效果:
代码:
Shader "Unity Shaders Book/Chapter 9/Shadow" {
Properties {
_Diffuse ("Diffuse", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
_Specular ("Specular", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
_Gloss ("Gloss", Range(8.0, 256)) = 20
}
SubShader {
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" }
Pass {
// Pass for ambient light & first pixel light (directional light)
Tags { "LightMode"="ForwardBase" }
CGPROGRAM
// Apparently need to add this declaration
#pragma multi_compile_fwdbase
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
// Need these files to get built-in macros
#include "Lighting.cginc"
#include "AutoLight.cginc"
fixed4 _Diffuse;
fixed4 _Specular;
float _Gloss;
struct a2v {
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
};
struct v2f {
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD0;
float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1;
SHADOW_COORDS(2)
};
v2f vert(a2v v) {
v2f o;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
// Pass shadow coordinates to pixel shader
TRANSFER_SHADOW(o);
return o;
}
fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target {
fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz);
fixed3 ambient = UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.xyz;
fixed3 diffuse = _LightColor0.rgb * _Diffuse.rgb * max(0, dot(worldNormal, worldLightDir));
fixed3 viewDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceCameraPos.xyz - i.worldPos.xyz);
fixed3 halfDir = normalize(worldLightDir + viewDir);
fixed3 specular = _LightColor0.rgb * _Specular.rgb * pow(max(0, dot(worldNormal, halfDir)), _Gloss);
fixed atten = 1.0;
fixed shadow = SHADOW_ATTENUATION(i);
return fixed4(ambient + (diffuse + specular) * atten * shadow, 1.0);
}
ENDCG
}
Pass {
// Pass for other pixel lights
Tags { "LightMode"="ForwardAdd" }
Blend One One
CGPROGRAM
// Apparently need to add this declaration
#pragma multi_compile_fwdadd
// Use the line below to add shadows for point and spot lights
// #pragma multi_compile_fwdadd_fullshadows
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "Lighting.cginc"
#include "AutoLight.cginc"
fixed4 _Diffuse;
fixed4 _Specular;
float _Gloss;
struct a2v {
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
};
struct v2f {
float4 position : SV_POSITION;
float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD0;
float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1;
};
v2f vert(a2v v) {
v2f o;
o.position = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
return o;
}
fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target {
fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
#ifdef USING_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT
fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz);
#else
fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz - i.worldPos.xyz);
#endif
fixed3 diffuse = _LightColor0.rgb * _Diffuse.rgb * max(0, dot(worldNormal, worldLightDir));
fixed3 viewDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceCameraPos.xyz - i.worldPos.xyz);
fixed3 halfDir = normalize(worldLightDir + viewDir);
fixed3 specular = _LightColor0.rgb * _Specular.rgb * pow(max(0, dot(worldNormal, halfDir)), _Gloss);
#ifdef USING_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT
fixed atten = 1.0;
#else
float3 lightCoord = mul(unity_WorldToLight, float4(i.worldPos, 1)).xyz;
fixed atten = tex2D(_LightTexture0, dot(lightCoord, lightCoord).rr).UNITY_ATTEN_CHANNEL;
#endif
return fixed4((diffuse + specular) * atten, 1.0);
}
ENDCG
}
}
FallBack "Specular"
}
- 在Base Pass中包含进一一个新的内置文件:
#include "AutoLight. cginc".
这是因为,我们下面计算阴影时所用的宏都是在这个文件中声明的。
在顶点着色器的输出结构体v2f中添加了一一个内置宏SHADOW_ COORDS:
struct v2f {
float4 pos : SV_ POSITION;
float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD0;
float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1 ;
SHADOW_ COORDS (2)
}
这个宏的作用很简单,就是声明一个用于对阴影纹理采样的坐标。需要注意的是,这个宏的
参数需要是下一个可用的插值寄存器的索引值,在上面的例子中就是2。
- 在顶点着色器返回之前添加另一一个内置宏TRANSFER_ SHADOW:
v2f vert (a2v v) {
v2f o;
...
