Unity HttpClient 之 使用MultipartFormDataContent 发起 内容类型为 multipart/form-data 的数据 Post 请求(正常与流式响应处理)
目录
Unity HttpClient 之 使用MultipartFormDataContent 发起 内容类型为 multipart/form-data 的数据 Post 请求(正常与流式响应处理)
一、简单介绍
Unity 在开发中，网络访问：
可以使用 UnityWebRequest 访问，不过好似只能用协程的方式，并且访问只能在主线程中；
所以这里使用 C# 中的 HttpClient，进行网络访问，而且 HttpClient，允许在子线程中访问，在一些情况下可以大大减少主线程的网络访问压力；
这里使用 HttpClient，进行 Post 访问，发请Content-Type内容类型为 multipart/form-data 的请求，并且Task 结合 async （await） 的进行异步访问，最后使用正常方式以及 Stream 流式的形式获取数据，在这里做一个简单的记录，以便后期使用的时候参考。
示例请求参数如下：
1）Header参数：
参数名 参数值 参数类型 必填 备注 Content-Type
multipart/form-data
String
是
2）Body参数：
参数名 参数类型 备注 是否必填 id
Integer
应用id
必填
conversationId
String
对话id
必填
deviceId
String
设备号Id
必填
text
String
对话内容
必填
file
File
文件
必填
type
String
对话类型 "text"：文本, "image"：图片
必填
二、实现原理
1、HttpClient 创建 Http 客户体
2、MultipartFormDataContent 创建 multipart/form-data 数据体，文件使用注意转为二进制数组（ByteArrayContent）
3、使用 HttpClient.PostAsync 发起请求，HttpResponseMessage 接收结果
4、其中 HttpResponseMessage.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result 接收正常的数据结果
5、其中 Stream stream = await HttpResponseMessage.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync()流式获取数据，然后 StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream) 和
string line = await reader.ReadLineAsync() 流式读取解析每一行数据
三、注意事项
1、根据服务端返回数据的形式，选择合适的读取响应的数据
2、实现形式仅供参考，如有更好的可以留言讨论
四、示例效果
五、示例实现简单步骤
1、创建一个 Unity工程，添加一个空物体用来挂载测试脚本
2、添加脚本，实现 HttpClient 发起 multipart/form-data Post 请求，包括异步发起和流式接收响应数据
3、把测试脚本挂载到场景物体上
4、运行场景，可以看到打印信息
六、关键脚本
1、HttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest
using System.IO;
using System;
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
/// <summary>
/// 对话响应结果
/// </summary>
public class ResponeseResult {
public string ThreadId { get; set; }
public string ChatAnswer { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Http Client 发起 Content-Type 内容类型 multipart / form - data 的请求 实例类
/// </summary>
public class HttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest : Singleton<HttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest>, IHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest
{
#region Data
/// <summary>
/// TAG
/// </summary>
const string TAG = "[GptChatHttpWebRequest] ";
/// <summary>
/// 网址 URL_BASE
/// </summary>
const string URL_BASE = "https://YourHttpURL.com";
/// <summary>
/// URL_VERSION
/// </summary>
const string URL_VERSION = "/xrlauncherhwapi/v1";
/// <summary>
/// URL_TARGET
/// </summary>
const string URL_TARGET = "/gpts/chat";
/// <summary>
/// URL
/// </summary>
string URL = URL_BASE + URL_VERSION + URL_TARGET;
#endregion
#region SendChatRequest
/// <summary>
/// 发起对话请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="filepath"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public ResponeseResult SendChatRequest(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, string filepath, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
Dictionary<string, object> keyValues = DataToDictionary(id, conversationId, deviceId, chatAsk, type);
return PostFormData(URL, keyValues, filepath, filename, onSuccess, onFailed);
}
/// <summary>
/// 发起对话请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="fileBinaryData"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public ResponeseResult SendChatRequest(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, byte[] fileBinaryData, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
Dictionary<string, object> keyValues = DataToDictionary(id,conversationId,deviceId,chatAsk,type);
return PostFormData(URL, keyValues, fileBinaryData, filename, onSuccess, onFailed);
}
/// <summary>
/// Post multipart/form-data 数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"><服务器地址>
/// <param name="dic"></param>
/// <param name="filepath"><文件的本地储存地址:包括文件名>
/// <param name="filename"><文件的名字>
/// <returns></returns>
private ResponeseResult PostFormData(string url, Dictionary<string, object> dic, string filepath, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
return PostFormData(url, dic, File.ReadAllBytes(filepath), filename, onSuccess, onFailed);
}
/// <summary>
/// Post multipart/form-data 数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"></param>
