AXI4总线-axi-full-slave IP程序解析

下一节：AXI4总线-axi-full-master IP程序解析_北纬二六的博客-CSDN博客

axi4-full-slave总线接口IP创建

      本次使用的是vivado2019.1版本作为演示学习。如果懒的话，结尾处也有工程提供下载。

新建IP过程如图1所示：

选择创建AXI互联接口：

配置如下所示，选择slave从机，选择full模式，数据总线为32Byte，缓存空间64Byte。本次只作为验证，后期这些根据自己的需求来改改变即可。

 

下面只需要勾选第三个即可，快速验证IP

接下来点击finish即可完成IP的生成，观察vivado的block design中可以看出，已经搭建好了如下图所示的模块化设计。

 

在目录下寻找到该文件并打开，我们查看AXIslave内部的接口控制代码：

 

首先看awready的信号拉高条件，在写之前检测到对方有效，都是会拉高的，主机写完最后一个数据后检测到输入WLAST就会拉低。

接下来是关于地址的变化，也就是写地址的变化，和之前的设置有关，可以看状态机内部代表的三种地址自增，保持，回归的三种模式。

// Implement axi_awaddr latching

	// This process is used to latch the address when both 
	// S_AXI_AWVALID and S_AXI_WVALID are valid. 

	always @( posedge S_AXI_ACLK )
	begin
	  if ( S_AXI_ARESETN == 1'b0 )
	    begin
	      axi_awaddr <= 0;
	      axi_awlen_cntr <= 0;
	      axi_awburst <= 0;
	      axi_awlen <= 0;
	    end 
	  else
	    begin    
	      if (~axi_awready && S_AXI_AWVALID && ~axi_awv_awr_flag)
	        begin
	          // address latching 
	          axi_awaddr <= S_AXI_AWADDR[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:0];  
	           axi_awburst <= S_AXI_AWBURST; 
	           axi_awlen <= S_AXI_AWLEN;     
	          // start address of transfer
	          axi_awlen_cntr <= 0;
	        end   
	      else if((axi_awlen_cntr <= axi_awlen) && axi_wready && S_AXI_WVALID)        
	        begin

	          axi_awlen_cntr <= axi_awlen_cntr + 1;

	          case (axi_awburst)
	            2'b00: // fixed burst
	            // The write address for all the beats in the transaction are fixed
	              begin
	                axi_awaddr <= axi_awaddr;          
	                //for awsize = 4 bytes (010)
	              end   
	            2'b01: //incremental burst
	            // The write address for all the beats in the transaction are increments by awsize
	              begin
	                axi_awaddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] <= axi_awaddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] + 1;
	                //awaddr aligned to 4 byte boundary
	                axi_awaddr[ADDR_LSB-1:0]  <= {ADDR_LSB{1'b0}};   
	                //for awsize = 4 bytes (010)
	              end   
	            2'b10: //Wrapping burst
	            // The write address wraps when the address reaches wrap boundary 
	              if (aw_wrap_en)
	                begin
	                  axi_awaddr <= (axi_awaddr - aw_wrap_size); 
	                end
	              else 
	                begin
	                  axi_awaddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] <= axi_awaddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] + 1;
	                  axi_awaddr[ADDR_LSB-1:0]  <= {ADDR_LSB{1'b0}}; 
	                end                      
	            default: //reserved (incremental burst for example)
	              begin
	                axi_awaddr <= axi_awaddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] + 1;
	                //for awsize = 4 bytes (010)
	              end
	          endcase              
	        end
	    end 
	end    

 接下来看axi_wready,也就是从机返回给主机在写数据时候的准备好信号：

// axi_wready is asserted for one S_AXI_ACLK clock cycle when both
	// S_AXI_AWVALID and S_AXI_WVALID are asserted. axi_wready is 
	// de-asserted when reset is low. 

	always @( posedge S_AXI_ACLK )
	begin
	  if ( S_AXI_ARESETN == 1'b0 )
	    begin
	      axi_wready <= 1'b0;
	    end 
	  else
	    begin    
	      if ( ~axi_wready && S_AXI_WVALID && axi_awv_awr_flag)
	        begin
	          // slave can accept the write data
	          axi_wready <= 1'b1;
	        end
	      //else if (~axi_awv_awr_flag)
	      else if (S_AXI_WLAST && axi_wready)
	        begin
	          axi_wready <= 1'b0;
	        end
	    end 
	end       

 主机写有效的时候才会将准备好信号拉高，并且WALID会持续一次突发有效的长度，并且在Wlast被从机检测到后，后续的wready就不在拉高。

后续是bvalid和bresp信号，这是从机反馈给主机的接收完毕信号，相当于应答信号。在接收完主机发送的最后一个数据后紧随其后发送一个bvalid高电平，bresp=2‘b00为“OK”。

always @( posedge S_AXI_ACLK )
	begin
	  if ( S_AXI_ARESETN == 1'b0 )
	    begin
	      axi_bvalid <= 0;
	      axi_bresp <= 2'b0;
	      axi_buser <= 0;
	    end 
	  else
	    begin    
	      if (axi_awv_awr_flag && axi_wready && S_AXI_WVALID && ~axi_bvalid && S_AXI_WLAST )
	        begin
	          axi_bvalid <= 1'b1;
	          axi_bresp  <= 2'b0; 
	          // 'OKAY' response 
	        end                   
	      else
	        begin
	          if (S_AXI_BREADY && axi_bvalid) 
	          //check if bready is asserted while bvalid is high) 
	          //(there is a possibility that bready is always asserted high)   
	            begin
	              axi_bvalid <= 1'b0; 
	            end  
	        end
	    end
	 end   

