python基础程序例子

python基础程序例子如下：

#!/usr/bin/python3
 
# 第一个注释
print ("Hello, Python!") # 第二个注释

# Fibonacci series: 斐波纳契数列
# 两个元素的总和确定了下一个数
a, b = 0, 1
while b < 1000:
    print(b, end=',')
    a, b = b, a+b

####################################################  if Python3 条件控制
age = int(input("请输入你家狗狗的年龄: "))
print("")
if age <= 0:
    print("你是在逗我吧!")
elif age == 1:
    print("相当于 14 岁的人。")
elif age == 2:
    print("相当于 22 岁的人。")
elif age > 2:
    human = 22 + (age -2)*5
    print("对应人类年龄: ", human)
 
### 退出提示
input("点击 enter 键退出")


# 该实例演示了数字猜谜游戏
number = 7
guess = -1
print("数字猜谜游戏!")
while guess != number:
    guess = int(input("请输入你猜的数字："))
 
    if guess == number:
        print("恭喜，你猜对了！")
    elif guess < number:
        print("猜的数字小了...")
    elif guess > number:
        print("猜的数字大了...")




num=int(input("输入一个数字："))
if num%2==0:
    if num%3==0:
        print ("你输入的数字可以整除 2 和 3")
    else:
        print ("你输入的数字可以整除 2，但不能整除 3")
else:
    if num%3==0:
        print ("你输入的数字可以整除 3，但不能整除 2")
    else:
        print  ("你输入的数字不能整除 2 和 3")


n = 100
 
sum = 0
counter = 1
while counter <= n:
    sum = sum + counter
    counter += 1
 
print("1 到 %d 之和为: %d" % (n,sum))

var = 1
while var == 1 :  # 表达式永远为 true
   num = int(input("输入一个数字  :"))
   print ("你输入的数字是: ", num)
 
print ("Good bye!")



count = 0
while count < 5:
   print (count, " 小于 5")
   count = count + 1
else:
   print (count, " 大于或等于 5")



flag = 1
 
while (flag): print ('欢迎访问菜鸟教程!')
 
print ("Good bye!")


###
sites = ["Baidu", "Google","Runoob","Taobao"]
for site in sites:
    if site == "Runoob":
        print("菜鸟教程!")
        break
    print("循环数据 " + site)
else:
    print("没有循环数据!")
print("完成循环!")

#####
n = 5
while n > 0:
    n -= 1
    if n == 2:
        break
    print(n)
print('循环结束。')

###
n = 5
while n > 0:
    n -= 1
    if n == 2:
        continue
    print(n)
print('循环结束。')


#####
for letter in 'Runoob':     # 第一个实例
   if letter == 'n':
      break
   print ('当前字母为 :', letter)


var = 10                    # 第二个实例
while var > 0:              
   print ('当前变量值为 :', var)
   var = var -1
   if var == 5:
      break
 
print ("Good bye!")


for letter in 'Runoob':     # 第一个实例
   if letter == 'o':        # 字母为 o 时跳过输出
      continue
   print ('当前字母 :', letter)
 
var = 10                    # 第二个实例
while var > 0:              
   var = var -1
   if var == 5:             # 变量为 5 时跳过输出
      continue
   print ('当前变量值 :', var)
print ("Good bye!")


for n in range(2, 10):
    for x in range(2, n):
        if n % x == 0:
            print(n, '等于', x, '*', n//x)
            break
    else:
        # 循环中没有找到元素
        print(n, ' 是质数')


for letter in 'Runoob': 
   if letter == 'o':
      pass
      print ('执行 pass 块')
   print ('当前字母 :', letter)
 
print ("Good bye!")
########################

list=[1,2,3,4]
it = iter(list)    # 创建迭代器对象
for x in it:
    print (x, end=" ")


###——————————————————————————————————————————————————————
class MyNumbers:
  def __iter__(self):
    self.a = 1
    return self
 
  def __next__(self):
    x = self.a
    self.a += 1
    return x
 
myclass = MyNumbers()
myiter = iter(myclass)
 
print(next(myiter))
print(next(myiter))
print(next(myiter))
print(next(myiter))
print(next(myiter))


