孙广东 2016.1.1
交互:
C# 执行Python代码:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11779143/run-a-python-script-from-c-sharp
反着来:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3260015/run-a-c-sharp-application-from-python-script
Python语言的特点:
高级语言
内置电池(大量的标准库)
解释型(有时JIT编译)
面向对象(尤其是Python 3)
强类型动态语义
语法强调可读性
支持重用通过模块和包
Python程序的“形状” :
Python定义代码块(在Python中使用 空格 和 冒号)。
看一个 Demo:
import random
def get_days():
# List<string> days = new List<sting>();
# days[]
days = ['mon','tues','wed','thurs','fri','sat','sun']
return days
def get_random_report():
weather = ['sunny', 'lovely','cold']
return weather[ random.randint(0, len(weather) - 1)]
def main():
days = get_days()
for day in days:
report = get_random_report()
print("On {0} it will be {1}.".format(day, report))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
C# 都有什么呢?
一、 Everything is an object (一切皆对象)
C# :
class Document: object
{
public void Serialize()
{
// ...
}
public override string ToString()
{
return "I am a document ";
}
}
Python:
class Document(object):
def serialize(self):
print("太好了!")
def __str__(self):
return "I am a document."
二、IEnumerable + foreach loops
C# :
int[] numbers = new[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
foreach (var n in numbers)
{
Console.Write(n + ",");
}
class ShoppingCart : IEnumerable<Tuple<string, float>>
{
List<Tuple<string, float>> cartItems = new List<Tuple<string, float>>();
public void Add(string name, float price)
{
cartItems.Add(new Tuple<string, float>(name, price));
}
public IEnumerator<Tuple<string, float>> GetEnumerator()
{
return cartItems.GetEnumerator();
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return cartItems.GetEnumerator();
}
}
Python :
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
for n in numbers:
print(n, end=',')
for v in enumerate(numbers):
print(v, end=',')
for index, k in enumerate(numbers):
print(k, end=',')
class CarItem:
def __init__(self, name, price):
self.price = price
self.name = name
def __repr__(self):
return "({0}, ${1})".format(self.name, self.price)
class ShoppingCart:
def __init__(self):
self.__items = []
def add(self, cart_item):
self.__items.append(cart_item)
def __iter__(self):
return self.__items.__iter__()
print()
print()
cart = ShoppingCart()
cart.add(CarItem("CD", 19.99))
cart.add(CarItem("Record", 17.99))
for item in cart.items:
print(item)
三、Properties (int Age {get; set;})
C# :
class ShoppingCart
{
List<Tuple<string, float>> cartItems = new List<Tuple<string, float>>();
public float TotalPrice
{
get
{
float total = 0;
foreach (var item in cartItems)
{
total += item.Item2;
}
return total;
}
}
}
Python :
class ShoppingCart: @property def total_price(self): total = 0.0 for item in self.__items: total += item.price return total
print("Total price is ${0:,}".format(cart.total_price))
四、Anonymous types (匿名类型)
C#:
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
var o = new
{
Id = 2,
Registered = true
};
Console.WriteLine(o);
if (o.Registered)
{
Console.WriteLine("They are registered...");
}
}
python:
class AnonObject(dict):
__getattr__ = dict.get
__setattr__ = dict.__setitem__
person = {
"name": "Michael",
"age": 40
}
anonPerson = AnonObject(name = "Michael", age=40)
print(anonPerson)
print(anonPerson["name"])
print(anonPerson.name)
print(anonPerson.age)
五、Lambda expressions
C#:
private static IEnumerable<int> FindNumbers(Predicate<int> predicate)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
if (predicate(i))
{
yield return i;
}
}
}
private IEnumerable<int> nums = FindNumbers(n => n%11 == 0);
// [0, 11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99]
python:
def get_numbers(limit, predicate):
for n in range(0, limit):
if predicate(n):
yield n
def divide_by_ll(n):
return n % 11 == 0
output = list(get_numbers(40, divide_by_ll))
print(output)
def get_numbers(limit, predicate):
for n in range(0, limit):
if predicate(n):
yield n
# def divide_by_ll(n):
# return n % 11 == 0
output = list(get_numbers(40,lambda n : n % 11 ==0 ))
print(output)
六、NuGET package management
七、Entity Framework 》ORMs
八、ASP.NET MVC
九、LINQ
C# :
var older =
from p in people
where p.age > 30
orderby p.age descending
select new { age = p.age, name = p.name }
python:
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age, hobby):
self.hobby = hobby
self.name = name
self.age = age
def __repr__(self):
return "{0} is {1} and likes {2}".format(self.name, self.age, self.hobby)
class AnonObject(dict):
__getattr__ = dict.get
__setattr__ = dict.__setitem__
people = [
Person("Jeff", 50, "Biking"),
Person("Michael", 40, "Biking"),
Person("Saerh", 30, "Running"),
Person("Tony", 24, "Jogging"),
Person("Zoe", 12, "TV"),
]
bikers = [
AnonObject(Name = p.name, PastTime = p.hobby)
for p in people
if p.hobby == "Biking"
]
bikers.sort(key=lambda p:p.Name)
for b in bikers:
print(b)
十、Iterator methods / yield return
C#:
private static IEnumerable<int> FibonacciGenerator()
{
int current = 1;
int next = 1;
yield return current;
while (true)
{
int temp = current + next;
current = next;
next = temp;
yield return current;
}
}
python:
def fibinnoci():
current = 0
nxt = 1
while True:
current, nxt = nxt, current + nxt
#print("Generating" + str(current))
yield current
for n in fibinnoci():
if n > 200:
break
print(n, end=', ')
# 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144,
十一、JIT compilation