DrugBank总结

DrugBank是一个药物数据库，最近复现论文的时候总是用到这个数据库，但都是github上作者处理好的数据，我一直想看看drugbank长得啥样，就从官网上拿到了DrugBank数据集来看看

获取：drugbank是一个开源数据集，可以在官网上下载，但是是需要获得别人的许可的，要给人家发邮件，得到许可之后就可以下载啦，过程挺漫长的。。。其实也就来回几封邮件的事，但是人家在加拿大，每次回我邮件都是凌晨，2点3点5点。。。而我回人家的时候就下班了。。。然后还有周末人家可能不上班，来来回回四五天才拿到。

格式：xml格式

1G多，drugbank是根目录，一级子目录下面包含了很多drug，每个drug有很多属性

比如drugbank-id primary 这个就是他的ID，这个在很多代码里看到过，应该是他们处理好了以后的。

这里我把第一个drugbank的数据拿出来就都明白了。

另外，处理这个数据的一篇比较好的论文代码：

https://github.com/tticoin/DESC_MOL-DDIE/tree/master/databaseb

看看人家的readme部分，如果shell脚本看不懂的话也没关系，直接去读get_dict.py代码应该也能懂的，快速了解drugbank的方式

drugbank太大了，不方便调试，建议取出一个drug来测试（下面的代码）

<drugbank>
<drug type="biotech" created="2005-06-13" updated="2021-10-03">
  <drugbank-id primary="true">DB00001</drugbank-id>
  <drugbank-id>BTD00024</drugbank-id>
  <drugbank-id>BIOD00024</drugbank-id>
  <name>Lepirudin</name>
  <description>Lepirudin is identical to natural hirudin except for substitution of leucine for isoleucine at the N-terminal end of the molecule and the absence of a sulfate group on the tyrosine at position 63. It is produced via yeast cells. Bayer ceased the production of lepirudin (Refludan) effective May 31, 2012.</description>
  <cas-number>138068-37-8</cas-number>
  <unii>Y43GF64R34</unii>
  <state>liquid</state>
  <groups>
    <group>approved</group>
  </groups>
  <general-references>
    <articles>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A1</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>16244762</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Smythe MA, Stephens JL, Koerber JM, Mattson JC: A comparison of lepirudin and argatroban outcomes. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2005 Oct;11(4):371-4.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A2</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>16690967</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Tardy B, Lecompte T, Boelhen F, Tardy-Poncet B, Elalamy I, Morange P, Gruel Y, Wolf M, Francois D, Racadot E, Camarasa P, Blouch MT, Nguyen F, Doubine S, Dutrillaux F, Alhenc-Gelas M, Martin-Toutain I, Bauters A, Ffrench P, de Maistre E, Grunebaum L, Mouton C, Huisse MG, Gouault-Heilmann M, Lucke V: Predictive factors for thrombosis and major bleeding in an observational study in 181 patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia treated with lepirudin. Blood. 2006 Sep 1;108(5):1492-6. Epub 2006 May 11.</citation>
      </article>
      <article>
        <ref-id>A3</ref-id>
        <pubmed-id>16241940</pubmed-id>
        <citation>Lubenow N, Eichler P, Lietz T, Greinacher A: Lepirudin in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia - results of the third prospective study (HAT-3) and a combined analysis of HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Nov;3(11):2428-36.</citation>
      </article>
    </articles>
    <textbooks/>
    <links>
      <link>
        <ref-id>L48</ref-id>
        <title>Google books</title>
        <url>http://books.google.com/books?id=iadLoXoQkWEC&amp;pg=PA440</url>
      </link>
    </links>
    <attachments/>
  </general-references>
  <synthesis-reference/>
  <indication>For the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia</indication>
  <pharmacodynamics>Lepirudin is used to break up clots and to reduce thrombocytopenia. It binds to thrombin and prevents thrombus or clot formation. It is a highly potent, selective, and essentially irreversible inhibitor of thrombin and clot-bond thrombin. Lepirudin requires no cofactor for its anticoagulant action. Lepirudin is a recombinant form of hirudin, an endogenous anticoagulant found in medicinal leeches.</pharmacodynamics>
  <mechanism-of-action>Lepirudin forms a stable non-covalent complex with alpha-thrombin, thereby abolishing its ability to cleave fibrinogen and initiate the clotting cascade. The inhibition of thrombin prevents the blood clotting cascade. </mechanism-of-action>
  <toxicity>In case of overdose (eg, suggested by excessively high aPTT values) the risk of bleeding is increased.</toxicity>
  <metabolism>Lepirudin is thought to be metabolized by release of amino acids via catabolic hydrolysis of the parent drug. However, con-clusive data are not available. About 48% of the administration dose is excreted in the urine which consists of unchanged drug (35%) and other fragments of the parent drug.</metabolism>
  <absorption>Bioavailability is 100% following injection.</absorption>
  <half-life>Approximately 1.3 hours</half-life>
  <protein-binding/>
  <route-of-elimination>Lepirudin is thought to be metabolized by release of amino acids via catabolic hydrolysis of the parent drug. About 48% of the administration dose is excreted in the urine which consists of unchanged drug (35%) and other fragments of the parent drug.</route-of-elimination>
  <volume-of-distribution>* 12.2 L [Healthy young subjects (n = 18, age 18-60 years)]&#13;
* 18.7 L [Healthy elderly subjects (n = 10, age 65-80 years)]&#13;
* 18 L [Renally impaired patients (n = 16, creatinine clearance below 80 mL/min)]&#13;
* 32.1 L [HIT patients (n = 73)]</volume-of-distribution>
  <clearance>* 164 ml/min [Healthy 18-60 yrs]&#13;
* 139 ml/min [Healthy 65-80 yrs]&#13;
* 61 ml/min [renal impaired]&#13;
* 114 ml/min [HIT (Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)]</clearance>
  <classification>
    <description/>
    <direct-parent>Peptides</direct-parent>
    <kingdom>Organic Compounds</kingdom>
    <superclass>Organic Acids</superclass>
    <class>Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives</class>
    <subclass>Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues</subclass>
  </classification>
  <salts/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym language="english" coder="">Hirudin variant-1</synonym>
    <synonym language="english" coder="inn">Lepirudin</synonym>
    <synonym language="english" coder="">Lepirudin recombinant</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <products>
