目录指路
9.2 基于灰度值的特征
基于灰度值的特征,即利用灰度信息表示区域或者图像的特征,如计算图像的灰度的最大值、最小值、偏差、均值等,还可以算出灰灰度区域的面积和中心,相关算子有gray_features算子、min_max_gray算子、intensity算子、area_ceter_gray算子、select_gray算子等,下面将对其一一介绍。
9.2.1 区域的灰度特征值
gray_features算子的原型如下:
gray_features(Regions, Image : : Features : Value)
gray_features算子,用于计算输入的region区域的灰度特征值,存储在Value中,可能灰度特征值有,即Features 选项有:
- ‘area’:Gray value volume of region (see area_center_gray)
灰度区域面积 - ‘row’:Row index of the center of gravity (see area_center_gray)
灰度中心的行坐标 - ‘column’:Column index of the center of gravity (see area_center_gray)
灰度中心的列坐标 - ‘ra’:Major axis of equivallent ellipse (see elliptic_axis_gray)
等效椭圆的长轴 - ‘rb’:Minor axis of equivallent ellipse (see elliptic_axis_gray)
等效椭圆的短轴 - ‘phi’:Orientation of equivallent ellipse (see elliptic_axis_gray)
等效椭圆的方向 - ’min’:Minimum gray value (see min_max_gray)
灰度的最小值 - ’max’:Maximum gray value (see min_max_gray)
灰度的最大值 - ’mean’:Mean gray value (see intensity)
灰度的平均值 - ’deviation’:Deviation of gray values (see intensity)
灰度的偏差 - ‘plane_deviation’:Deviation from the approximating plane (see plane_deviation)
“平面偏差”:与近似平面的偏差(见平面偏差) - ‘anisotropy’:Anisotropy (see entropy_gray)
“各向异性”:各向异性(参见熵灰) - ‘entropy’:Entropy (see entropy_gray)
熵 - ‘fuzzy_entropy’:Fuzzy entropie of region (see fuzzy_entropy, with a fuzzy function from Apar=0 to Cpar=255)
区域的模糊熵(参见模糊熵,模糊函数从Apar=0到Cpar=255) - ‘fuzzy_perimeter’: Fuzzy perimeter of region (see fuzzy_perimeter, with a fuzzy function from Apar=0 to Cpar=255)
区域的模糊周长(参见Fuzzy_period,模糊函数从Apar=0到Cpar=255) - ‘moments_row’: Mixed moments along a row (see moments_gray_plane)
沿一排的混合力矩(见力矩图灰色平面) - ‘moments_column’:Mixed moments along a column (see moments_gray_plane)
- ‘alpha’:Approximating plane, parameter Alpha (see moments_gray_plane)
近似平面,参数alpha(见力矩_gray_平面) - ‘beta’: Approximating plane, parameter Beta (see moments_gray_plane)
近似平面,参数Beta(见力矩_gray_平面)
输入图像:
处理例程:
read_image(Image,'1')
*将图像转化为区域
threshold(Image, Region, 0, 255)
*提取区域中的最大灰度值
gray_features(Region, I