热压烧结制备AlN/球形碳复相微波衰减材料及其性能

Microwave attenuating material is a kind of absorbing material used to absorb electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band. It is mainly used in vacuum electronic devices such as radar, early warning aircraft, fighter aircraft and other military equipment. Microwave attenuating materials require not only excellent wave absorption properties, but also excellent thermal conductivity to conduct heat in a timely manner. In addition, because the application environment of electric vacuum devices is mainly high vacuum, high power, high frequency and other extreme conditions, therefore, microwave attenuation materials need to have high density and certain mechanical properties to meet the performance requirements of practical applications.
This article summarizes the basic information of microwave attenuation materials, as well as the classification, application, and research background of aluminum nitride-based microwave attenuation materials. A technological route for preparing AlN/spherical carbon complex microwave attenuation materials by hot pressing sintering was developed. Through testing and characterization methods, the effects of different process parameters on the sintering properties, dielectric properties, microwave attenuation properties, etc. of the prepared materials are obtained.
As the content of spherical graphite increases, the reflection loss of the complex phase material increases significantly, showing significantly enhanced microwave absorption performance. In the composite material with spherical graphite content of 7wt%, the minimum RL value is -14.2dB.
As the content of silicon carbide (α-SiC) increases, the flexural strength and dielectric constant show a gradually increasing trend. When the SiC content is 10wt%, the AlN-SG-SiC composite material has the best sintering performance, with a relative density of 99.2%. When the SiC content is 30wt%, the thermal conductivity is relatively best, and the thermal conductivity is 47.6 W/(m·K). When the SiC content is 5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt%, the reflection loss of the composite material is small, and the RL value reaches -19.8dB, -18.5dB and -18.6dB respectively. When the SiC content exceeds 15wt%, the microwave absorption capacity is weakened.

class FilterVisualizer():
    def __init__(self, size=56, upscaling_steps=12, upscaling_factor=1.2):
        self.size, self.upscaling_steps, self.upscaling_factor = size, upscaling_steps, upscaling_factor
        self.model = vgg16(pre=True).cuda().eval()
        set_trainable(self.model, False)

    def visualize(self, layer, filter, lr=0.1, opt_steps=20, blur=None):
        sz = self.size
        img = np.uint8(np.random.uniform(150, 180, (sz, sz, 3)))/255  # generate random image
        activations = SaveFeatures(list(self.model.children())[layer])  # register hook

        for _ in range(self.upscaling_steps):  # scale the image up upscaling_steps times
            train_tfms, val_tfms = tfms_from_model(vgg16, sz)
            img_var = V(val_tfms(img)[None], requires_grad=True)  # convert image to Variable that requires grad
            optimizer = torch.optim.Adam([img_var], lr=lr, weight_decay=1e-6)
            for n in range(opt_steps):  # optimize pixel values for opt_steps times
                optimizer.zero_grad()
                self.model(img_var)
                loss = -activations.features[0, filter].mean()
                loss.backward()
                optimizer.step()
            img = val_tfms.denorm(img_var.data.cpu().numpy()[0].transpose(1,2,0))
            self.output = img
            sz = int(self.upscaling_factor * sz)  # calculate new image size
            img = cv2.resize(img, (sz, sz), interpolation = cv2.INTER_CUBIC)  # scale image up
            if blur is not None: img = cv2.blur(img,(blur,blur))  # blur image to reduce high frequency patterns
        self.save(layer, filter)
        activations.close()

    def save(self, layer, filter):
        plt.imsave("layer_"+str(layer)+"_filter_"+str(filter)+".jpg", np.clip(self.output, 0, 1))