    <product>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <labeller>Bayer</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code>50419-150</ndc-product-code>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>1998-03-06</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2013-06-30</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Powder</dosage-form>
      <strength>50 mg/1mL</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number>NDA020807</fda-application-number>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>US</country>
      <source>FDA NDC</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <labeller>Bayer</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id>02240996</dpd-id>
      <ema-product-code/>
      <ema-ma-number/>
      <started-marketing-on>2000-01-31</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2013-07-26</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Powder, for solution</dosage-form>
      <strength>50 mg / vial</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>true</approved>
      <country>Canada</country>
      <source>DPD</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <labeller>Celgene Europe Limited</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code>EMEA/H/C/000122</ema-product-code>
      <ema-ma-number>EU/1/97/035/001</ema-ma-number>
      <started-marketing-on>2016-09-08</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2012-07-27</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution, concentrate</dosage-form>
      <strength>50 mg</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>false</approved>
      <country>EU</country>
      <source>EMA</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <labeller>Celgene Europe Limited</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code>EMEA/H/C/000122</ema-product-code>
      <ema-ma-number>EU/1/97/035/002</ema-ma-number>
      <started-marketing-on>2016-09-08</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2012-07-27</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution, concentrate</dosage-form>
      <strength>50 mg</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>false</approved>
      <country>EU</country>
      <source>EMA</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <labeller>Celgene Europe Limited</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code>EMEA/H/C/000122</ema-product-code>
      <ema-ma-number>EU/1/97/035/003</ema-ma-number>
      <started-marketing-on>2016-09-08</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2012-07-27</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution, concentrate</dosage-form>
      <strength>20 mg</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>false</approved>
      <country>EU</country>
      <source>EMA</source>
    </product>
    <product>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <labeller>Celgene Europe Limited</labeller>
      <ndc-id/>
      <ndc-product-code/>
      <dpd-id/>
      <ema-product-code>EMEA/H/C/000122</ema-product-code>
      <ema-ma-number>EU/1/97/035/004</ema-ma-number>
      <started-marketing-on>2016-09-08</started-marketing-on>
      <ended-marketing-on>2012-07-27</ended-marketing-on>
      <dosage-form>Injection, solution, concentrate</dosage-form>
      <strength>20 mg</strength>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <fda-application-number/>
      <generic>false</generic>
      <over-the-counter>false</over-the-counter>
      <approved>false</approved>
      <country>EU</country>
      <source>EMA</source>
    </product>
  </products>
  <international-brands/>
  <mixtures>
    <mixture>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <ingredients>Lepirudin</ingredients>
    </mixture>
    <mixture>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <ingredients>Lepirudin</ingredients>
    </mixture>
    <mixture>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <ingredients>Lepirudin</ingredients>
    </mixture>
    <mixture>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <ingredients>Lepirudin</ingredients>
    </mixture>
    <mixture>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <ingredients>Lepirudin</ingredients>
    </mixture>
    <mixture>
      <name>Refludan</name>
      <ingredients>Lepirudin</ingredients>
    </mixture>
  </mixtures>
  <packagers>
    <packager>
      <name>Bayer Healthcare</name>
      <url>http://www.bayerhealthcare.com</url>
    </packager>
    <packager>
      <name>Berlex Labs</name>
      <url>http://www.berlex.com</url>
    </packager>
  </packagers>
  <manufacturers>
    <manufacturer generic="false" url="">Bayer healthcare pharmaceuticals inc</manufacturer>
  </manufacturers>
  <prices>
    <price>
      <description>Refludan 50 mg vial</description>
      <cost currency="USD">273.19</cost>
      <unit>vial</unit>
    </price>
  </prices>
  <categories>
    <category>
      <category>Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins</category>
      <mesh-id>D000602</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Anticoagulants</category>
      <mesh-id>D000925</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Antithrombin Proteins</category>
      <mesh-id>D058833</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Antithrombins</category>
      <mesh-id>D000991</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Blood and Blood Forming Organs</category>
      <mesh-id/>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Cardiovascular Agents</category>
      <mesh-id>D002317</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Enzyme Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id>D004791</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Fibrin Modulating Agents</category>
      <mesh-id>D050299</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Hematologic Agents</category>
      <mesh-id>D006401</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Peptides</category>
      <mesh-id>D010455</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Protease Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id>D011480</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Proteins</category>
