Rtthread Timer管理

Rtthread Timer 模块

/* hard timer list */
static rt_list_t rt_timer_list[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL];

/**
 * timer structure
 */
struct rt_timer
{
    struct rt_object parent;                            /**< object 头部分 */

    rt_list_t        row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL];     /*链表*/

    void (*timeout_func)(void *parameter);              /**< 超时处理函数 */
    void            *parameter;                         /**< 超时处理函数参数*/

    rt_tick_t        init_tick;                         /**< 超时初始时间 */
    rt_tick_t        timeout_tick;                      /**< 超时计数器 */
};
typedef struct rt_timer *rt_timer_t;

//timer 对象初始化
static void _rt_timer_init(rt_timer_t timer,
                           void (*timeout)(void *parameter),
                           void      *parameter,
                           rt_tick_t  time,
                           rt_uint8_t flag)
{
    int i;

    /* set flag */
    timer->parent.flag  = flag;

    /* set deactivated  初始化为休眠状态*/
    timer->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;

    timer->timeout_func = timeout;
    timer->parameter    = parameter;

    timer->timeout_tick = 0;
    timer->init_tick    = time; //设置初始超时时间

    /* initialize timer list */
    for (i = 0; i < RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL; i++)
    {
        rt_list_init(&(timer->row[i]));
    }
}

/* the fist timer always in the last row */
//查找当前timer_list节点的下一个节点
static rt_tick_t rt_timer_list_next_timeout(rt_list_t timer_list[])
{
    struct rt_timer *timer;
    register rt_base_t level;
    rt_tick_t timeout_tick = RT_TICK_MAX;

    /* disable interrupt */
    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    if (!rt_list_isempty(&timer_list[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]))
    {
        timer = rt_list_entry(timer_list[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1].next,
                              struct rt_timer, row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]);
        timeout_tick = timer->timeout_tick;
    }

    /* enable interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

    return timeout_tick;
}

rt_inline void _rt_timer_remove(rt_timer_t timer)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL; i++)
    {
        rt_list_remove(&timer->row[i]);
    }
}
/**
 * This function will initialize a timer, normally this function is used to
 * initialize a static timer object.
 *
 * @param timer the static timer object
 * @param name the name of timer
 * @param timeout the timeout function
 * @param parameter the parameter of timeout function
 * @param time the tick of timer
 * @param flag the flag of timer
 */
 //线程中timer成员就用下面的函数初始化
 // init 和detech对应，create和delete对应
void rt_timer_init(rt_timer_t  timer,
                   const char *name,
                   void (*timeout)(void *parameter),
                   void       *parameter,
                   rt_tick_t   time,
                   rt_uint8_t  flag)
{
    /* timer check */
    RT_ASSERT(timer != RT_NULL);

    /* timer object initialization */
    rt_object_init((rt_object_t)timer, RT_Object_Class_Timer, name);//将timer放在object管理单元

    _rt_timer_init(timer, timeout, parameter, time, flag);
}
/**
 * This function will detach a timer from timer management.
 *
 * @param timer the static timer object
 *
 * @return the operation status, RT_EOK on OK; RT_ERROR on error
 */
rt_err_t rt_timer_detach(rt_timer_t timer)
{
    register rt_base_t level;

    /* timer check */
    RT_ASSERT(timer != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_get_type(&timer->parent) == RT_Object_Class_Timer);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_is_systemobject(&timer->parent));

    /* disable interrupt */
    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    _rt_timer_remove(timer);
    /* stop timer */
    timer->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;

    /* enable interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

    rt_object_detach((rt_object_t)timer);

    return RT_EOK;
}
//如果定义了该宏，使用堆
#ifdef RT_USING_HEAP
/**
 * This function will create a timer
 *
 * @param name the name of timer
 * @param timeout the timeout function
 * @param parameter the parameter of timeout function
 * @param time the tick of timer
 * @param flag the flag of timer
 *
 * @return the created timer object
 */
rt_timer_t rt_timer_create(const char *name,
                           void (*timeout)(void *parameter),
                           void       *parameter,
                           rt_tick_t   time,
                           rt_uint8_t  flag)
{
    struct rt_timer *timer;

    /* allocate a object */
    timer = (struct rt_timer *)rt_object_allocate(RT_Object_Class_Timer, name);
    if (timer == RT_NULL)
    {
        return RT_NULL;
    }

    _rt_timer_init(timer, timeout, parameter, time, flag);

    return timer;
}

/**
 * This function will delete a timer and release timer memory
 *
 * @param timer the timer to be deleted
 *
 * @return the operation status, RT_EOK on OK; RT_ERROR on error
 */
rt_err_t rt_timer_delete(rt_timer_t timer)
{
    register rt_base_t level;

    /* timer check */
    RT_ASSERT(timer != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_get_type(&timer->parent) == RT_Object_Class_Timer);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_is_systemobject(&timer->parent) == RT_FALSE);

