ROS:msg自定义类型,话题通信

话题通信图示:
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打开新创建的工作空间

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创建msg文件

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自定义变量类型中申明三个变量

string name
int32 age
float32 height

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修改配置文件
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  <buildtool_depend>catkin</buildtool_depend>
  <build_depend>roscpp</build_depend>
  <build_depend>rospy</build_depend>
  <build_depend>std_msgs</build_depend>
    <build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>

  <build_export_depend>roscpp</build_export_depend>
  <build_export_depend>rospy</build_export_depend>
  <build_export_depend>std_msgs</build_export_depend>


  <exec_depend>roscpp</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>rospy</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>std_msgs</exec_depend>
  <exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend> 

修改另一个配置文件
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第一步
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第二步(注意,这是自己创建的msg文件名称)
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第三步(解封这段)
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第四步 后面添加
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编译
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编写发布者程序

创建文件

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需要修改配置文件,让系统先编译自定义数据类型
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add_dependencies(person_pub ${PROJECT_NAME}_generate_messages_cpp )

发布者代码

#include "ros/ros.h"
#include "../../../devel/include/plumbing_pub_sub/Person.h"
 

/*
        发布方:发布人的消息
                1.包含头文件
                #include "plumbing_pub_sub/person.h"      
                2.初始化ROS节点
                3.创建节点句柄
                4.创建发布者对象
                5.编写发布逻辑,发布数据
*/

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
        setlocale(LC_ALL,"");
        ROS_INFO("这是消息发布者");
        // 2.初始化ROS节点
        ros::init(argc,argv,"banZhuRen");
        // 3.创建节点句柄
        ros::NodeHandle nh;
        //  4.创建发布者对象
        ros::Publisher pub = nh.advertise<plumbing_pub_sub::Person>("liaotian",10);
        // 5.编写发布逻辑,发布数据
        //5.1创建被发布的数据
        plumbing_pub_sub::Person  person;
        person.name = "张三";
        person.age = 18;
        person.height = 1.70;
        //5.2设置发布频率
        ros::Rate       rate(1);
        //5.3循环发布数据
        while(ros::ok())
        {
                //数据发布
                pub.publish(person);
                ROS_INFO("发布的消息为:名字:%s,年龄:%d,身高:%2f",person.name.c_str(),person.age,person.height);
                //年龄加一
                person.age ++;
                //延时
                rate.sleep();
                //建议
                ros::spinOnce();
        }
       return 0;
}

代码效果:
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编写订阅者代码

创建订阅者cpp文件
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订阅者cpp代码:

#include "ros/ros.h"
#include "../../../devel/include/plumbing_pub_sub/Person.h"
 

/*
        发布方:发布人的消息
                1.包含头文件
                #include "plumbing_pub_sub/person.h"      
                2.初始化ROS节点
                3.创建节点句柄
                4.创建发布者对象
                5.编写发布逻辑,发布数据
*/

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
        setlocale(LC_ALL,"");
        ROS_INFO("这是消息发布者");
        // 2.初始化ROS节点
        ros::init(argc,argv,"banZhuRen");
        // 3.创建节点句柄
        ros::NodeHandle nh;
        //  4.创建发布者对象
        ros::Publisher pub = nh.advertise<plumbing_pub_sub::Person>("liaotian",10);
        // 5.编写发布逻辑,发布数据
        //5.1创建被发布的数据
        plumbing_pub_sub::Person  person;
        person.name = "张三";
        person.age = 18;
        person.height = 1.70;
        //5.2设置发布频率
        ros::Rate       rate(1);
        //5.3循环发布数据
        while(ros::ok())
        {
                //数据发布
                pub.publish(person);
                ROS_INFO("发布的消息为:名字:%s,年龄:%d,身高:%2f",person.name.c_str(),person.age,person.height);
                //年龄加一
                person.age ++;
                //延时
                rate.sleep();
                //建议
                ros::spinOnce();
        }
       return 0;
}

最后的配置文件:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0.2)
project(plumbing_pub_sub)

## Compile as C++11, supported in ROS Kinetic and newer
# add_compile_options(-std=c++11)

## Find catkin macros and libraries
## if COMPONENTS list like find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS xyz)
## is used, also find other catkin packages
find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
  roscpp
  rospy
  std_msgs
  message_generation
)

## System dependencies are found with CMake's conventions
# find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system)


## Uncomment this if the package has a setup.py. This macro ensures
## modules and global scripts declared therein get installed
## See http://ros.org/doc/api/catkin/html/user_guide/setup_dot_py.html
# catkin_python_setup()

################################################
## Declare ROS messages, services and actions ##
################################################

## To declare and build messages, services or actions from within this
## package, follow these steps:
## * Let MSG_DEP_SET be the set of packages whose message types you use in
##   your messages/services/actions (e.g. std_msgs, actionlib_msgs, ...).
## * In the file package.xml:
##   * add a build_depend tag for "message_generation"
##   * add a build_depend and a exec_depend tag for each package in MSG_DEP_SET
##   * If MSG_DEP_SET isn't empty the following dependency has been pulled in
##     but can be declared for certainty nonetheless:
##     * add a exec_depend tag for "message_runtime"
## * In this file (CMakeLists.txt):
##   * add "message_generation" and every package in MSG_DEP_SET to
##     find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS ...)
##   * add "message_runtime" and every package in MSG_DEP_SET to
##     catkin_package(CATKIN_DEPENDS ...)
##   * uncomment the add_*_files sections below as needed
##     and list every .msg/.srv/.action file to be processed
##   * uncomment the generate_messages entry below
##   * add every package in MSG_DEP_SET to generate_messages(DEPENDENCIES ...)