/// <param name="dic"></param>
/// <param name="fileBinaryData"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private ResponeseResult PostFormData(string url, Dictionary<string, object> dic, byte[] fileBinaryData, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
Debug.Log(TAG + " PostFormData fileBinaryData.Length " + fileBinaryData.Length);
string str = "";
ResponeseResult chatResponeseResult = null;
try
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
var postContent = new MultipartFormDataContent();
string boundary = string.Format("--{0}", DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"));
postContent.Headers.Add("ContentType", $"multipart/form-data, boundary={boundary}");
string filekeyname = "file";
postContent.Add(new ByteArrayContent(fileBinaryData), filekeyname, filename);
foreach (var key in dic.Keys)
{
postContent.Add(new StringContent(dic[key].ToString()), key);
}
Debug.Log(TAG + " PostFormData Url " + url);
HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsync(url, postContent).Result;
str = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
Debug.Log(TAG + " PostFormData response Content " + str);
chatResponeseResult = HandleResult(str);
onSuccess?.Invoke(chatResponeseResult);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.LogError(TAG + "PostJsonData:" + ex.ToString());
onFailed?.Invoke(ex.ToString());
}
return chatResponeseResult;
}
/// <summary>
/// 拼凑数据结果
/// </summary>
/// <param name="content"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private ResponeseResult HandleResult(string content) {
// 将字符串按换行符分割成多行
string[] lines = content.Split("data");
Debug.Log(TAG + " HandleResult lines.Length " + lines.Length);
// 存储结果的列表
List<string> texts = new List<string>();
// 存储结果的列表
List<string> threadIds = new List<string>();
// 遍历每一行，提取包含 "text":"xx" 的行中的文本内容
foreach (string line in lines)
{
if (line.Contains("text"))
{
int startIndex = line.IndexOf("text") + 7; // 找到 "text":" 的位置
int endIndex = line.IndexOf("\"", startIndex); // 找到下一个引号位置
string text = line.Substring(startIndex, endIndex - startIndex);
texts.Add(text);
}
if (line.Contains("thread_id"))
{
int startIndex = line.IndexOf("thread_id") + 12; // 找到 "thread_id":" 的位置
int endIndex = line.IndexOf("\"", startIndex); // 找到下一个引号位置
string threadId = line.Substring(startIndex, endIndex - startIndex);
threadIds.Add(threadId);
}
}
string stringBuilder = "";
// 输出结果
foreach (string text in texts)
{
stringBuilder += (text);
}
Debug.Log(TAG + " result text " + stringBuilder);
return new ResponeseResult() { ThreadId = threadIds.Count > 1 ? threadIds[0] : "", ChatAnswer = string.IsNullOrEmpty(stringBuilder) ? "The server returns empty data" : stringBuilder };
}
#endregion
#region SendChatRequestStream
/// <summary>
/// 流式处理数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="filepath"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onResponesingGettingData"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
public void SendChatRequestStream(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, string filepath, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onResponesingGettingData, Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
Dictionary<string, object> keyValues = DataToDictionary(id, conversationId, deviceId, chatAsk, type);
PostFormDataStreamAsync(URL, keyValues, File.ReadAllBytes(filepath), filename, onResponesingGettingData, onSuccess, onFailed);
}
/// <summary>
/// 流式处理数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="fileBinaryData"></param>
/// <param name=""></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onResponesingGettingData"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
public void SendChatRequestStream(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, byte[] fileBinaryData, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onResponesingGettingData, Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
Dictionary<string, object> keyValues = DataToDictionary(id, conversationId, deviceId, chatAsk, type);
PostFormDataStreamAsync(URL, keyValues, fileBinaryData, filename, onResponesingGettingData, onSuccess, onFailed);