    /* disable interrupt */
    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    _rt_timer_remove(timer);
    /* stop timer */
    timer->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;

    /* enable interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

    rt_object_delete((rt_object_t)timer);

    return RT_EOK;
}
#endif

rt_timer_start

/**
 * This function will start the timer
 *
 * @param timer the timer to be started
 *
 * @return the operation status, RT_EOK on OK, -RT_ERROR on error
 */
rt_err_t rt_timer_start(rt_timer_t timer)
{
    unsigned int row_lvl;
    rt_list_t *timer_list;
    register rt_base_t level;
    rt_list_t *row_head[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL];
    unsigned int tst_nr;
    static unsigned int random_nr;

    /* timer check */
    RT_ASSERT(timer != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_get_type(&timer->parent) == RT_Object_Class_Timer);

    /* stop timer firstly */
    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();
    /* remove timer from list */
    _rt_timer_remove(timer);
    /* change status of timer */
    timer->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;

    RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_take_hook, (&(timer->parent)));

    /*
     * get timeout tick,
     * the max timeout tick shall not great than RT_TICK_MAX/2
     */
    //u32 类型的的变量溢出后会自动置位
    RT_ASSERT(timer->init_tick < RT_TICK_MAX / 2);
    timer->timeout_tick = rt_tick_get() + timer->init_tick;

#ifdef RT_USING_TIMER_SOFT
    if (timer->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_SOFT_TIMER)
    {
        /* insert timer to soft timer list */
        timer_list = rt_soft_timer_list;
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        /* insert timer to system timer list */
        timer_list = rt_timer_list;
    }

    row_head[0]  = &timer_list[0];//获取一级索引
    for (row_lvl = 0; row_lvl < RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL; row_lvl++)//遍历索引
    {
        for (; row_head[row_lvl] != timer_list[row_lvl].prev;/*双向环形链表没到尾部*/
             row_head[row_lvl]  = row_head[row_lvl]->next)
        {
            struct rt_timer *t;
            rt_list_t *p = row_head[row_lvl]->next;//头节点是没有数据的，所以从第二个节点开始

            /* fix up the entry pointer */
            t = rt_list_entry(p, struct rt_timer, row[row_lvl]);//获取节点对象的首地址

            /* If we have two timers that timeout at the same time, it's
             * preferred that the timer inserted early get called early.
             * So insert the new timer to the end the the some-timeout timer
             * list.
             */
            if ((t->timeout_tick - timer->timeout_tick) == 0)//当前定时器跟start定时器超时时间相等
            {
                continue;
            }
            else if ((t->timeout_tick - timer->timeout_tick) < RT_TICK_MAX / 2)
            {
                //当前节点超时时间大于timer超时时间，结束本级索引查找
                //跳出的时候row_head[row_lvl]节点的timeout是小于timer->timeout_tick
                break;
            }
        }
        //没到最后一级索引表，row_head[row_lvl + 1]指向当前当前节点的值相同的下一级索引节点
        //row_head[row_lvl] 的当前值是&row[row_lvl]， &row[row_lvl] + 1 偏移到数组的下一个元素
        //这里需要注意的是前面几层满足条件的节点都保存在row[row_level]中了。
        if (row_lvl != RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1)
            row_head[row_lvl + 1] = row_head[row_lvl] + 1;
    }

    /* Interestingly, this super simple timer insert counter works very very
     * well on distributing the list height uniformly. By means of "very very
     * well", I mean it beats the randomness of timer->timeout_tick very easily
     * (actually, the timeout_tick is not random and easy to be attacked). */
    random_nr++;//定时器计数器
    tst_nr = random_nr;
    //将timer插入最后一级最后一个小于timer超时的节点后面
    rt_list_insert_after(row_head[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1],
                         &(timer->row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]));
    for (row_lvl = 2; row_lvl <= RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL; row_lvl++)
    {
        if (!(tst_nr & RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_MASK))//等价于tst_nr % 4 == 0
            rt_list_insert_after(row_head[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - row_lvl],
                                 &(timer->row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - row_lvl]));
        else
            break;
        /* Shift over the bits we have tested. Works well with 1 bit and 2
         * bits. */
        tst_nr >>= (RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_MASK + 1) >> 1;// 这里相当于tst_nr /= 4
    }
    //设置active标志
    timer->parent.flag |= RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;

    /* enable interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

#ifdef RT_USING_TIMER_SOFT
    if (timer->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_SOFT_TIMER)
    {
        /* check whether timer thread is ready */
        if ((soft_timer_status == RT_SOFT_TIMER_IDLE) &&
           ((timer_thread.stat & RT_THREAD_STAT_MASK) == RT_THREAD_SUSPEND))
        {
            /* resume timer thread to check soft timer */
            rt_thread_resume(&timer_thread);
            rt_schedule();
        }
    }
#endif

    return RT_EOK;
}
/**
 * This function will stop the timer
 *
 * @param timer the timer to be stopped
 *
 * @return the operation status, RT_EOK on OK, -RT_ERROR on error
 */
rt_err_t rt_timer_stop(rt_timer_t timer)
{
    register rt_base_t level;