下图代码是主机向从机读地址控制信号时，从机反馈给主机的读控制信号准备接收标志arready的逻辑，和写数据的地址控制信号逻辑思想一样，都是检测对方的写地址有效信号，然后拉高自己的准备好信号。

// axi_arready is asserted for one S_AXI_ACLK clock cycle when
	// S_AXI_ARVALID is asserted. axi_awready is 
	// de-asserted when reset (active low) is asserted. 
	// The read address is also latched when S_AXI_ARVALID is 
	// asserted. axi_araddr is reset to zero on reset assertion.

	always @( posedge S_AXI_ACLK )
	begin
	  if ( S_AXI_ARESETN == 1'b0 )
	    begin
	      axi_arready <= 1'b0;
	      axi_arv_arr_flag <= 1'b0;
	    end 
	  else
	    begin    
	      if (~axi_arready && S_AXI_ARVALID && ~axi_awv_awr_flag && ~axi_arv_arr_flag)
	        begin
	          axi_arready <= 1'b1;
	          axi_arv_arr_flag <= 1'b1;
	        end
	      else if (axi_rvalid && S_AXI_RREADY && axi_arlen_cntr == axi_arlen)
	      // preparing to accept next address after current read completion
	        begin
	          axi_arv_arr_flag  <= 1'b0;
	        end
	      else        
	        begin
	          axi_arready <= 1'b0;
	        end
	    end 
	end       

下图所示为读地址的变化，可以看出和写地址变化是一样的具有三种模式就不在此赘述了。

	//This process is used to latch the address when both 
	//S_AXI_ARVALID and S_AXI_RVALID are valid. 
	always @( posedge S_AXI_ACLK )
	begin
	  if ( S_AXI_ARESETN == 1'b0 )
	    begin
	      axi_araddr <= 0;
	      axi_arlen_cntr <= 0;
	      axi_arburst <= 0;
	      axi_arlen <= 0;
	      axi_rlast <= 1'b0;
	      axi_ruser <= 0;
	    end 
	  else
	    begin    
	      if (~axi_arready && S_AXI_ARVALID && ~axi_arv_arr_flag)
	        begin
	          // address latching 
	          axi_araddr <= S_AXI_ARADDR[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:0]; 
	          axi_arburst <= S_AXI_ARBURST; 
	          axi_arlen <= S_AXI_ARLEN;     
	          // start address of transfer
	          axi_arlen_cntr <= 0;
	          axi_rlast <= 1'b0;
	        end   
	      else if((axi_arlen_cntr <= axi_arlen) && axi_rvalid && S_AXI_RREADY)        
	        begin
	         
	          axi_arlen_cntr <= axi_arlen_cntr + 1;
	          axi_rlast <= 1'b0;
	        
	          case (axi_arburst)
	            2'b00: // fixed burst
	             // The read address for all the beats in the transaction are fixed
	              begin
	                axi_araddr       <= axi_araddr;        
	                //for arsize = 4 bytes (010)
	              end   
	            2'b01: //incremental burst
	            // The read address for all the beats in the transaction are increments by awsize
	              begin
	                axi_araddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] <= axi_araddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] + 1; 
	                //araddr aligned to 4 byte boundary
	                axi_araddr[ADDR_LSB-1:0]  <= {ADDR_LSB{1'b0}};   
	                //for awsize = 4 bytes (010)
	              end   
	            2'b10: //Wrapping burst
	            // The read address wraps when the address reaches wrap boundary 
	              if (ar_wrap_en) 
	                begin
	                  axi_araddr <= (axi_araddr - ar_wrap_size); 
	                end
	              else 
	                begin
	                axi_araddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] <= axi_araddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB] + 1; 
	                //araddr aligned to 4 byte boundary
	                axi_araddr[ADDR_LSB-1:0]  <= {ADDR_LSB{1'b0}};   
	                end                      
	            default: //reserved (incremental burst for example)
	              begin
	                axi_araddr <= axi_araddr[C_S_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH - 1:ADDR_LSB]+1;
	                //for arsize = 4 bytes (010)
	              end
	          endcase              
	        end
	      else if((axi_arlen_cntr == axi_arlen) && ~axi_rlast && axi_arv_arr_flag )   
	        begin
	          axi_rlast <= 1'b1;
	        end          
	      else if (S_AXI_RREADY)   
	        begin
	          axi_rlast <= 1'b0;
	        end          
	    end 
	end       

 接下来是从机给主机的读数据有效信号产生，此时在该信号下，测试数据会一起发送给主机。至至此从机受制于主机的读写操作均结束。和我们之前分析的接口时序是完全对上的

接下来为从机的写仿真结果：

从机写读仿真结果：

下载地址：https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_39871104/87755171?spm=1001.2014.3001.5503

下一节：AXI4总线-axi-full-master IP程序解析_北纬二六的博客-CSDN博客