一、简介
利用ExtractIndices滤波器,可以提取出点云中的子集。
二、代码分析
1)首先,需要对所用到的点云格式进行转换:
pcl::PCLPointCloud2::Ptr cloud_blob(new pcl::PCLPointCloud2), cloud_filtered_blob(new pcl::PCLPointCloud2);
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_filtered(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>), cloud_p(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>), cloud_f(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
点云数据之间的区别和转换可以参照这个博主的文章:PCL学习记录-Extra-1 pcl::PCLPointCloud2::Ptr和pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ> 点云格式区别及相互转化_HarwardWu的博客-CSDN博客
2)接着,读取点云数据:
pcl::PCDReader reader;
reader.read("table_scene_lms400.pcd", *cloud_blob);
std::cerr << "PointCloud before filtering: " << cloud_blob->width * cloud_blob->height << " data points." << std::endl;
3)采用体素格(VoxelGrid)滤波器进行下采样:
pcl::VoxelGrid<pcl::PCLPointCloud2> sor;
sor.setInputCloud(cloud_blob);
sor.setLeafSize(0.01f, 0.01f, 0.01f);
sor.filter(*cloud_filtered_blob);//体素滤波(下采样)后的点云放置到cloud_filtered_blob
4)将下采样后的点云保存为模板点云,并进行保存:
// 转化为模板点云
pcl::fromPCLPointCloud2(*cloud_filtered_blob, *cloud_filtered);//将下采样后的点云转换为PoinCloud类型
std::cerr << "PointCloud after filtering: " << cloud_filtered->width * cloud_filtered->height << " data points." << std::endl;
// 将下采样后的数据存入磁盘
pcl::PCDWriter writer;
writer.write<pcl::PointXYZ>("table_scene_lms400_downsampled.pcd", *cloud_filtered, false);
pcl::ModelCoefficients::Ptr coefficients(new pcl::ModelCoefficients());
pcl::PointIndices::Ptr inliers(new pcl::PointIndices()); //创建一个PointIndices结构体指针
5)创建一个分割对象:
// 创建分割对象
pcl::SACSegmentation<pcl::PointXYZ> seg;
// 可选
seg.setOptimizeCoefficients(true); //设置对估计的模型做优化处理
// 必选
seg.setModelType(pcl::SACMODEL_PLANE);//设置分割模型类别
seg.setMethodType(pcl::SAC_RANSAC);//设置使用那个随机参数估计方法
seg.setMaxIterations(1000);//迭代次数
seg.setDistanceThreshold(0.01);//设置是否为模型内点的距离阈值
6)创建ExtractIndices滤波器对象:
// 创建滤波器对象
pcl::ExtractIndices<pcl::PointXYZ> extract;
int i = 0, nr_points = (int)cloud_filtered->points.size();
// 当还多于30%原始点云数据时
while (cloud_filtered->points.size() > 0.3 * nr_points)
{
// 从余下的点云中分割最大平面组成部分
seg.setInputCloud(cloud_filtered);
seg.segment(*inliers, *coefficients);
if (inliers->indices.size() == 0)
{
std::cerr << "Could not estimate a planar model for the given dataset." << std::endl;
break;
}
// 分离内层
extract.setInputCloud(cloud_filtered);
extract.setIndices(inliers);
extract.setNegative(false);
extract.filter(*cloud_p);
std::cerr << "cloud_filtered: " << cloud_filtered->size() << std::endl;//输出提取之后剩余的
std::cerr << "----------------------------------" << std::endl;
//保存
std::cerr << "PointCloud representing the planar component: " << cloud_p->width * cloud_p->height << " data points." << std::endl;
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "table_scene_lms400_plane_" << i << ".pcd"; //对每一次的提取都进行了文件保存
writer.write<pcl::PointXYZ>(ss.str(), *cloud_p, false);
// 创建滤波器对象
extract.setNegative(true);//提取外层
extract.filter(*cloud_f);//将外层的提取结果保存到cloud_f
cloud_filtered.swap(cloud_f);//经cloud_filtered与cloud_f交换
i++;
}
7)多视口显示点云结果:
std::cerr << "cloud_filtered: " << cloud_filtered->size() << std::endl;
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_seg1(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_seg2(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_voxel(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
pcl::io::loadPCDFile("table_scene_lms400_plane_0.pcd", *cloud_seg1);
pcl::io::loadPCDFile("table_scene_lms400_plane_1.pcd", *cloud_seg2);
pcl::io::loadPCDFile("table_scene_lms400_downsampled.pcd", *cloud_voxel);
/*
//将提取结果进行统计学滤波
pcl::StatisticalOutlierRemoval<pcl::PointXYZ> sor1;
sor1.setInputCloud(cloud_seg2);
sor1.setMeanK(50);
sor1.setStddevMulThresh(1);
sor1.filter(*cloud_f);
std::cerr<<cloud_f->size()<<std::endl;
*/
pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer::Ptr viewer(new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer);
viewer->initCameraParameters();
int v1(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0, 0, 0.25, 1, v1);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(0, 0, 255, v1);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color1(cloud_voxel, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_voxel, color1, "cloud_voxel", v1);
int v2(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0.25, 0, 0.5, 1, v2);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(0, 255, 255, v2);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color2(cloud_seg1, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_seg1, color2, "cloud_seg1", v2); //注意id不能一样
int v3(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0.5, 0, 0.75, 1, v3);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(34, 128, 0, v3);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color3(cloud_seg2, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_seg2, color3, "cloud_seg2", v3);
int v4(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0.75, 0, 1, 1, v4);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(0, 0, 255, v4);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color4(cloud_filtered, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_filtered, color4, "cloud_statical", v4);
viewer->addCoordinateSystem();
viewer->spin();