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步流式处理数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url"></param>
/// <param name="dic"></param>
/// <param name="fileBinaryData"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onResponesingGettingData"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
private async void PostFormDataStreamAsync(string url, Dictionary<string, object> dic, byte[] fileBinaryData, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onResponesingGettingData, Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed)
{
Debug.Log(TAG + " PostFormDataStreamAsync fileBinaryData.Length " + fileBinaryData.Length);
try
{
using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
using (var postContent = new MultipartFormDataContent())
{
string boundary = string.Format("--{0}", DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"));
postContent.Headers.Add("ContentType", $"multipart/form-data, boundary={boundary}");
string filekeyname = "file";
postContent.Add(new ByteArrayContent(fileBinaryData), filekeyname, filename);
foreach (var key in dic.Keys)
{
postContent.Add(new StringContent(dic[key].ToString()), key);
Debug.Log(TAG + $" PostFormDataStreamAsync StringContent {key} : {dic[key].ToString()} ");
}
Debug.Log(TAG + " PostFormDataStreamAsync Url " + url);
// 使用异步方法发送请求
using (HttpResponseMessage response = await client.PostAsync(url, postContent))
{
// 检查响应是否成功
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
// 使用异步方法读取响应流
using (Stream stream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync())
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream))
{
ResponeseResult rslt = new ResponeseResult();
// 读取每一行并实时处理
while (!reader.EndOfStream)
{
string line = await reader.ReadLineAsync();
// 处理当前行的数据
ResponeseResult tmp = ProcessResponseLine(line, onResponesingGettingData);
if (tmp != null) { rslt.ThreadId = tmp.ThreadId; rslt.ChatAnswer += tmp.ChatAnswer; }
}
// 处理响应
//chatResponeseResult = HandleResult(str);
onSuccess?.Invoke(rslt);
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.LogError(TAG + "PostFormDataStreamAsync:" + ex.ToString());
onFailed?.Invoke(ex.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 处理单条数据 (根据自己的数据形式处理)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="line"></param>
/// <param name="onChatResponesingGettingResult"></param>
private ResponeseResult ProcessResponseLine(string line, Action<ResponeseResult> onChatResponesingGettingResult)
{
// 在这里处理每一行的数据
Debug.Log(TAG + " ProcessResponseLine: Response Line: " + line);
ResponeseResult rslt = null;
if (line.Contains("event:close")) { }
// 可以根据实际需求进行处理
if (line.Contains("text"))
{
int startIndex = line.IndexOf("text") + 7; // 找到 "text":" 的位置
int endIndex = line.IndexOf("\"", startIndex); // 找到下一个引号位置
string text = line.Substring(startIndex, endIndex - startIndex);
string threadId = "";
if (line.Contains("thread_id"))
{
int startIndex_S = line.IndexOf("thread_id") + 12; // 找到 "thread_id":" 的位置
int endIndex_S = line.IndexOf("\"", startIndex_S); // 找到下一个引号位置
threadId = line.Substring(startIndex_S, endIndex_S - startIndex_S);
}
Debug.Log(TAG + $" ProcessResponseLine: text {text}, threadId {threadId} ");
rslt = new ResponeseResult() { ThreadId = threadId, ChatAnswer = text };
onChatResponesingGettingResult.Invoke(rslt);
return rslt;
}
return rslt;
}
#endregion
#region Other
/// <summary>
/// 数据转为字典像是
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
Dictionary<string, object> DataToDictionary(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type)
{
Dictionary<string, object> keyValues = new Dictionary<string, object>();
keyValues.Add("id", id);//id 是服务器返回的凭证 这里的凭证只是针对这个项目后端人员定义的
keyValues.Add("conversationId", conversationId);//conversationId 这里的凭证只是针对这个项目后端人员定义的
keyValues.Add("deviceId", deviceId);//deviceId 这里的凭证只是针对这个项目后端人员定义的
keyValues.Add("text", chatAsk);//text 这里的凭证只是针对这个项目后端人员定义的
keyValues.Add("type", type);//type 这里的凭证只是针对这个项目后端人员定义的
return keyValues;
}
#endregion
}
2、IHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest
using System;
/// <summary>
/// Http Client 发起 Content-Type 内容类型 multipart / form - data 的请求 接口类
