Unity Graphics (Unity 图形渲染 ) 官方教程文档笔记系列之九

Unity Graphics (Unity 图形渲染 )
- Everything for Lighting and Rendering in Unity
- 主要涉及到光照与渲染方面的知识

本文档主要是对Unity官方教程的个人理解与总结（其实以翻译记录为主：>）
仅作为个人学习使用，不得作为商业用途，欢迎转载，并请注明出处。
文章中涉及到的操作都是基于 Unity2018.3版本
参考链接：https://unity3d.com/cn/learn/tutorials/s/graphics

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下面是将要介绍的章节，黑体是本次内容：

• Introduction to Lighting and Rendering
  介绍光照和渲染
• Precomputed Realtime GI (Realtime Global Illumination)(9)
  预处理实时全局光照（9）
• Rendering and Shading
  渲染与着色
• Cameras and Effects
  相机与效果
• Geometry in Unity
  几何体

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7.Optimizing Unity’s auto unwrapping

7.优化Unity的自动展开

When configuring unwrap parameters, the ideal outcome is to find a combination of values that results in the lowest number of Charts while having the least lightmap distortion. Remember that distortion is visualized as stretching of the checkerboard texture applied to objects in the Scene view when UV Charts draw mode is enabled.
在配置展开参数时，理想的结果是找到一组值的组合，这些值在最少的光照图失真的情况下，图表的数量最少。请记住，当UV图表绘制模式开启时，在场景视图中扭曲将可视化，比如对象的棋盘纹理拉伸。

The checkerboard pattern can be used to visualize lightmap texel distribution. Notice here that the checkerboard is relatively consistent across our model - meaning there is little lightmap distortion.
棋盘图可以用来表示可视化光照图纹素的分布。注意这里的棋盘和我们的模型是相对一致的-这意味着更少的光照图扭曲。

Stretching and warping of the checkerboard indicates that there is some inconsistency in the distribution of lightmap texels.
棋盘格的拉伸和变形表明，光照图纹素的分布有一些不一致的地方。

In this example, we will apply what we have learned about UV unwrapping to optimize precompute times on an object in our tutorial project.
在本例中，我们将应用我们所学到的关于UV展开的知识，以优化我们的教程项目中的对象的预计算时间。

• Open the LightingTutorialStart Scene included in the example project.
打开示例项目中包含的 LightingTutorialStart 场景
• Select one of the objects called HouseBig02 in the Hierarchy window.These are grouped under Environment > Structures > Houses.
在层次结构窗口中选择名为HouseBig02的对象。这些在Environment > Structures > Houses 分组下。
• Open the Lighting window (Window > Lighting) and select the Object tab.
打开光照窗口（窗口-灯光）并选择Object选项卡。
• Select Charting from the drop-down menu in the top left of the tab.
从选项卡左上角的下拉菜单中选择图表。
• Expand the Preview area at the bottom of the tab. Note how many UV shells are displayed here and the number of corresponding colored Charts.
在选项卡的底部展开预览区域。请注意这里显示了多少个UV组，以及相应的彩色图表的数量。

Image showing the Charting preview for the HouseBig02 object with default unwrap settings. This number of Charts can be easily reduced.
图像显示了带有默认展开设置的 HouseBig02 对象的图表预览。可以很容易地减少这一图表的数量。

HouseBig02 is a fairly complex object within our Scene, which may justify the use of multiple Charts. However, we may still be able to reduce this number by modifying our unwrap settings.
在我们的场景中，HouseBig02 是一个相当复杂的对象，这可能会证明使用多个图表是合理的。但是，我们仍然可以通过修改我们的展开设置来减少此数量。

The Object unwrap settings panel
对象展开设置面板

There is no one-size fits all solution for unwrappin