V4L2 subdev & video device

已于 2023-11-14 17:40:16 修改
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于 2023-11-14 16:21:02 首次发布
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目录

subdev的ops

internal_ops

驱动不会调用这些接口，只有v4l2 framework会调用这些ops。
定义：

struct v4l2_subdev_internal_ops {
	int (*registered)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd);
	void (*unregistered)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd);
	int (*open)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_subdev_fh *fh);
	int (*close)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_subdev_fh *fh);
	void (*release)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd);
};
  1. registered：在这个subdev被registered的时候被调用。
  2. open：在这个subdev的用户态节点被open的时候被调用。
  3. close：当用户态节点被close的时候被调用，要注意unregistered调用之后可能会调用close回调。

core_ops

定义：

struct v4l2_subdev_core_ops {
	int (*log_status)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd);
	int (*s_io_pin_config)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, size_t n,
				      struct v4l2_subdev_io_pin_config *pincfg);
	int (*init)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 val);
	int (*load_fw)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd);
	int (*reset)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 val);
	int (*s_gpio)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 val);
	long (*command)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, unsigned int cmd, void *arg);
	long (*ioctl)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, unsigned int cmd, void *arg);
#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
	long (*compat_ioctl32)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, unsigned int cmd,
			       unsigned long arg);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG
	int (*g_register)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_dbg_register *reg);
	int (*s_register)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, const struct v4l2_dbg_register *reg);
#endif
	int (*s_power)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, int on);
	int (*interrupt_service_routine)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
						u32 status, bool *handled);
	int (*subscribe_event)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_fh *fh,
			       struct v4l2_event_subscription *sub);
	int (*unsubscribe_event)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_fh *fh,
				 struct v4l2_event_subscription *sub);
};
  1. ioctl：用于自定义ioctl
  2. s_power：用于subdev上下电
  3. subscribe_event：用于control框架，当对应值变化的时候，来通知订阅对象

video ops

定义：

struct v4l2_subdev_video_ops {
	int (*s_routing)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 input, u32 output, u32 config);
	int (*s_crystal_freq)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 freq, u32 flags);
	int (*g_std)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id *norm);
	int (*s_std)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id norm);
	int (*s_std_output)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id std);
	int (*g_std_output)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id *std);
	int (*querystd)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id *std);
	int (*g_tvnorms)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id *std);
	int (*g_tvnorms_output)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, v4l2_std_id *std);
	int (*g_input_status)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 *status);
	int (*s_stream)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, int enable);
	int (*g_pixelaspect)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_fract *aspect);
	int (*g_frame_interval)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
				struct v4l2_subdev_frame_interval *interval);
	int (*s_frame_interval)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
				struct v4l2_subdev_frame_interval *interval);
	int (*s_dv_timings)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			struct v4l2_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*g_dv_timings)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			struct v4l2_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*query_dv_timings)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			struct v4l2_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*g_mbus_config)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			     struct v4l2_mbus_config *cfg);
	int (*s_mbus_config)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			     const struct v4l2_mbus_config *cfg);
	int (*s_rx_buffer)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, void *buf,
			   unsigned int *size);
};
  1. s_crystal_freq：配置外部晶振的频率，单位Hz
  2. g_std：VIDIOC_G_STD()的回调
  3. s_std：VIDIOC_S_STD()的回调
  4. s_stream：通知驱动数据流将要开流或者关流
  5. g_mbus_config：get supported mediabus configurations

sensor ops

struct v4l2_subdev_sensor_ops {
	int (*g_skip_top_lines)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 *lines);
	int (*g_skip_frames)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, u32 *frames);
};

