汉译英早操练-（十八）

        hello大家好，文接上回：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41953346/article/details/138184776

        继续学习政府工作报告。

        财政政策加力提 效，加强重点领域支出保障，全年新增税费优惠超过2.2万亿元，增发 1 万亿元国债支持灾 后恢复重建、提升防灾减灾救灾能力。货币政策精准有力，两次降低存款准备金率、两次下调政策利率，科技创新、先进制造、普惠小微、绿色发展等贷款大幅增长。出台支持汽 车、家居、电子产品、旅游等消费政策，大宗消费稳步回升，生活服务消费加快恢复。发 挥政府投资撬动作用，制定促进民间投资政策，能源、水利等基础设施和制造业投资较快 增长。因城施策优化房地产调控，推动降低房贷成本，积极推进保交楼工作。制定实施一 揽子化解地方债务方案，分类处置金融风险，守住了不发生系统性风险的底线

 第一句：

          财政政策加力提 效，加强重点领域支出保障，全年新增税费优惠超过2.2万亿元，增发1万亿元国债支持灾 后恢复重建、提升防灾减灾救灾能力。

        The effectiveness of financial policy has been improved. Expenture in key areas were ensecured, annually increased tax discount has surpassed over 2.2 trillion as well as 1 trillion national debt was increased to support aftermath reconstruction and improve the ability of preventing, reducing and responding to disasters.

        一、拼写错误：expenture-->expenditure

        二、表达冗余：【超过2.2万亿元】把over去掉。

        三、表达准确性问题：增发不应该是increase（增加）而是issue(发行)

        We enhanced the intensity and effectiveness of fiscal policies and ensured spending in
key areas. Additional tax and fee relief measures introduced last year resulted in
savings exceeding 2.2 trillion yuan, and an additional 1 trillion yuan of treasury bonds
was issued to support post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and build up capacity
for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. 

         一、加力提 效=增加强度+提高效率==增强强度和效率==enhanced the intensity and effectiveness

        二、【加强重点领域支出保障】和【全年新增税费优惠超过2.2万亿元，增发1万亿元国债支持灾后恢复重建】是因果关系。【加强了重点领域支出保障】还进一步解释成为【增加了税费纾困方案】

        三、国债：treasury bonds

        四、宅后重建：post-disaster recovery and reconstruction

        五、提升...能力 build up capacity for sth

        The project aims to build up capacity for international cooperation.
        这个项目旨在增强国际合作能力。

        六、防灾减灾救灾  preventing, reducing and responding to disasters

第二句

        货币政策精准有力，两次降低存款准备金率、两次下调政策利率，科技创新、先进制造、普惠小微、绿色发展等贷款大幅增长。

      Monetary policy is targeted and effective by reducing deposit reserve ratio twice and interest rates twice, and loans for science innovation, advanced manufacture, inclusive small and micro businesses and green development were largely increased.

        一、冠词错误： Monetary policy 孤立的表达要么假设the表强调，要么变成复数，monetary policies.

        二、【Monetary policy is targeted and effective】后面要表达精准和有力的具体内容了，直接加by缺少连接，可以增加动词，做成非限定性定语从句。

        Monetary policy is targeted and effective，achieved by reducing。。。

        三、 reducing deposit reserve ratio twice and interest rates twice, 这块表达也缺少必要的动词，可以改成 reducing deposit reserve ratio and interest rates twice, 或增加动词reducing deposit reserve ratio and adjuesting interest rates twice,

        Monetary policies were implemented in a targeted and effective way. Required reserve
ratios and policy interest rates were lowered two times, and there was a significant
increase in loans issued to support scientific and technological innovation, advanced
manufacturing, micro and small businesses, and green development initiatives.

        一、采用增译法：绿色发展==绿色发展计划==green development initiatives

        二、官文切割了句子为两个句子，【货币政策精准有力】，【两次降低存款准备金率、两次下调政策利率，科技创新、先进制造、普惠小微、绿色发展等贷款大幅增长】

第三句：

        出台支持汽车、家居、电子产品、旅游等消费政策，大宗消费稳步回升，生活服务消费加快恢复。

        We rollled out consume policies to support cars, home,electronics and travel. Commodity consumption was upgrated steadily, and life service consumption was recovered rapidly.

    Thanks to policies to boost consumer spending such as those on automobiles, home furnishing, electronic products, and tourism, spending on big-ticket items steadily picked up and consumption of consumer services recovered quickly.    

        一、一些短语的准确性表达：

        汽车：automobiles

        家具：home furnishing

        电子产品：electronic products

        旅游：tourism

        二、官文非常注重去抽象，用小词

        大宗消费：pending on big-ticket items

         三、结构方面，官文使用了 thanks to sth, A(spending on big-ticket items steadily ) pick up and B(onsumption of consumer services) recover。

第四句：

        发挥政府投资撬动作用，制定促进民间投资政策，能源、水利等基础设施和制造业投资较快 增长。

        Government investment leverage was released by making policies to promote private investment and rapid growth was achieved by investment on infrastructure like energy and water as well as manufacture.

        一、介词搭配错误， 投资：invest in sth.

        二、词性错误：manufacture 为动词 manufacture -->manufacturing

        We fully leveraged the role of government investment in boosting overall investment and adopted policies for promoting non-governmental investment. There was rapid growth in investments in energy and water conservancy infrastructure as well as the manufacturing sector.

        一、民间投资：non-governmental investment

        二、水利：water conservancy

        三、制造业：manufacturing sector

        四、leverage 将名词的杠杆改为动词，词性转化，表达更顺畅。

第五句：

        因城施策优化房地产调控，推动降低房贷成本，积极推进保交楼工作。

        We upgraded policies of real estate control in urban areas, and lowered housing loan costs and proactively promoted timely delivery of building work.

        We improved city-specific policies on real estate regulation, worked to lower housing mortgage costs, and ensured the delivery of housing projects.

        一、官文的结构为 We did a, did b, and did c

        二、因城施策== 城市级别的政策== city-specific policies 

第六句：

        制定实施一 揽子化解地方债务方案，分类处置金融风险，守住了不发生系统性风险的底线。

        We implemented a batch of initiatives to defuse local debts by dealing with financial risk by sort, guaranteeing that no system risks would be happened.

        一、一揽子方案，最好用a series of 不要用一批 a batch of

        二、 分类：by sort--》by category

        三、语法错误 would be hanppened-->would occur/would happen

        四、系统风险：system risks -->systemic risks

        五、引导结果状语从句要把连词加上， thereby ensuring that no systemic risks would occur.

        We formulated and implemented a package of steps to address local government debt, dealt with financial risks by type, and ensured that no systemic risks arose.

        一、一揽子方案，官文用了 a package of 

        二、分类处置金融风险， by type表分类。

        三、句子结构为：We did a, did b, and did c. 越简单的结构越清晰。

        ok，这段结束了，祝你天天开心，拜拜~