// Pass shadow coordinates to pixel shader
TRANSFER_SHADOW(o) ;
return o;
}
这个宏用于在顶点着色器中计算上一步中声明的阴影纹理坐标。
- 在片元着色器中计算阴影值,这同样使用了一个内置宏SHADOW_ATTENUATION:
// Use shadow coordinates to sample shadow map
fixed shadow = SHADOW_ ATTENUATION(i) ;
需要注意的是,由于这些宏中会使用上下文变量来进行相关计算,例如TRANSFER_SHADOW会使用v.vertex 或a.pos来计算坐标,因此为了能够让这些宏正确工作,我们需要保证自定义的变量名和这些宏中使用的变量名相匹配。我们需要保证:a2f结构体中的顶点坐标变量名必须是vertex,顶点着色器的输出结构体v2f必须命名为v,且v2f中的顶点位置变量必须命名为pos。
在BasePass中更改以上代码即可实现立方体接收阴影透射,而AdditionalPass更改与之大致相同。
统一管理光照衰减和阴影:
Shader "Unity Shaders Book/Chapter 9/Attenuation And Shadow Use Build-in Functions" {
Properties {
_Diffuse ("Diffuse", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
_Specular ("Specular", Color) = (1, 1, 1, 1)
_Gloss ("Gloss", Range(8.0, 256)) = 20
}
SubShader {
Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" }
Pass {
// Pass for ambient light & first pixel light (directional light)
Tags { "LightMode"="ForwardBase" }
CGPROGRAM
// Apparently need to add this declaration
#pragma multi_compile_fwdbase
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
// Need these files to get built-in macros
#include "Lighting.cginc"
#include "AutoLight.cginc"
fixed4 _Diffuse;
fixed4 _Specular;
float _Gloss;
struct a2v {
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
};
struct v2f {
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD0;
float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1;
SHADOW_COORDS(2)
};
v2f vert(a2v v) {
v2f o;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
// Pass shadow coordinates to pixel shader
TRANSFER_SHADOW(o);
return o;
}
fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target {
fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceLightDir(i.worldPos));
fixed3 ambient = UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.xyz;
fixed3 diffuse = _LightColor0.rgb * _Diffuse.rgb * max(0, dot(worldNormal, worldLightDir));
fixed3 viewDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceViewDir(i.worldPos));
fixed3 halfDir = normalize(worldLightDir + viewDir);
fixed3 specular = _LightColor0.rgb * _Specular.rgb * pow(max(0, dot(worldNormal, halfDir)), _Gloss);
// UNITY_LIGHT_ATTENUATION not only compute attenuation, but also shadow infos
UNITY_LIGHT_ATTENUATION(atten, i, i.worldPos);
return fixed4(ambient + (diffuse + specular) * atten, 1.0);
}
ENDCG
}
Pass {
// Pass for other pixel lights
Tags { "LightMode"="ForwardAdd" }
Blend One One
CGPROGRAM
// Apparently need to add this declaration
#pragma multi_compile_fwdadd
// Use the line below to add shadows for point and spot lights
// #pragma multi_compile_fwdadd_fullshadows
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
#include "Lighting.cginc"
#include "AutoLight.cginc"
fixed4 _Diffuse;
fixed4 _Specular;
float _Gloss;
struct a2v {
float4 vertex : POSITION;
float3 normal : NORMAL;
};
struct v2f {
float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD0;
float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1;
SHADOW_COORDS(2)
};
v2f vert(a2v v) {
v2f o;
o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
// Pass shadow coordinates to pixel shader
TRANSFER_SHADOW(o);
return o;
}
fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target {
fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceLightDir(i.worldPos));
fixed3 diffuse = _LightColor0.rgb * _Diffuse.rgb * max(0, dot(worldNormal, worldLightDir));
fixed3 viewDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceViewDir(i.worldPos));
fixed3 halfDir = normalize(worldLightDir + viewDir);
fixed3 specular = _LightColor0.rgb * _Specular.rgb * pow(max(0, dot(worldNormal, halfDir)), _Gloss);
// UNITY_LIGHT_ATTENUATION not only compute attenuation, but also shadow infos
UNITY_LIGHT_ATTENUATION(atten, i, i.worldPos);
return fixed4((diffuse + specular) * atten, 1.0);
}
ENDCG
}
}
FallBack "Specular"
}
与上一代码的方式不同,这次我们在片元着色器中使用内置宏UNITY_ LIGHT_ATTENUATION来计算光照衰减和阴影:
UNITY_ LIGHT ATTENUATION是Unity内置的用于计算光照衰减和阴影的宏,我们可以在内置的AutoLight.cginc里找到它的相关声明。它接受3个参数,它会将光照衰减和阴影值相乘后的结果存储到第一个参数中。注意到,我们并没有在代码中声明第一个参数atten, 这是因为UNITY_ LIGHT ATTENUATION会帮我们声明这个变量。它的第二个参数是结构体v2f,这个参数会传递给SHADOW_ ATTENUATION,用来计算阴影值。而第三个参数是世界空间的坐标,这个参数会用于计算光源空间下的坐标,再对光照衰减纹理采样来得到光照衰减。
由于使用了UNITY_ LIGHT ATTENUATION,我们的Base Pass和Additional Pass的代码得以统一,我们不需要 在Base Pass里单独处理阴影,也不需要在Additional Pass中判断光源类型来处理光照衰减,一切都只需要通过UNITY_ LIGHT_ ATTENUATION来完成即可。