配置要调过每帧前几行或者前几帧

pad ops

定义：

struct v4l2_subdev_pad_ops {
	int (*init_cfg)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg);
	int (*enum_mbus_code)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			      struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
			      struct v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum *code);
	int (*enum_frame_size)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			       struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
			       struct v4l2_subdev_frame_size_enum *fse);
	int (*enum_frame_interval)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
				   struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
				   struct v4l2_subdev_frame_interval_enum *fie);
	int (*get_fmt)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
		       struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
		       struct v4l2_subdev_format *format);
	int (*set_fmt)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
		       struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
		       struct v4l2_subdev_format *format);
	int (*get_selection)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			     struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
			     struct v4l2_subdev_selection *sel);
	int (*set_selection)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			     struct v4l2_subdev_pad_config *cfg,
			     struct v4l2_subdev_selection *sel);
	int (*get_edid)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_edid *edid);
	int (*set_edid)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct v4l2_edid *edid);
	int (*dv_timings_cap)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			      struct v4l2_dv_timings_cap *cap);
	int (*enum_dv_timings)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd,
			       struct v4l2_enum_dv_timings *timings);
#ifdef CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER
	int (*link_validate)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, struct media_link *link,
			     struct v4l2_subdev_format *source_fmt,
			     struct v4l2_subdev_format *sink_fmt);
#endif /* CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER */
	int (*get_frame_desc)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, unsigned int pad,
			      struct v4l2_mbus_frame_desc *fd);
	int (*set_frame_desc)(struct v4l2_subdev *sd, unsigned int pad,
			      struct v4l2_mbus_frame_desc *fd);
};
  1. init_cfg: 初始化pad config为默认值
  2. enum_mbus_code：VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_MBUS_CODE()回调。用户态传给driver一个v4l2_subdev_mbus_code_enum结构体，并填充pad、which、index成员，由driver填充剩余成员，用户态可以递增index成员来枚举所有的mbus format直到接口返回-EINVAL。
  3. enum_frame_size：VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_SIZE回调
  4. enum_frame_interval：VIDIOC_SUBDEV_ENUM_FRAME_INTERVAL回调
  5. get_fmt/set_fmt：VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G/S_FMT回调。用来配置或者获取指定subdev的指定pad的帧格式。获取frame format时，需要填充pad、which（配置成V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE）成员；配置时，除了pad、which成员，还需要配置format成员的所有子成员，驱动会把这个format配置到设备中，如果不希望配置到硬件中，可以把which参数配置成V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_TRY；当配置的格式硬件不支持时，应该选取一个尽可能接近的格式配置进去，而不是返回错误。
  6. get_selection：VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_SELECTION回调
  7. link_validate：用在media controller框架中，判断这个pipeline里面的subdev能否被用于这条流。在v4l2框架实现的默认函数中判断sink和source的format是否一致。
  8. get_frame_desc：获取当前media buf frame参数

注意：

  1. 如果子设备驱动趋向于处理视频并整合进了媒体框架，必须使用 v4l2_subdev_pad_ops替代 v4l2_subdev_video_ops 实现格式相关的功能。

video device的ops

ioctl ops

在用户态打开video device的node，然后通过ioctl来调用内核态操作的时候，会调用到这个ioctl_ops。
定义：

struct v4l2_ioctl_ops {
	/* ioctl callbacks */

	/* VIDIOC_QUERYCAP handler */
	int (*vidioc_querycap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			       struct v4l2_capability *cap);

	/* VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT handlers */
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_sdr_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_sdr_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_meta_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);
	int (*vidioc_enum_fmt_meta_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f);

	/* VIDIOC_G_FMT handlers */
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vid_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vid_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vid_out_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vbi_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_sliced_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_sliced_vbi_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap_mplane)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_vid_out_mplane)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_sdr_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_sdr_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_meta_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_g_fmt_meta_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     struct v4l2_format *f);

	/* VIDIOC_S_FMT handlers */
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vid_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vid_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vid_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vid_out_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vbi_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_sliced_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_sliced_vbi_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vid_cap_mplane)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_vid_out_mplane)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					   struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_sdr_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_sdr_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_meta_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_s_fmt_meta_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     struct v4l2_format *f);

	/* VIDIOC_TRY_FMT handlers */
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vid_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					  struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vid_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vid_out_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vbi_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_sliced_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_sliced_vbi_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap_mplane)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_vid_out_mplane)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					     struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_sdr_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_sdr_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_meta_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_format *f);
	int (*vidioc_try_fmt_meta_out)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_format *f);

	/* Buffer handlers */
	int (*vidioc_reqbufs)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			      struct v4l2_requestbuffers *b);
	int (*vidioc_querybuf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			       struct v4l2_buffer *b);
	int (*vidioc_qbuf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			   struct v4l2_buffer *b);
	int (*vidioc_expbuf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_exportbuffer *e);
	int (*vidioc_dqbuf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			    struct v4l2_buffer *b);

	int (*vidioc_create_bufs)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_create_buffers *b);
	int (*vidioc_prepare_buf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_buffer *b);

	int (*vidioc_overlay)(struct file *file, void *fh, unsigned int i);
	int (*vidioc_g_fbuf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_framebuffer *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_fbuf)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     const struct v4l2_framebuffer *a);