## Generate messages in the 'msg' folder
add_message_files(
  FILES
  Person.msg
)

## Generate services in the 'srv' folder
# add_service_files(
#   FILES
#   Service1.srv
#   Service2.srv
# )

## Generate actions in the 'action' folder
# add_action_files(
#   FILES
#   Action1.action
#   Action2.action
# )

## Generate added messages and services with any dependencies listed here
generate_messages(
  DEPENDENCIES
  std_msgs
)

################################################
## Declare ROS dynamic reconfigure parameters ##
################################################

## To declare and build dynamic reconfigure parameters within this
## package, follow these steps:
## * In the file package.xml:
##   * add a build_depend and a exec_depend tag for "dynamic_reconfigure"
## * In this file (CMakeLists.txt):
##   * add "dynamic_reconfigure" to
##     find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS ...)
##   * uncomment the "generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options" section below
##     and list every .cfg file to be processed

## Generate dynamic reconfigure parameters in the 'cfg' folder
# generate_dynamic_reconfigure_options(
#   cfg/DynReconf1.cfg
#   cfg/DynReconf2.cfg
# )

###################################
## catkin specific configuration ##
###################################
## The catkin_package macro generates cmake config files for your package
## Declare things to be passed to dependent projects
## INCLUDE_DIRS: uncomment this if your package contains header files
## LIBRARIES: libraries you create in this project that dependent projects also need
## CATKIN_DEPENDS: catkin_packages dependent projects also need
## DEPENDS: system dependencies of this project that dependent projects also need
catkin_package(
#  INCLUDE_DIRS include
#  LIBRARIES plumbing_pub_sub
 # CATKIN_DEPENDS roscpp rospy std_msgs  message_runtime
 CATKIN_DEPENDS roscpp rospy std_msgs  message_runtime 
#CATKIN_DEPENDS geometry_msgs roscpp rospy std_msgs turtlesim message_runtime
#  DEPENDS system_lib
)

###########
## Build ##
###########

## Specify additional locations of header files
## Your package locations should be listed before other locations
include_directories(
# include
  ${catkin_INCLUDE_DIRS}
)

## Declare a C++ library
# add_library(${PROJECT_NAME}
#   src/${PROJECT_NAME}/plumbing_pub_sub.cpp
# )

## Add cmake target dependencies of the library
## as an example, code may need to be generated before libraries
## either from message generation or dynamic reconfigure
# add_dependencies(${PROJECT_NAME} ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})

## Declare a C++ executable
## With catkin_make all packages are built within a single CMake context
## The recommended prefix ensures that target names across packages don't collide
add_executable(person_pub src/person_pub.cpp)
add_executable(person_sub src/person_sub.cpp)

## Rename C++ executable without prefix
## The above recommended prefix causes long target names, the following renames the
## target back to the shorter version for ease of user use
## e.g. "rosrun someones_pkg node" instead of "rosrun someones_pkg someones_pkg_node"
# set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME}_node PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME node PREFIX "")

## Add cmake target dependencies of the executable
## same as for the library above
# add_dependencies(${PROJECT_NAME}_node ${${PROJECT_NAME}_EXPORTED_TARGETS} ${catkin_EXPORTED_TARGETS})
add_dependencies(person_pub ${PROJECT_NAME}_generate_messages_cpp )
add_dependencies(person_sub ${PROJECT_NAME}_generate_messages_cpp )

## Specify libraries to link a library or executable target against
target_link_libraries(person_pub
  ${catkin_LIBRARIES}
)
target_link_libraries(person_sub
  ${catkin_LIBRARIES}
)

#############
## Install ##
#############

# all install targets should use catkin DESTINATION variables
# See http://ros.org/doc/api/catkin/html/adv_user_guide/variables.html

## Mark executable scripts (Python etc.) for installation
## in contrast to setup.py, you can choose the destination
# catkin_install_python(PROGRAMS
#   scripts/my_python_script
#   DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )

## Mark executables for installation
## See http://docs.ros.org/melodic/api/catkin/html/howto/format1/building_executables.html
# install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME}_node
#   RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )

## Mark libraries for installation
## See http://docs.ros.org/melodic/api/catkin/html/howto/format1/building_libraries.html
# install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME}
#   ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
#   LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
#   RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CATKIN_GLOBAL_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )

## Mark cpp header files for installation
# install(DIRECTORY include/${PROJECT_NAME}/
#   DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_INCLUDE_DESTINATION}
#   FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h"
#   PATTERN ".svn" EXCLUDE
# )

## Mark other files for installation (e.g. launch and bag files, etc.)
# install(FILES
#   # myfile1
#   # myfile2
#   DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_SHARE_DESTINATION}
# )

#############
## Testing ##
#############

## Add gtest based cpp test target and link libraries
# catkin_add_gtest(${PROJECT_NAME}-test test/test_plumbing_pub_sub.cpp)
# if(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME}-test)
#   target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}-test ${PROJECT_NAME})
# endif()

## Add folders to be run by python nosetests
# catkin_add_nosetests(test)

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