8)整体代码如下:
#include <iostream>
#include <pcl/ModelCoefficients.h>
#include <pcl/io/pcd_io.h>
#include <pcl/point_types.h>
#include <pcl/sample_consensus/method_types.h>
#include <pcl/sample_consensus/model_types.h>
#include <pcl/segmentation/sac_segmentation.h>
#include <pcl/filters/voxel_grid.h>
#include <pcl/filters/extract_indices.h>
#include <pcl/visualization/pcl_visualizer.h>
#include <pcl/filters/statistical_outlier_removal.h>
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
pcl::PCLPointCloud2::Ptr cloud_blob(new pcl::PCLPointCloud2), cloud_filtered_blob(new pcl::PCLPointCloud2); //定义共享指针
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_filtered(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>), cloud_p(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>), cloud_f(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
pcl::PCDReader reader;
reader.read("table_scene_lms400.pcd", *cloud_blob);
std::cerr << "PointCloud before filtering:" << cloud_blob->width * cloud_blob->height << "data points." << std::endl;
pcl::VoxelGrid<pcl::PCLPointCloud2> sor; //定义voxelgrid滤波器
sor.setInputCloud(cloud_blob);
sor.setLeafSize(0.01f, 0.01f, 0.01f);
sor.filter(*cloud_filtered_blob);
std::cerr << "PointCloud after filtering:" << cloud_filtered_blob->width * cloud_filtered_blob->height << "data points." << std::endl;
pcl::fromPCLPointCloud2(*cloud_filtered_blob, *cloud_filtered); //将点云从PointCloud2转换为PointCloudXYZ
std::cerr << "PointCloud after modeling:" << cloud_filtered->width * cloud_filtered->height << "data points." << std::endl;
pcl::PCDWriter writer;
writer.write<pcl::PointXYZ>("table_scene_lms400_downsampled.pcd", *cloud_filtered, false); //下采样后的点云保存
pcl::ModelCoefficients::Ptr coefficients(new pcl::ModelCoefficients());
pcl::PointIndices::Ptr inliers(new pcl::PointIndices());
pcl::SACSegmentation<pcl::PointXYZ> seg; //实例化一个滤波器对象
seg.setOptimizeCoefficients(true);
seg.setModelType(pcl::SACMODEL_PLANE); //滤波对象的模型参数设置为平面
seg.setMethodType(pcl::SAC_RANSAC); //设置使用的随即参数估计方法
seg.setMaxIterations(1000); //设置迭代次数
seg.setDistanceThreshold(0.01); //设置模型内点的距离阈值
pcl::ExtractIndices<pcl::PointXYZ> extract; //创建一个Extract滤波器对象
int i = 0, nr_points = (int)cloud_filtered->points.size();
while (cloud_filtered->points.size() > 0.3 * nr_points) //当过滤后的点云数据大于30%的原始点云数据时
{
seg.setInputCloud(cloud_filtered); //从余下的点云中分割最大平面的组成部分
seg.segment(*inliers, *coefficients);
if (inliers->indices.size() == 0)
{
std::cerr << "Could not estimate a planar model for the given dataset." << std::endl;
break;
}
extract.setInputCloud(cloud_filtered); //分离内层
extract.setIndices(inliers);
extract.setNegative(false);
extract.filter(*cloud_p);
std::cerr << "cloud_filtered:" << cloud_filtered->size() << std::endl;
std::cerr << "-----------------------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cerr << "PointCloud representing the planar compoent:" << cloud_p->width * cloud_p->height << "data points" << std::endl;
std::stringstream ss;
ss << "table_scene_lms400_plane_" << i << ".pcd";
writer.write<pcl::PointXYZ>(ss.str(), *cloud_p, false);
extract.setNegative(true); //提取外层
extract.filter(*cloud_f); //将外层的提取结果保存到cloud_f中
cloud_filtered.swap(cloud_f); //经cloud_filtered与cloud_f进行交换
i++;
}
std::cerr << "cloud_filered:" << cloud_filtered->size() << std::endl;
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_seg1(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>); //新建共享指针
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_seg2(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr cloud_voxel(new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
pcl::io::loadPCDFile("table_scene_lms400_plane_0.pcd", *cloud_seg1); //加载点云数据
pcl::io::loadPCDFile("table_scene_lms400_plane_1.pcd", *cloud_seg2);
pcl::io::loadPCDFile("table_scene_lms400_downsampled.pcd", *cloud_voxel);
pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer::Ptr viewer(new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer);
viewer->initCameraParameters();
int v1(0); //新建视口进行显示
viewer->createViewPort(0, 0, 0.25, 1, v1);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(0, 0, 255, v1);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color1(cloud_voxel, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_voxel, color1, "cloud_voxel", v1);
int v2(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0.25, 0, 0.5, 1, v2);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(0, 255, 255, v2);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color2(cloud_seg1, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_seg1, color2, "cloud_seg1", v2);
int v3(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0.5, 0, 0.75, 1, v3);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(255, 0, 255, v3);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color3(cloud_seg2, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_seg2, color3, "cloud_grid", v3);
int v4(0);
viewer->createViewPort(0.75, 0, 1, 1, v1);
viewer->setBackgroundColor(255, 255, 0, v1);
pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> color4(cloud_filtered, 244, 89, 233);
viewer->addPointCloud(cloud_filtered, color4, "cloud_statical", v4);
viewer->addCoordinateSystem();
viewer->spin();
return(0);
}
三、编译结果