Unity下使用Sqlite

sqlite和access类似是文件形式的数据库，不需要安装任何服务，可以存储数据，使用起来还是挺方便的。

首先需要安装DLL

需要的DLL

我们找到下面两个文件放入Plugins目录
Mono.Data.Sqlite.dll
System.Data.dll
DLL文件位于Unity的安装目录下的
2022.3.14f1c1\Editor\Data\MonoBleedingEdge\lib\mono\unityjit-win32

另外还需要sqlite3.dll
在官网下载sqlite3.dll也放入Plugins

使用Sqlite

网上有网友写的SQLiteHelper，方便数据库操作，这里直接Copy了。

using UnityEngine;
using Mono.Data.Sqlite;
using System;


public class SQLiteHelper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 数据库连接定义
    /// </summary>
    private SqliteConnection dbConnection;

    /// <summary>
    /// SQL命令定义
    /// </summary>
    private SqliteCommand dbCommand;

    /// <summary>
    /// 数据读取定义
    /// </summary>
    private SqliteDataReader dataReader;

    /// <summary>
    /// 构造函数   
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接字符串</param>
    public SQLiteHelper(string connectionString)
    {
        try
        {
            //构造数据库连接
            dbConnection = new SqliteConnection(connectionString);
            //打开数据库
            dbConnection.Open();
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Debug.Log(e.ToString());
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 执行SQL命令
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The query.</returns>
    /// <param name="queryString">SQL命令字符串</param>
    public SqliteDataReader ExecuteQuery(string queryString)
    {
        dbCommand = dbConnection.CreateCommand();
        dbCommand.CommandText = queryString;
        dataReader = dbCommand.ExecuteReader();
        return dataReader;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 关闭数据库连接
    /// </summary>
    public void CloseConnection()
    {
        //销毁Command
        if (dbCommand != null)
        {
            dbCommand.Cancel();
        }
        dbCommand = null;

        //销毁Reader
        if (dataReader != null)
        {
            dataReader.Close();
        }
        dataReader = null;

        //销毁Connection
        if (dbConnection != null)
        {
            dbConnection.Close();
        }
        dbConnection = null;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 读取整张数据表
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The full table.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">数据表名称</param>
    public SqliteDataReader ReadFullTable(string tableName)
    {
        string queryString = "SELECT * FROM " + tableName;
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 向指定数据表中插入数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The values.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">数据表名称</param>
    /// <param name="values">插入的数值</param>
    public SqliteDataReader InsertValues(string tableName, string[] values)
    {
        //获取数据表中字段数目
        int fieldCount = ReadFullTable(tableName).FieldCount;
        //当插入的数据长度不等于字段数目时引发异常
        if (values.Length != fieldCount)
        {
            throw new SqliteException("values.Length!=fieldCount");
        }

        string queryString = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + " VALUES (" + values[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < values.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += ", " + values[i];
        }
        queryString += " )";
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 更新指定数据表内的数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The values.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">数据表名称</param>
    /// <param name="colNames">字段名</param>
    /// <param name="colValues">字段名相应的数据</param>
    /// <param name="key">关键字</param>
    /// <param name="value">关键字相应的值</param>
    public SqliteDataReader UpdateValues(string tableName, string[] colNames, string[] colValues, string key, string operation, string value)
    {
        //当字段名称和字段数值不正确应时引发异常
        if (colNames.Length != colValues.Length)
        {
            throw new SqliteException("colNames.Length!=colValues.Length");
        }

        string queryString = "UPDATE " + tableName + " SET " + colNames[0] + "=" + colValues[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < colValues.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += ", " + colNames[i] + "=" + colValues[i];
        }
        queryString += " WHERE " + key + operation + value;
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 删除指定数据表内的数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The values.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">数据表名称</param>
    /// <param name="colNames">字段名</param>
    /// <param name="colValues">字段名相应的数据</param>
    public SqliteDataReader DeleteValuesOR(string tableName, string[] colNames, string[] operations, string[] colValues)
    {
        //当字段名称和字段数值不正确应时引发异常
        if (colNames.Length != colValues.Length || operations.Length != colNames.Length || operations.Length != colValues.Length)
        {
            throw new SqliteException("colNames.Length!=colValues.Length || operations.Length!=colNames.Length || operations.Length!=colValues.Length");
        }

        string queryString = "DELETE FROM " + tableName + " WHERE " + colNames[0] + operations[0] + colValues[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < colValues.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += "OR " + colNames[i] + operations[0] + colValues[i];
        }
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 删除指定数据表内的数据
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The values.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">数据表名称</param>
    /// <param name="colNames">字段名</param>
    /// <param name="colValues">字段名相应的数据</param>
    public SqliteDataReader DeleteValuesAND(string tableName, string[] colNames, string[] operations, string[] colValues)
    {
        //当字段名称和字段数值不正确应时引发异常
        if (colNames.Length != colValues.Length || operations.Length != colNames.Length || operations.Length != colValues.Length)
        {
            throw new SqliteException("colNames.Length!=colValues.Length || operations.Length!=colNames.Length || operations.Length!=colValues.Length");
        }