/// </summary>
public interface IHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest
{
/// <summary>
/// 发起对话请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="filepath"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
ResponeseResult SendChatRequest(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, string filepath, string filename, Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed);
/// <summary>
/// 发起对话请求
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="fileBinaryData"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
ResponeseResult SendChatRequest(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, byte[] fileBinaryData, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed);
/// <summary>
/// 流式处理数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="filepath"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onResponesingGettingData"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
void SendChatRequestStream(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, string filepath, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onResponesingGettingData, Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed);
/// <summary>
/// 流式处理数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <param name="conversationId"></param>
/// <param name="deviceId"></param>
/// <param name="chatAsk"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="fileBinaryData"></param>
/// <param name=""></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="onResponesingGettingData"></param>
/// <param name="onSuccess"></param>
/// <param name="onFailed"></param>
void SendChatRequestStream(int id, string conversationId, string deviceId, string chatAsk, string type, byte[] fileBinaryData, string filename,
Action<ResponeseResult> onResponesingGettingData, Action<ResponeseResult> onSuccess, Action<string> onFailed);
}
3、TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest
using UnityEngine;
public class TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest : MonoBehaviour
{
// Start is called before the first frame update
void Start()
{
//TestNormal();
TestStream();
}
void TestNormal() {
int id = 1;
string conversationId = "";
string deviceId = "abcdef";
string chatAsk = "你平时喜欢做什么";
string type = "text";
string filepath = "E:\\YourPath\\Imgs\\CameraImag.png";
string filename = "CameraImag.png";
HttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest.Instance.SendChatRequest(
id, conversationId, deviceId, chatAsk, type, filepath, filename, (rlt) => {
Debug.Log($" TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest ThreadId = {rlt.ThreadId}, ChatAnswer = {rlt.ChatAnswer}");
}, (error) => {
Debug.Log($" TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest Fail error = " + error);
});
}
void TestStream() {
int id = 1;
string conversationId = "";
string deviceId = "abcdef";
string chatAsk = "你平时喜欢做什么";
string type = "text";
string filepath = "E:\\YourPath\\Imgs\\CameraImag.png";
string filename = "CameraImag.png";
HttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest.Instance.SendChatRequestStream(
id, conversationId, deviceId, chatAsk, type, filepath, filename, (rlt) => {
Debug.Log($" TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest ThreadId = {rlt.ThreadId}, ChatAnswer = {rlt.ChatAnswer}");
}, (rslt) => {
Debug.Log($" TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest Fail success : ThreadId {rslt.ThreadId}, ChatAnswer {rslt.ChatAnswer}" );
}, (error) => {
Debug.Log($" TestHttpClientMultipartFormDataContentRequest Fail error = " + error);
});
}
}
4、Singleton
using System;
/// <summary>
/// 单例脚本
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
public abstract class Singleton<T> where T : Singleton<T>
{
private static T m_Instance;
private static object m_Locker = new object();
public static T Instance
{
get
{
if (m_Instance == null)
{
lock (m_Locker)
{
if (m_Instance == null)
{
m_Instance = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
m_Instance.OnSingletonInit();
}
}
}
return m_Instance;
}
}
protected virtual void OnSingletonInit()
{
}
}
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