c++ 类的定义和使用

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class A
{
private:
    int n2;
    int n1;

public:

    A() :n2(34), n1(n2+1) {}

    void Print() {
        cout << "n1:" << n1 << ", n2: " << n2 << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    A a;
    a.Print();
    getchar();
    return 1;
}

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对上面代码稍微做调整： 将n1和n2两个变量定义的顺序互换一下

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#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class A
{
private:
    int n1;
    int n2;

public:

    A() :n2(34), n1(n2+1) {}

    void Print() {
        cout << "n1:" << n1 << ", n2: " << n2 << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{

    A a;
    a.Print();

    getchar();
    return 1;
}

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打印结果：

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由此可以总结： 构造函数中，变量初始化的顺序，是以变量定义的顺序来定的，而不是简单的以构造函数中变量出现的顺序来定的

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还可以使用有参的构造函数：

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#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class A
{
private:
    int n1;
    int n2;

public:

    A(int k1,int k2) :n2(k1), n1(k2) {}

    void Print() {
        cout << "n1:" << n1 << ", n2: " << n2 << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{

    A a(78,97);
    a.Print();

    getchar();
    return 1;
}

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打印结果：

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下面对上面进行改造一下：

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class A
{
private:
    int n1;
    int n2;

public:

    A(int k1) :n2(k1), n1(n2) {}

    void Print() {
        cout << "n1:" << n1 << ", n2: " << n2 << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{

    A a(115);
    a.Print();

    getchar();
    return 1;
}

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打印结果：

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通过最后一个例子，再次证明，变量初始化的顺序是严格按照各个变量定义的先后顺序来的，而不是简单的依据各变量在构造函数中出现的先后顺序来定的

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下面两种写法是一个意思：
写法一：

public:
    A(int k1,int k2) {
        n1 = k1;
        n2 = k2;
    }

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写法二：

public:

    A(int k1,int k2) :n1(k1),n2(k2){}

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FR:海涛高软（hunk Xu)