实际就是最小化下式子的加权均值平方误差(weighted mean squared error)

二值分类器的整体决策树:

为了从训练样本中产生K个级联的决策树,需要进行以下的步骤:

(1)首先初始化每个图像Is的权重值Ws,其中,P为正样本的个数,N为负样本的个数,Cs为类别

(2)匹配一个决策树Tk,计算其WMSE,然后按照下式跟新其权值,并重新对权值做归一化操作。

(3)输出决策树Tk

二值检测器结果合并:

如果Iou大于30%,则进行相应的合并,即算2个框的位置和尺度的均值。

训练过程:

数据集:AFLW&Visage Technologies ( http://www.visagetechnologies.com/)

正样本:20000个原始正样本,经过scale和crop后,每个原始样本产生15个,最终产生300000个正样本

负样本:300000

训练时间:30小时(4核16G的电脑)

训练中cascade内存消耗:<200kb

实验结果:


references:

[1] https://github.com/nenadmarkus/pico

[2] Markuš N, Frljak M, Pandžić I S, et al.Object detection with pixel intensity comparisons organized in decisiontrees[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1305.4537, 2013.


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PICO2000监控软件,含客户端软件 ********************************************************** Readme for Digital Surveillance Recorder, version 1.7.1 ********************************************************** Introduction ++++++++++++ *please refer to the Readme.doc for Service Pack Upgrade in the "Service Pack" folder. This readme file contain the last minute changes of information about the related DSR Application and related software contained in this CDs. Please read carefully before your installtion of the Digital Surveillance Recorder system Note: This version of Digital Surveillence Recorder application are Win98/NT ready. Installation: +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ simply insert the installation CD into your CD-ROM driver, then follow the instructions to finish the installation, if the setup does not run automatically, please run the "setup.exe" on the installation CD by double-clicking the "setup" icon. For Win98: Make sure your video card driver installed properly. For WinNT: Before you install this application: *Please login as "Administrator". 1.Make sure your video card driver installed properly. 2.Make sure Service pack 4 installed in your system. 3.Make sure IE5.0 OR later version installed in your system. 4.Set the screen resolution to 800X600 if you are going to use NTSC mode; Set the screen resolution to 1024X768 if you are going to use PAL mode; After you install this application: 1.Share the folder "c:\pico" with Access Type "full"; 2.If you are going to setup an environment for non-administrator user, run the "Upgrade with Service Pack(NT only)" from setup menu once when you login as Non-administrator. You may need to setup the Client and Server System for remote viewing, playback of archive video and recording if you are going to use the remote access function of this application. Please follow the installation and setup instruction belows. Dial up client TCP/IP setup ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TCP/IP Setup for dial up Client: 1. Double click "my computer" on the desktop, then double click dial-up networking icon; 2. Right click the specified dial-up networking connection, which will be used as your dial-up client connection; 3. Select the "Properties" option from the popup menu, the click on "Server Type" option; 4. Make sure the "PPP: Internet, Windows NT Server, Windows98 " item is selected from the "Type of Dial-up Server" combo box; 5. Make sure the "Log on to network" and "Enable software compression" are both checked in the "Advanced options" group option box; 6. Make sure "NetBEUI" and "TCP/IP" are both checked in the "Allowed network protocols:" group option box; 7. Click "TCP/IP Settings" command box, the "TCP/IP Settings" dialog box appears; 8. Check the "Specify the IP address" option, enter "192.168.55.2" to the IP address entry; 9. Click "OK" twice, return to dial-up networking window. ** Please refer to Section 4 of The installation guide for the detailed information about the TCP/IP setup for both SERVER and CLIENT.

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