基于opencv的图像处理之像素访问方法

在opencv中，提供了三种访问像素点的方法：

• 1.指针访问
• 2.迭代器访问
• 3.动态地址计算
  直接上代码：

//方法一：指针访问
void colorReduce(Mat& input, Mat& output, int div)
{
	output = input.clone();
	int rowNum = output.rows;
	int colNum = output.cols * output.channels();

	//像素遍历
	for (int i = 0; i < rowNum; i++)
	{
		uchar* data = output.ptr<uchar>(i);
		for (int j = 0; j < colNum; j++)
		{
			data[j] = data[j] / div * div + div / 2;
		}
	}
}

//方法2 迭代器
void colorReduce(Mat& input, Mat& output, int div)
{
	output = input.clone();
	Mat_<Vec3b>::iterator it = output.begin<Vec3b>();
	Mat_<Vec3b>::iterator itend = output.end<Vec3b>();


	for (; it != itend; it++)
	{
		(*it)[0] = (*it)[0] / div * div + div / 2;
		(*it)[1] = (*it)[1] / div * div + div / 2;
		(*it)[2] = (*it)[2] / div * div + div / 2;
	}
}

//3.动态地址计算
void colorReduce(Mat& input, Mat& output, int div)
{
	output = input.clone();
	int rowNum = output.rows;
	int colNum = output.cols;

	//存取彩色图像像素
	for (int i = 0; i < rowNum; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < colNum; j++)
		{
			output.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0] = output.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[0] / div * div + div / 2;
			output.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1] = output.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[1] / div * div + div / 2;
			output.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2] = output.at<Vec3b>(i, j)[2] / div * div + div / 2;

		}
	}

}

附主程序:

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
#include<core/core.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

void colorReduce(Mat& input, Mat& output,  int div);

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
	Mat srcImage = imread("F:/pic/img2.jpg",IMREAD_UNCHANGED);
	if (!srcImage.data)
	{
		cout << "加载失败" << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("原始图", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("原始图", srcImage);
	//创建效果图
	Mat destImage;
	destImage.create(srcImage.rows, destImage.cols, srcImage.type());
	//记录起始时间
	double time0 = static_cast<double>(getTickCount());
	//调用颜色空间缩减函数
	colorReduce(srcImage, destImage, 32);
	//计算运行时间并输出
	time0 = (getTickCount() - time0) / getTickFrequency();
	cout << "此方法运行时间为：" << time0 << endl;
	imshow("效果图", destImage);
	waitKey(0);


	//system("pause");
	return	0;

}

参考opencv编程入门，文中还提到了其他的14种遍历像素方法，之后有机会会附上。