opencv 缩放、平移、旋转、仿射变换和透视变换-08

目录

1.效果图

2. 代码 

2.1 scaling

2.2  translation

2.3 rotate

2.4 affine transformation 

2.5 perspective transformation

3. 变换点坐标集合

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1.效果图

     

       

2. 代码 

2.1 scaling

import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv

"""
https://docs.opencv.org/master/da/d6e/tutorial_py_geometric_transformations.html
"""

img = cv.imread('C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/messi.png', cv.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
rows, cols = img.shape

# (1) scaling
scaled_img1 = cv.resize(img, None, fx=2, fy=2, interpolation=cv.INTER_CUBIC)
# OR
height, width = img.shape[:2]
scaled_img2 = cv.resize(img, (2 * width, 2 * height), interpolation=cv.INTER_CUBIC)

2.2  translation

# (2) translation. x方向移动100, y方向移动50
# cv.warpAffine:  2x3 transformation matrix
M = np.float32([[1, 0, 100], [0, 1, 50]])
translated_img = cv.warpAffine(img, M, (cols, rows))

2.3 rotate

# (3) rotate
# cols-1 and rows-1 are the coordinate limits.
M = cv.getRotationMatrix2D(center=((cols - 1) / 2.0, (rows - 1) / 2.0), angle=45, scale=1)
rotated_img = cv.warpAffine(img, M, (cols, rows))

2.4 affine transformation 

# (4) affine transformation
"""
https://blog.csdn.net/Caesar6666/article/details/104158047
仿射变换的原则是原图上是平行直线，变换后也是平行直线，仿射 = 线性映射 + 平移
为了找到2x3变换矩阵，需要原图的3个点和变换后的3个点；
cv.warpAffine
"""
pts1 = np.float32([[50, 50], [200, 50], [50, 200]])
pts2 = np.float32([[10, 100], [200, 50], [100, 250]])
M = cv.getAffineTransform(src=pts1, dst=pts2)
affine_img = cv.warpAffine(img, M, dsize=(cols, rows))

2.5 perspective transformation

透视变换把一个二维坐标系转换为三维坐标系，然后把三维坐标系投影到新的二维坐标系。
变换后，直线依然是直线。一个平行四边形，经过仿射变换后依然是平行四边形；而经过透视变换后只是一个四边形（不再平行了）；
为了找到3x3变换矩阵，需要原图的4个点和变换后的4个点；

# (5) perspective transformation

pts1 = np.float32([[56, 65], [368, 52], [28, 387], [389, 390]])
pts2 = np.float32([[0, 0], [300, 0], [0, 300], [300, 300]])
M = cv.getPerspectiveTransform(src=pts1, dst=pts2)
perspective_img = cv.warpPerspective(img, M, dsize=(300, 300))

3. 变换点坐标集合

getPerspectiveTransform, perspectiveTransform

void test()
{
    // 定义旧点集合 pts1
    std::vector<cv::Point2f> pts1, pts2;
    pts1.push_back(cv::Point2f(56, 65));
    pts1.push_back(cv::Point2f(368, 52));
    pts1.push_back(cv::Point2f(28, 387));
    pts1.push_back(cv::Point2f(389, 390));

    pts2.push_back(cv::Point2f(0, 0));
    pts2.push_back(cv::Point2f(300, 0));
    pts2.push_back(cv::Point2f(0, 300));
    pts2.push_back(cv::Point2f(300, 300));

    // 计算透视变换矩阵
    cv::Mat matrix = cv::getPerspectiveTransform(pts1, pts2);

    // 定义新的点集合 pts2
    std::vector<cv::Point2f> pts2_new;

    // 对旧点集合应用透视变换矩阵
    cv::perspectiveTransform(pts1, pts2_new, matrix);

    // 打印新的点坐标: 和旧坐标应该是完全一致的
    for (int i = 0; i < pts2_new.size(); i++) {
        std::cout << "New Point: (" << pts2_new[i].x << ", " << pts2_new[i].y << ")" << std::endl;
        std::cout << "Old Point: (" << pts2[i].x << ", " << pts2[i].y << ")" << std::endl;
    }
    return;
}