    /* timer check */
    RT_ASSERT(timer != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_get_type(&timer->parent) == RT_Object_Class_Timer);

    if (!(timer->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED))
        return -RT_ERROR;

    RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_put_hook, (&(timer->parent)));

    /* disable interrupt */
    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    _rt_timer_remove(timer);
    /* change status */
    timer->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;

    /* enable interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

    return RT_EOK;
}

rt_timer_control

timer控制函数，主要用来设置超时初始时间和获取当前timer的定时方式（单次或者循环），
获取timer的状态（ACTIVATED/DEACTIVATED）

/**
 * This function will get or set some options of the timer
 *
 * @param timer the timer to be get or set
 * @param cmd the control command
 * @param arg the argument
 *
 * @return RT_EOK
 */
rt_err_t rt_timer_control(rt_timer_t timer, int cmd, void *arg)
{
    register rt_base_t level;

    /* timer check */
    RT_ASSERT(timer != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(rt_object_get_type(&timer->parent) == RT_Object_Class_Timer);

    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();
    switch (cmd)
    {
    case RT_TIMER_CTRL_GET_TIME:
        *(rt_tick_t *)arg = timer->init_tick;
        break;

    case RT_TIMER_CTRL_SET_TIME:
        timer->init_tick = *(rt_tick_t *)arg;
        break;

    case RT_TIMER_CTRL_SET_ONESHOT:
        timer->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_PERIODIC;
        break;

    case RT_TIMER_CTRL_SET_PERIODIC:
        timer->parent.flag |= RT_TIMER_FLAG_PERIODIC;
        break;

    case RT_TIMER_CTRL_GET_STATE:
        if(timer->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED)
        {
            /*timer is start and run*/
            *(rt_tick_t *)arg = RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;
        }
        else
        {
            /*timer is stop*/
            *(rt_tick_t *)arg = RT_TIMER_FLAG_DEACTIVATED;
        }
        break;

    default:
        break;
    }
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

    return RT_EOK;
}

/**
 * This function will check timer list, if a timeout event happens, the
 * corresponding timeout function will be invoked.
 *
 * @note this function shall be invoked in operating system timer interrupt.
 */
void rt_timer_check(void)
{
    struct rt_timer *t;
    rt_tick_t current_tick;
    register rt_base_t level;
    rt_list_t list;

    rt_list_init(&list);

    RT_DEBUG_LOG(RT_DEBUG_TIMER, ("timer check enter\n"));
    //获取当前系统tick
    current_tick = rt_tick_get();

    /* disable interrupt */
    level = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();
    //定时器表不为空
    while (!rt_list_isempty(&rt_timer_list[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]))
    {
        //因为它是按增序排列的，所以越在前面的定时器越早超时
        //获取第一个定时器
        t = rt_list_entry(rt_timer_list[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1].next,
                          struct rt_timer, row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]);

        /*
         * It supposes that the new tick shall less than the half duration of
         * tick max.
         */
        //check 定时器是否超时
        if ((current_tick - t->timeout_tick) < RT_TICK_MAX / 2)
        {
            RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_timer_enter_hook, (t));

            /* remove timer from timer list firstly */
            //先从定时器表中移除该定时器。
            _rt_timer_remove(t);
            if (!(t->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_PERIODIC))//非周期定时
            {
                t->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;//改变其状态为非active
            }
            /* add timer to temporary list  */
            //将已经超时的timer t->row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]先插入到临时列表中
            rt_list_insert_after(&list, &(t->row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]));
            /* call timeout function */
            //调用超时函数，这就意味着，超时函数不被允许执行耗时长的动作
            t->timeout_func(t->parameter);

            /* re-get tick */
            current_tick = rt_tick_get();

            RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_timer_exit_hook, (t));
            RT_DEBUG_LOG(RT_DEBUG_TIMER, ("current tick: %d\n", current_tick));

            /* Check whether the timer object is detached or started again */
            if (rt_list_isempty(&list))
            {
                continue;
            }
            //将t->row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]从临时list中移除
            rt_list_remove(&(t->row[RT_TIMER_SKIP_LIST_LEVEL - 1]));
            if ((t->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_PERIODIC) &&
                (t->parent.flag & RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED))
            {
                /* start it */
                t->parent.flag &= ~RT_TIMER_FLAG_ACTIVATED;
                rt_timer_start(t);//再次放到定时器表中
            }
        }
        else break;//没有找到超时的定时器就退出查找
    }

    /* enable interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(level);

    RT_DEBUG_LOG(RT_DEBUG_TIMER, ("timer check leave\n"));
}