###############################
class MyNumbers:
  def __iter__(self):
    self.a = 1
    return self
 
  def __next__(self):
    if self.a <= 20:
      x = self.a
      self.a += 1
      return x
    else:
      raise StopIteration
 
myclass = MyNumbers()
myiter = iter(myclass)
 
for x in myiter:
  print(x)



#####————————————————————————————————————————————函数
def max(a, b):
    if a > b:
        return a
    else:
        return b
 
a = 4
b = 5
print(max(a, b))


# 计算面积函数
def area(width, height):
    return width * height
 
def print_welcome(name):
    print("Welcome", name)
 
print_welcome("Runoob")
w = 4
h = 5
print("width =", w, " height =", h, " area =", area(w, h))
###########################
import sys
 
print('命令行参数如下:')
for i in sys.argv:
   print(i)
 
print('\n\nPython 路径为：', sys.path, '\n')


####——————————————————————————————————
def fib(n):    # 定义到 n 的斐波那契数列
    a, b = 0, 1
    while b < n:
        print(b, end=' ')
        a, b = b, a+b
    print()
 
def fib2(n): # 返回到 n 的斐波那契数列
    result = []
    a, b = 0, 1
    while b < n:
        result.append(b)
        a, b = b, a+b
    return result


###############将上面的代码保存成fibo.py可实现调用
import fibo
fib = fibo.fib
fib(1000)


from fibo import fib, fib2
fib(500)

###  from modname import *  把一个模块的所有内容全都导入到当前的命名空间
from fibo import *
fib(500)

str = input("请输入：");
print ("你输入的内容是: ", str)

#####————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
# 打开一个文件
## D:\博士研究生期间资料\学习资源\编程语言学习实例\Python\fibo.py
f = open("c.txt", "w")

f.write( "Python 是一个非常好的语言。\n是的，的确非常好!!\n" )

# 关闭打开的文件
f.close()

#####################################————————————————————

total = 0 # 这是一个全局变量
# 可写函数说明
def sum( arg1, arg2 ):
    #返回2个参数的和."
    total = arg1 + arg2 # total在这里是局部变量.
    print ("函数内是局部变量 : ", total)
    return total
 
#调用sum函数
sum( 10, 20 )
print ("函数外是全局变量 : ", total)

###################
num = 1
def fun1():
    global num  # 需要使用 global 关键字声明
    print(num) 
    num = 123
    print(num)
fun1()
print(num)


#######
a = 10
def test():
    global a
    a = a + 1
    print(a)
test()

a = 10
def test(a):
    a = a + 1
    print(a)
test(a)

import math
y = math.cos(math.pi / 4)
print(y)
math.log(1024, 2)
import random
random.choice(['apple', 'pear', 'banana'])
random.sample(range(100), 10)   # sampling without replacement
random.random()    # random float
random.randrange(6)    # random integer chosen from range(6)

from datetime import date
now = date.today()
now
birthday = date(2022, 1, 1)
age = now - birthday
age.days

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('nba.csv')

print(df.to_string())


import pandas as pd

mydataset = {
  'sites': ["Google", "Runoob", "Wiki"],
  'number': [1, 2, 3]
}

myvar = pd.DataFrame(mydataset)

print(myvar)

##################
df = pd.read_csv('nba.csv')

print(df.to_string())



# 三个字段 name, site, age
nme = ["Google", "Runoob", "Taobao", "Wiki"]
st = ["www.google.com", "www.runoob.com", "www.taobao.com", "www.wikipedia.org"]
ag = [90, 40, 80, 98]
   
# 字典
dict = {'name': nme, 'site': st, 'age': ag}
     
df = pd.DataFrame(dict)
 
# 保存 dataframe
df.to_csv('site.csv')

####################################

data =[
    {
      "id": "A001",
      "name": "菜鸟教程",
      "url": "www.runoob.com",
      "likes": 61
    },
    {
      "id": "A002",
      "name": "Google",
      "url": "www.google.com",
      "likes": 124
    },
    {
      "id": "A003",
      "name": "淘宝",
      "url": "www.taobao.com",
      "likes": 45
    }
]
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

print(df)



##############
# 字典格式的 JSON                                                                                              
s = {
    "col1":{"row1":1,"row2":2,"row3":3},
    "col2":{"row1":"x","row2":"y","row3":"z"}
}

# 读取 JSON 转为 DataFrame                                                                                          
df = pd.DataFrame(s)
print(df)