        string queryString = "DELETE FROM " + tableName + " WHERE " + colNames[0] + operations[0] + colValues[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < colValues.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += " AND " + colNames[i] + operations[i] + colValues[i];
        }
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 创建数据表
    /// </summary> +
    /// <returns>The table.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">数据表名</param>
    /// <param name="colNames">字段名</param>
    /// <param name="colTypes">字段名类型</param>
    public SqliteDataReader CreateTable(string tableName, string[] colNames, string[] colTypes)
    {
        string queryString = "CREATE TABLE " + tableName + "( " + colNames[0] + " " + colTypes[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < colNames.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += ", " + colNames[i] + " " + colTypes[i];
        }
        queryString += "  ) ";
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Reads the table.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The table.</returns>
    /// <param name="tableName">Table name.</param>
    /// <param name="items">Items.</param>
    /// <param name="colNames">Col names.</param>
    /// <param name="operations">Operations.</param>
    /// <param name="colValues">Col values.</param>
    public SqliteDataReader ReadTable(string tableName, string[] items, string[] colNames, string[] operations, string[] colValues)
    {
        string queryString = "SELECT " + items[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < items.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += ", " + items[i];
        }
        queryString += " FROM " + tableName + " WHERE " + colNames[0] + " " + operations[0] + " " + colValues[0];
        for (int i = 0; i < colNames.Length; i++)
        {
            queryString += " AND " + colNames[i] + " " + operations[i] + " " + colValues[0] + " ";
        }
        return ExecuteQuery(queryString);
    }
}

调用：

//创建名为sqlite4unity的数据库
sql = new SQLiteHelper("data source=" + Application.dataPath + "/game.db");

//创建名为table1的数据表
sql.CreateTable("table1", new string[] { "ID", "Name", "Age", "Email" }, new string[] { "INTEGER", "TEXT", "INTEGER", "TEXT" });

//插入两条数据
sql.InsertValues("table1", new string[] { "'1'", "'张三'", "'22'", "'Zhang3@163.com'" });
sql.InsertValues("table1", new string[] { "'2'", "'李四'", "'25'", "'Li4@163.com'" });

//更新数据。将Name="张三"的记录中的Name改为"Zhang3"
sql.UpdateValues("table1", new string[] { "Name" }, new string[] { "'Zhang3'" }, "Name", "=", "'张三'");

//插入3条数据
sql.InsertValues("table1", new string[] { "3", "'王五'", "25", "'Wang5@163.com'" });
sql.InsertValues("table1", new string[] { "4", "'王五'", "26", "'Wang5@163.com'" });
sql.InsertValues("table1", new string[] { "5", "'王五'", "27", "'Wang5@163.com'" });

//删除Name="王五"且Age=26的记录,DeleteValuesOR方法相似
sql.DeleteValuesAND("table1", new string[] { "Name", "Age" }, new string[] { "=", "=" }, new string[] { "'王五'", "'26'" });

//读取整张表
SqliteDataReader reader = sql.ReadFullTable("table1");
while (reader.Read())
{
    //读取ID
    Debug.Log(reader.GetInt32(reader.GetOrdinal("ID")));
    //读取Name
    Debug.Log(reader.GetString(reader.GetOrdinal("Name")));
    //读取Age
    Debug.Log(reader.GetInt32(reader.GetOrdinal("Age")));
    //读取Email
    Debug.Log(reader.GetString(reader.GetOrdinal("Email")));
}

//读取数据表中Age>=25的全部记录的ID和Name
reader = sql.ReadTable("table1", new string[] { "ID", "Name" }, new string[] { "Age" }, new string[] { ">=" }, new string[] { "'25'" });
while (reader.Read())
{
    //读取ID
    Debug.Log(reader.GetInt32(reader.GetOrdinal("ID")));
    //读取Name
    Debug.Log(reader.GetString(reader.GetOrdinal("Name")));
}

//自己定义SQL,删除数据表中全部Name="王五"的记录
sql.ExecuteQuery("DELETE FROM table1 WHERE NAME='王五'");

//关闭数据库连接
sql.CloseConnection();

管理数据的UI软件

打开数据的免费软件可以用DB Browser for SQLite，一个免费的。

引用和参考

本文参考文献连接：

Unity3D游戏开发之SQLite让数据库开发更简单

找Dll，参考这里