		/* Stream on/off */
	int (*vidioc_streamon)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			       enum v4l2_buf_type i);
	int (*vidioc_streamoff)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				enum v4l2_buf_type i);

		/*
		 * Standard handling
		 *
		 * Note: ENUMSTD is handled by videodev.c
		 */
	int (*vidioc_g_std)(struct file *file, void *fh, v4l2_std_id *norm);
	int (*vidioc_s_std)(struct file *file, void *fh, v4l2_std_id norm);
	int (*vidioc_querystd)(struct file *file, void *fh, v4l2_std_id *a);

		/* Input handling */
	int (*vidioc_enum_input)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				 struct v4l2_input *inp);
	int (*vidioc_g_input)(struct file *file, void *fh, unsigned int *i);
	int (*vidioc_s_input)(struct file *file, void *fh, unsigned int i);

		/* Output handling */
	int (*vidioc_enum_output)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_output *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_output)(struct file *file, void *fh, unsigned int *i);
	int (*vidioc_s_output)(struct file *file, void *fh, unsigned int i);

		/* Control handling */
	int (*vidioc_queryctrl)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				struct v4l2_queryctrl *a);
	int (*vidioc_query_ext_ctrl)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     struct v4l2_query_ext_ctrl *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_ctrl)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_control *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_ctrl)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_control *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_ext_ctrls)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_ext_controls *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_ext_ctrls)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_ext_controls *a);
	int (*vidioc_try_ext_ctrls)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    struct v4l2_ext_controls *a);
	int (*vidioc_querymenu)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				struct v4l2_querymenu *a);

	/* Audio ioctls */
	int (*vidioc_enumaudio)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				struct v4l2_audio *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_audio)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			      struct v4l2_audio *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_audio)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			      const struct v4l2_audio *a);

	/* Audio out ioctls */
	int (*vidioc_enumaudout)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				 struct v4l2_audioout *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_audout)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			       struct v4l2_audioout *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_audout)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			       const struct v4l2_audioout *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_modulator)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_modulator *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_modulator)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  const struct v4l2_modulator *a);
	/* Crop ioctls */
	int (*vidioc_g_pixelaspect)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				    int buf_type, struct v4l2_fract *aspect);
	int (*vidioc_g_selection)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_selection *s);
	int (*vidioc_s_selection)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_selection *s);
	/* Compression ioctls */
	int (*vidioc_g_jpegcomp)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				 struct v4l2_jpegcompression *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_jpegcomp)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				 const struct v4l2_jpegcompression *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_enc_index)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_enc_idx *a);
	int (*vidioc_encoder_cmd)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *a);
	int (*vidioc_try_encoder_cmd)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_encoder_cmd *a);
	int (*vidioc_decoder_cmd)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_decoder_cmd *a);
	int (*vidioc_try_decoder_cmd)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_decoder_cmd *a);

	/* Stream type-dependent parameter ioctls */
	int (*vidioc_g_parm)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_streamparm *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_parm)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_streamparm *a);

	/* Tuner ioctls */
	int (*vidioc_g_tuner)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			      struct v4l2_tuner *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_tuner)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			      const struct v4l2_tuner *a);
	int (*vidioc_g_frequency)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_frequency *a);
	int (*vidioc_s_frequency)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  const struct v4l2_frequency *a);
	int (*vidioc_enum_freq_bands)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_frequency_band *band);

	/* Sliced VBI cap */
	int (*vidioc_g_sliced_vbi_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap *a);

	/* Log status ioctl */
	int (*vidioc_log_status)(struct file *file, void *fh);

	int (*vidioc_s_hw_freq_seek)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     const struct v4l2_hw_freq_seek *a);

	/* Debugging ioctls */
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG
	int (*vidioc_g_register)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				 struct v4l2_dbg_register *reg);
	int (*vidioc_s_register)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				 const struct v4l2_dbg_register *reg);

	int (*vidioc_g_chip_info)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				  struct v4l2_dbg_chip_info *chip);
#endif

	int (*vidioc_enum_framesizes)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_frmsizeenum *fsize);

	int (*vidioc_enum_frameintervals)(struct file *file, void *fh,
					  struct v4l2_frmivalenum *fival);

