Gameplay Ability 学习（二）

实现用Gameplay Ability给角色绑定跳跃技能

给角色添加技能数组

/* 技能数组 */
UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "Character Abilities")
TArray<TSubclassOf<class UGameplayAbility>> PreloadedAbilities;

重写BeginPlay

首先删除BeginPlay绑定输入的代码，保存编译运行，可以看到角色无法控制，也不能跳。
然后修改成如下代码:

void ARPGCharacterBase::BeginPlay()
{
	Super::BeginPlay();
	if(AbilitySystem != nullptr)
	{
		if(PreloadedAbilities.Num() > 0)
		{
			for(auto i =0;i < PreloadedAbilities.Num(); i++)
			{
				if(PreloadedAbilities[i] != nullptr)
				{
					// 实例化技能并传给AbilitySystemComp里面记录下来，那么当前角色掌握了该技能
					AbilitySystem->GiveAbility(FGameplayAbilitySpec(PreloadedAbilities[i].GetDefaultObject(),1,0));
				}
			}
			
		}
		// 每次添加新技能都要初始化技能信息
		AbilitySystem->InitAbilityActorInfo(this,this);
	}
}

创建一个GameplayAbility的蓝图类

命名为GA_Jump

编辑该蓝图如下：

角色蓝图添加技能

打开角色蓝图，勾选 显示继承变量，可以显示出PreloadedAbilities

添加GA_Jump

使用GameplayTag调用技能

打开项目设置，选择GameplayTags，添加一个Jump标签

继续编辑GA_Jump蓝图，给技能绑定Jump Tag

• Ability Tags： 召唤或取消这个技能所需的标签，可以理解为这个技能的名字或种类名。
• Block Abilities with Tag：是指当这个技能被激活时，拥有该标签的其它标签将不能被激活，我把它设为Jump是为了防止当一个跳跃技能未完成前再次触发一个跳跃技能。

设置技能按键

角色调用技能

进入角色蓝图，给技能按键调用技能

编译保存运行，可以看到触发绑定的按键角色跳起来了。

完整的GASDemoCharacter.h

// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Character.h"
#include "InputActionValue.h"
#include "AbilitySystemInterface.h"
#include "AbilitySystemComponent.h"
#include "GASDemoCharacter.generated.h"


UCLASS(config=Game)
class AGASDemoCharacter : public ACharacter, public IAbilitySystemInterface
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

	/** Camera boom positioning the camera behind the character */
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Camera, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class USpringArmComponent* CameraBoom;

	/** Follow camera */
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Camera, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UCameraComponent* FollowCamera;
	
	/** MappingContext */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputMappingContext* DefaultMappingContext;

	/** Jump Input Action */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputAction* JumpAction;

	/** Move Input Action */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputAction* MoveAction;

	/** Look Input Action */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputAction* LookAction;

public:
	/** 添加AbilitySystem */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite, Category="CharacterBase")
	UAbilitySystemComponent* AbilitySystem;

	virtual UAbilitySystemComponent* GetAbilitySystemComponent() const;

	/* 技能数组 */
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere,BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "Character Abilities")
	TArray<TSubclassOf<class UGameplayAbility>> PreloadedAbilities;

public:
	AGASDemoCharacter();


protected:

	/** Called for movement input */
	void Move(const FInputActionValue& Value);

	/** Called for looking input */
	void Look(const FInputActionValue& Value);
			

protected:
	// APawn interface
	virtual void SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent) override;
	
	// To add mapping context
	virtual void BeginPlay() override;

public:
	/** Returns CameraBoom subobject **/
	FORCEINLINE class USpringArmComponent* GetCameraBoom() const { return CameraBoom; }
	/** Returns FollowCamera subobject **/
	FORCEINLINE class UCameraComponent* GetFollowCamera() const { return FollowCamera; }
	
};

完整的GASDemoCharacter.cpp

// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#include "GASDemoCharacter.h"
#include "Camera/CameraComponent.h"
#include "Components/CapsuleComponent.h"
#include "Components/InputComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/CharacterMovementComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/Controller.h"
#include "GameFramework/SpringArmComponent.h"
#include "EnhancedInputComponent.h"
#include "EnhancedInputSubsystems.h"


//
// AGASDemoCharacter

UAbilitySystemComponent* AGASDemoCharacter::GetAbilitySystemComponent() const
{
	return AbilitySystem;
}

AGASDemoCharacter::AGASDemoCharacter()
{
	// Set size for collision capsule
	GetCapsuleComponent()->InitCapsuleSize(42.f, 96.0f);
		
