rust官网

https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result.html

https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.unwrap

学习Rust的朋友可能经常看到Result和Option，虽然不一定直接看到他们本身，但是他们的方法还是常见的，比如:xxx.ok().expect(“…”); 
这个xxx一般就是某个函数返回的Result类型了，下面就详细的讲解下他们的来源

现在看看rust book里的那个guess game，有这么一段： 
http://doc.rust-lang.org/book/guessing-game.html

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">use</span> std::io;

<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(</span>) {
    println!(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Guess the number!"</span>);

    println!(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Please input your guess."</span>);

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">let</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">mut</span> guess = String::new();

    io::stdin().read_line(&<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">mut</span> guess)
        .ok()
        .expect(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Failed to read line"</span>);

    println!(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"You guessed: {}"</span>, guess);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>

前面几行都好理解，我们看看10～12行的几个ok,expect到底是什么

理解这些内容最好的方法就是看源代码，不过大家别慌，不是要你从头开始啃rust所有源码，只需要有针对性的看就可以了 
大家记住下面这个常用的链接，这儿可以查到rust的所有源代码，可以搜索，反应速度非常快： 
https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/

1、io::stdin()

现在从头开始，先看io::stdin()这个是什么

这个网页的最上方就是输入框了，我们一步步来，先输入 io::stdin 
注意：不要加后面括号 
下面就是搜索的结果，可以看到第二行就是我们要找的函数（第一行是结构体，我们要找的是函数） 

点击进去就可以查看源代码了，这个函数声明很简单，只是返回了一个Stdin的结构体 

如果想看源代码就点右上角的那个src，见上图右上角红色框

我们现在不需要去看源代码了，现在看看Stdin的介绍就可以了，看图上左边的红色框里的Stdin是可以点击的，点进去然后找到read_line方法：

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">fn read_line(&mut <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>, buf: &mut String) -> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span><usize>[−]

Locks this handle <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">and</span> reads a line <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">of</span> input <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">into</span> the specified buffer.

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">For</span> detailed semantics <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">of</span> this <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">method</span>, <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">see</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">the</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">documentation</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">on</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">BufRead</span>:</span>:read_line.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

上面是read_line的介绍，我们不去关心他的实现过程了，先看看他返回的类型是：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">Result<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">usize</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

2、Result

点进去看看Result的页面，这个就是这篇blog的重点了

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span><T> = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span><T, Error>;

A <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> results generated <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">by</span> I/O related functions <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">where</span> the Err <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">is</span> hard-wired <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> io::Error.

This typedef <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">is</span> generally used <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> avoid writing <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">out</span> io::Error directly <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">and</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">is</span> otherwise a direct mapping <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">to</span> std::<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">result</span>::<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span>.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

上面的介绍部分说的是io::Result其实是为了书写方便定义的，他用io::Error类型替代了std::result::Result<T,Error>里的Error类型

这样io::Result比std::result::Result更加具体化了，那么写起来也相对简单了，他只可能返回io::Error类型的错误

因为这儿io::Result只是个类型定义，所以我们要去看std::result::Result的源代码，搜索过程就不详述了，具体看源码：

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">pub <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> Result<T, E> {
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-xmlDocTag" style="box-sizing: border-box;">///</span> Contains the success value</span>
    <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]</span>
    Ok(T),

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-xmlDocTag" style="box-sizing: border-box;">///</span> Contains the error value</span>
    <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]</span>
    Err(E)
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

上面就是定义了，可以看到他是个enum，有OK和Err类型，分别对应了Result泛型里的类型T和E，std::result::Result里并没有限制E和T的类型，但是io::Result就把E的类型限制成了io::Error，这个大家注意下就好

说了这么多我们再看看问题

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-label" style="box-sizing: border-box;">io:</span>:stdin()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.read</span>_line(&mut guess)
        <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ok</span>()
        <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.expect</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Failed to read line"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

刚才我们确认了read_line返回的是io::Result<T>类型，那么ok()函数肯定就是Result的一个方法了，继续看std::result::Result的方法实现的源代码：

<code class="hljs coffeescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    pub fn ok<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(self)</span> -></span> Option<T> {
        match self {
            Ok<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(x)</span>  =></span> Some(x),
            Err<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(_)</span> =></span> None,
        }
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