	/* DV Timings IOCTLs */
	int (*vidioc_s_dv_timings)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				   struct v4l2_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*vidioc_g_dv_timings)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				   struct v4l2_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*vidioc_query_dv_timings)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				       struct v4l2_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*vidioc_enum_dv_timings)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				      struct v4l2_enum_dv_timings *timings);
	int (*vidioc_dv_timings_cap)(struct file *file, void *fh,
				     struct v4l2_dv_timings_cap *cap);
	int (*vidioc_g_edid)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_edid *edid);
	int (*vidioc_s_edid)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			     struct v4l2_edid *edid);

	int (*vidioc_subscribe_event)(struct v4l2_fh *fh,
				      const struct v4l2_event_subscription *sub);
	int (*vidioc_unsubscribe_event)(struct v4l2_fh *fh,
					const struct v4l2_event_subscription *sub);

	/* For other private ioctls */
	long (*vidioc_default)(struct file *file, void *fh,
			       bool valid_prio, unsigned int cmd, void *arg);
};
  1. vidioc_querycap：查询这个video device的能力集。在open这个video device的时候调用。能力集有如下几种：
/* Values for 'capabilities' field */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE		0x00000001  /* Is a video capture device */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT		0x00000002  /* Is a video output device */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY		0x00000004  /* Can do video overlay */
#define V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE		0x00000010  /* Is a raw VBI capture device */
#define V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT		0x00000020  /* Is a raw VBI output device */
#define V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE	0x00000040  /* Is a sliced VBI capture device */
#define V4L2_CAP_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT	0x00000080  /* Is a sliced VBI output device */
#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE		0x00000100  /* RDS data capture */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_OVERLAY	0x00000200  /* Can do video output overlay */
#define V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK		0x00000400  /* Can do hardware frequency seek  */
#define V4L2_CAP_RDS_OUTPUT		0x00000800  /* Is an RDS encoder */

/* Is a video capture device that supports multiplanar formats */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE	0x00001000
/* Is a video output device that supports multiplanar formats */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OUTPUT_MPLANE	0x00002000
/* Is a video mem-to-mem device that supports multiplanar formats */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_M2M_MPLANE	0x00004000
/* Is a video mem-to-mem device */
#define V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_M2M		0x00008000

#define V4L2_CAP_TUNER			0x00010000  /* has a tuner */
#define V4L2_CAP_AUDIO			0x00020000  /* has audio support */
#define V4L2_CAP_RADIO			0x00040000  /* is a radio device */
#define V4L2_CAP_MODULATOR		0x00080000  /* has a modulator */

#define V4L2_CAP_SDR_CAPTURE		0x00100000  /* Is a SDR capture device */
#define V4L2_CAP_EXT_PIX_FORMAT		0x00200000  /* Supports the extended pixel format */
#define V4L2_CAP_SDR_OUTPUT		0x00400000  /* Is a SDR output device */
#define V4L2_CAP_META_CAPTURE		0x00800000  /* Is a metadata capture device */

#define V4L2_CAP_READWRITE              0x01000000  /* read/write systemcalls */
#define V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO                0x02000000  /* async I/O */
#define V4L2_CAP_STREAMING              0x04000000  /* streaming I/O ioctls */
#define V4L2_CAP_META_OUTPUT		0x08000000  /* Is a metadata output device */

#define V4L2_CAP_TOUCH                  0x10000000  /* Is a touch device */

#define V4L2_CAP_DEVICE_CAPS            0x80000000  /* sets device capabilities field */
  1. vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap：从驱动中获取数据流的格式（长宽和像素格式）。
  2. vidioc_s_fmt_vid_cap：配置像素格式（长宽和像素格式）到驱动中。
  3. vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap：
  4. vidioc_g_parm：从驱动中获取参数（也可以是自定义参数）。
  5. vidioc_s_parm：配置参数到驱动中。
  6. vidioc_reqbufs：分配指定数量的buffer
  7. vidioc_querybuf：查询某一块buffer
  8. vidioc_qbuf：将某块buffer放到队列中，应用这块buffer
  9. vidioc_dqbuf ：从队列中取出一块buffer，此时这块buffer里面有数据
  10. vidioc_streamon：数据流开流
  11. vidioc_streamoff：数据流关流
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