	// Don't rotate when the controller rotates. Let that just affect the camera.
	bUseControllerRotationPitch = false;
	bUseControllerRotationYaw = false;
	bUseControllerRotationRoll = false;

	// Configure character movement
	GetCharacterMovement()->bOrientRotationToMovement = true; // Character moves in the direction of input...	
	GetCharacterMovement()->RotationRate = FRotator(0.0f, 500.0f, 0.0f); // ...at this rotation rate

	// Note: For faster iteration times these variables, and many more, can be tweaked in the Character Blueprint
	// instead of recompiling to adjust them
	GetCharacterMovement()->JumpZVelocity = 700.f;
	GetCharacterMovement()->AirControl = 0.35f;
	GetCharacterMovement()->MaxWalkSpeed = 500.f;
	GetCharacterMovement()->MinAnalogWalkSpeed = 20.f;
	GetCharacterMovement()->BrakingDecelerationWalking = 2000.f;

	// Create a camera boom (pulls in towards the player if there is a collision)
	CameraBoom = CreateDefaultSubobject<USpringArmComponent>(TEXT("CameraBoom"));
	CameraBoom->SetupAttachment(RootComponent);
	CameraBoom->TargetArmLength = 400.0f; // The camera follows at this distance behind the character	
	CameraBoom->bUsePawnControlRotation = true; // Rotate the arm based on the controller

	// Create a follow camera
	FollowCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("FollowCamera"));
	FollowCamera->SetupAttachment(CameraBoom, USpringArmComponent::SocketName); // Attach the camera to the end of the boom and let the boom adjust to match the controller orientation
	FollowCamera->bUsePawnControlRotation = false; // Camera does not rotate relative to arm

	// Note: The skeletal mesh and anim blueprint references on the Mesh component (inherited from Character) 
	// are set in the derived blueprint asset named ThirdPersonCharacter (to avoid direct content references in C++)

	AbilitySystem = CreateDefaultSubobject<UAbilitySystemComponent>("AbilitySystem");
}

void AGASDemoCharacter::BeginPlay()
{
	// Call the base class  
	Super::BeginPlay();
	if(AbilitySystem != nullptr)
	{
		if(PreloadedAbilities.Num() > 0)
		{
			for(auto i =0;i < PreloadedAbilities.Num(); i++)
			{
				if(PreloadedAbilities[i] != nullptr)
				{
					// 实例化技能并传给AbilitySystemComp里面记录下来，那么当前角色掌握了该技能
					AbilitySystem->GiveAbility(FGameplayAbilitySpec(PreloadedAbilities[i].GetDefaultObject(),1,0));
				}
			}
			
		}
		
		// 每次添加新技能都要初始化技能信息
		AbilitySystem->InitAbilityActorInfo(this,this);
	}

}

//
// Input

void AGASDemoCharacter::SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent)
{
	// Set up action bindings
	if (UEnhancedInputComponent* EnhancedInputComponent = CastChecked<UEnhancedInputComponent>(PlayerInputComponent)) {
		
		//Jumping
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(JumpAction, ETriggerEvent::Triggered, this, &ACharacter::Jump);
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(JumpAction, ETriggerEvent::Completed, this, &ACharacter::StopJumping);

		//Moving
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(MoveAction, ETriggerEvent::Triggered, this, &AGASDemoCharacter::Move);

		//Looking
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(LookAction, ETriggerEvent::Triggered, this, &AGASDemoCharacter::Look);

	}

}

void AGASDemoCharacter::Move(const FInputActionValue& Value)
{
	// input is a Vector2D
	FVector2D MovementVector = Value.Get<FVector2D>();

	if (Controller != nullptr)
	{
		// find out which way is forward
		const FRotator Rotation = Controller->GetControlRotation();
		const FRotator YawRotation(0, Rotation.Yaw, 0);

		// get forward vector
		const FVector ForwardDirection = FRotationMatrix(YawRotation).GetUnitAxis(EAxis::X);
	
		// get right vector 
		const FVector RightDirection = FRotationMatrix(YawRotation).GetUnitAxis(EAxis::Y);

		// add movement 
		AddMovementInput(ForwardDirection, MovementVector.Y);
		AddMovementInput(RightDirection, MovementVector.X);
	}
}

void AGASDemoCharacter::Look(const FInputActionValue& Value)
{
	// input is a Vector2D
	FVector2D LookAxisVector = Value.Get<FVector2D>();

	if (Controller != nullptr)
	{
		// add yaw and pitch input to controller
		AddControllerYawInput(LookAxisVector.X);
		AddControllerPitchInput(LookAxisVector.Y);
	}
}