LearnOpenGL 总结记录<19> SSAO

思路：

(主要的目的就是计算 一张保存 每一个像素的 occlusion factor 的texture，occlusion factor的计算就是采样当前pixel 附近的 多个pixel对应的depth，对比深度值，统计有多少个sample pixel的深度值是比当前的深度值要大，直接返回 (统计个数 / 总采样数)，[0,1] ,之后就利用这张texture，进行模拟ao效果)

The basics behind screen-space ambient occlusion are simple: for each fragment on a screen-filled quad we calculate an occlusion factor based on the fragment’s surrounding depth values. The occlusion factor is then used to reduce or nullify the fragment’s ambient lighting component. The occlusion factor is obtained by taking multiple depth samples in a sphere sample kernel surrounding the fragment position and compare each of the samples with the current fragment’s depth value. The number of samples that have a higher depth value than the fragment’s depth represents the occlusion factor.

Each of the gray depth samples that are inside geometry contribute to the total occlusion factor; the more samples we find inside geometry, the less ambient lighting the fragment should eventually receive.

For that reason we won’t be using a sphere sample kernel, but rather a hemisphere sample kernel oriented along a surface’s normal vector.

By sampling around this normal-oriented hemisphere we do not consider the fragment’s underlying geometry as contribution to the occlusion factor. This removes the gray-feel of ambient occlusion and generally produces more realistic results. This SSAO tutorial is based on this normal-oriented hemisphere method and a slightly modified version of John Chapman’s brilliant SSAO tutorial.

 

 

实现：

 

1. 生成 position，normal，albedo 的texture。和延迟渲染的类似。

配置：

// configure g-buffer framebuffer
    // ------------------------------
    unsigned int gBuffer;
    glGenFramebuffers(1, &gBuffer);
    glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, gBuffer);
    unsigned int gPosition, gNormal, gAlbedo;
    // position color buffer
    glGenTextures(1, &gPosition);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gPosition);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB16F, SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, 0, GL_RGB, GL_FLOAT, NULL);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, gPosition, 0);
    // normal color buffer
    glGenTextures(1, &gNormal);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gNormal);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB16F, SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, 0, GL_RGB, GL_FLOAT, NULL);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, GL_TEXTURE_2D, gNormal, 0);
    // color + specular color buffer
    glGenTextures(1, &gAlbedo);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gAlbedo);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
    glTexPa