3、Option

可以看到ok函数返回的是Option<T>，还是没有返回我们最终想要的类型T，我们还是先看看ok的代码吧。

其实这个函数非常简单，就是一个match，如果没有出错用Option::Some把我们要的数据用包装下返回；如果出错了就返回Option::None

这样皮球又提到了Option去了…我们再继续查Option:

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">pub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Option</span><T> {
    None,
    Some(T),
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

上面就是Option的定义，也是个enum。其中None顾名思义就是“没有”，他没有包装类型T，所以他真的什么都没。Some带来我们的类型T，所以现在目标已经很静了，只要把T对应的数据弄出来就最终得到了我们要的数据了

继续看这个代码，ok()返回的是Option，那么expect肯定就是Option的方法了

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-label" style="box-sizing: border-box;">io:</span>:stdin()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.read</span>_line(&mut guess)
        <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.ok</span>()
        <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.expect</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Failed to read line"</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

继续看Option源代码，看他方法的实现：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">pub</span> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">expect</span>(</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span>, msg: &<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">str</span>) -> T {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">match</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span> {
            Some(val) => val,
            None => panic!(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"{}"</span>, msg),
        }
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

终于看到想要的返回类型了：T，这个就是我们最终要的数据了，看read_line返回的是io::Result<usize>，所以这儿返回的是一个uszie类型的长度，不过guess game里并没有使用他

可以看到这个函数也是个match，如果是Some能匹配了就把他携带的数据返回；如果是None类型说明这个Option根本就没携带数据，也就是前面的Result出错了，所以会调用panic!宏把你传递进去的字符串打印出来并且退出程序。

4、其他写法

现在绕了一大圈终于找到T了，其实ok().expect(…);这种只是偷懒的写法，出错了直接打印你的字符串就退出程序了。当然有更偷懒的，看std::result::Result的代码：

<code class="hljs coffeescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">pub fn <span class="KSFIND_CLASS_SELECT" id="0KSFindDIV" style="text-align: center; -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902) 0px 1px 3px; border: 0px solid rgb(239, 210, 0); visibility: visible !important; bottom: 0px !important; left: 0px !important; right: 0px !important; top: 0px !important; height: inherit !important; width: inherit !important; float: none !important; color: black !important; display: inline !important; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-top: 2px !important; position: relative !important; z-index: 3000050 !important; border-radius: 3px !important; box-sizing: border-box; background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(239, 210, 0) !important;">unwrap</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(self)</span> -></span> T {
        match self {
            Ok<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(t)</span> =></span> t,
            Err<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(e)</span> =></span>
                panic!(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"called `Result::<span class="KSFIND_CLASS" id="1KSFindDIV" style="text-align: center; -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902) 0px 1px 3px; bottom: 0px !important; left: 0px !important; right: 0px !important; top: 0px !important; height: inherit !important; width: inherit !important; float: none !important; color: black !important; padding: 2px 0px 1px !important; display: inline !important; position: relative !important; z-index: 3000000 !important; box-sizing: border-box; background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(255, 244, 151) !important;">unwrap</span>()` on an `Err` value: {:?}"</span>, e)
        }
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

那么代码就可以写成下面这样就可以了：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-label" style="box-sizing: border-box;">io:</span>:stdin()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.read</span>_line(&mut guess)<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.<span class="KSFIND_CLASS" id="2KSFindDIV" style="text-align: center; -webkit-box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902) 0px 1px 3px; box-sizing: border-box; bottom: 0px !important; left: 0px !important; right: 0px !important; top: 0px !important; height: inherit !important; width: inherit !important; float: none !important; padding: 2px 0px 1px !important; display: inline !important; position: relative !important; z-index: 3000000 !important; background: none 0px 0px repeat scroll rgb(255, 244, 151) !important;">unwrap</span></span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

这个是非常不建议的用法，除非你非常肯定read_line不可能出错

虽然这个read_line结果我们并没有使用，但是还是需要处理一下，不然Result没有处理编译器会给警告的

处理result最直接和直观的方法就是直接match，不需要通过Option中转了：

<code class="hljs coffeescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">match <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">io</span>::stdin().read_line(&mut guess) {
    Ok<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(size)</span>=></span>xxxx,
    Err<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(e)</span>=></span>xxx,
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

xxx处换成你自己的代码就可以了