HDLbits 刷题 --Gatesv

You are given a four-bit input vector in[3:0]. We want to know some relationships between each bit and its neighbour:

• out_both: Each bit of this output vector should indicate whether both the corresponding input bit and its neighbour to the left (higher index) are '1'. For example, out_both[2] should indicate if in[2] and in[3] are both 1. Since in[3] has no neighbour to the left, the answer is obvious so we don't need to know out_both[3].
• out_any: Each bit of this output vector should indicate whether any of the corresponding input bit and its neighbour to the right are '1'. For example, out_any[2] should indicate if either in[2] or in[1] are 1. Since in[0] has no neighbour to the right, the answer is obvious so we don't need to know out_any[0].
• out_different: Each bit of this output vector should indicate whether the corresponding input bit is different from its neighbour to the left. For example, out_different[2] should indicate if in[2] is different from in[3]. For this part, treat the vector as wrapping around, so in[3]'s neighbour to the left is in[0].

译：

        您给出了一个四位输入向量in[3:0]。我们想知道每个位与其相邻位之间的一些关系:

out_both: 此输出向量的每个位应指示相应的输入位及其左侧邻位（较高索引）是否均为'1'。例如，out_both[2]应指示in[2]和in[3]是否都为1。由于in[3]没有左侧邻位，答案是显而易见的，所以我们不需要知道out_both[3]。

out_any: 此输出向量的每个位应指示相应的输入位及其右侧邻位（较低索引）是否有任意一个为'1'。例如，out_any[2]应指示in[2]或in[1]是否有一个为1。由于in[0]没有右侧邻位，答案是显而易见的，所以我们不需要知道out_any[0]。

out_different: 此输出向量的每个位应指示相应的输入位是否与其左侧邻位不同。例如，out_different[2]应指示in[2]是否与in[3]不同。对于此部分，将向量视为环绕，因此in[3]的左侧邻位是in[0]。
 

个人解法：

module top_module( 
    input [3:0] in,
    output [2:0] out_both,
    output [3:1] out_any,
    output [3:0] out_different );
    int i;
    always@(*)begin
        for(i=0;i<4;i++)begin
            if (i<3)begin
                out_both[i]=in[i]&in[i+1];
            end
            if (i>0)begin
                out_any[i]=in[i-1]|in[i];
            end
            if (i<3)begin
                out_different[i]=in[i]^in[i+1];
            end                     
        end
        //out_both[2]=0;
      //  out_any[1]=0;
    	out_different[3]=in[3]^in[0];
    end
                
endmodule

官方解法：

module top_module (
	input [3:0] in,
	output [2:0] out_both,
	output [3:1] out_any,
	output [3:0] out_different
);

	// Use bitwise operators and part-select to do the entire calculation in one line of code
	// in[3:1] is this vector:   					 in[3]  in[2]  in[1]
	// in[2:0] is this vector:   					 in[2]  in[1]  in[0]
	// Bitwise-OR produces a 3 bit vector.			   |      |      |
	// Assign this 3-bit result to out_any[3:1]:	o_a[3] o_a[2] o_a[1]

	// Thus, each output bit is the OR of the input bit and its neighbour to the right:
	// e.g., out_any[1] = in[1] | in[0];	
	// Notice how this works even for long vectors.
	assign out_any = in[3:1] | in[2:0];

	assign out_both = in[2:0] & in[3:1];
	
	// XOR 'in' with a vector that is 'in' rotated to the right by 1 position: {in[0], in[3:1]}
	// The rotation is accomplished by using part selects[] and the concatenation operator{}.
	assign out_different = in ^ {in[0], in[3:1]};
	
endmodule

分析：

        1. 可以直接截取数据长度进行处理

        2. 对于旋转操作，可以采用链接符和截取功能，先截取，然后再排序

官方的写法简洁了很多，个人写法还是受C语言影响大些，第一反应选择了for循环，这里是完全用不到的；

运行结果：