      <mesh-id>D011506</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Serine Protease Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id>D015842</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Serpins</category>
      <mesh-id>D015843</mesh-id>
    </category>
    <category>
      <category>Thrombin Inhibitors</category>
      <mesh-id/>
    </category>
  </categories>
  <affected-organisms>
    <affected-organism>Humans and other mammals</affected-organism>
  </affected-organisms>
  <dosages>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, powder, for suspension</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>50 mg</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, solution, concentrate</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>20 mg</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Injection, solution, concentrate</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>50 mg</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Powder</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength/>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Powder</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>50 mg/1mL</strength>
    </dosage>
    <dosage>
      <form>Powder, for solution</form>
      <route>Intravenous</route>
      <strength>50 mg / vial</strength>
    </dosage>
  </dosages>
  <atc-codes>
    <atc-code code="B01AE02">
      <level code="B01AE">Direct thrombin inhibitors</level>
      <level code="B01A">ANTITHROMBOTIC AGENTS</level>
      <level code="B01">ANTITHROMBOTIC AGENTS</level>
      <level code="B">BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS</level>
    </atc-code>
  </atc-codes>
  <ahfs-codes/>
  <pdb-entries/>
  <fda-label>//s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/drugbank/fda_labels/DB00001.pdf?1265924858</fda-label>
  <msds>//s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/drugbank/msds/DB00001.pdf?1368416245</msds>
  <patents>
    <patent>
      <number>5180668</number>
      <country>United States</country>
      <approved>1993-01-19</approved>
      <expires>2010-01-19</expires>
      <pediatric-extension>false</pediatric-extension>
    </patent>
  </patents>
  <food-interactions>
    <food-interaction>Avoid herbs and supplements with anticoagulant/antiplatelet activity. Examples include garlic, ginger, bilberry, danshen, piracetam, and ginkgo biloba.</food-interaction>
  </food-interactions>
  <drug-interactions>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06605</drugbank-id>
      <name>Apixaban</name>
      <description>Apixaban may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06695</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dabigatran etexilate</name>
      <description>Dabigatran etexilate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dasatinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Dasatinib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01609</drugbank-id>
      <name>Deferasirox</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of gastrointestinal bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Deferasirox.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01586</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ursodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ursodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02123</drugbank-id>
      <name>Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02659</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cholic Acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cholic Acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02691</drugbank-id>
      <name>Glycocholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Glycocholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Deoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Deoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04348</drugbank-id>
      <name>Taurocholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Taurocholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05990</drugbank-id>
      <name>Obeticholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Obeticholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06777</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chenodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Chenodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08833</drugbank-id>
      <name>Taurochenodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Taurochenodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08834</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tauroursodeoxycholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tauroursodeoxycholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08857</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bamet-UD2</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bamet-UD2.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11622</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dehydrocholic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dehydrocholic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11789</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hyodeoxycholic Acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and bruising can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Hyodeoxycholic Acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09075</drugbank-id>
      <name>Edoxaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Edoxaban is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09053</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibrutinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ibrutinib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08935</drugbank-id>
      <name>Obinutuzumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Obinutuzumab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06228</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rivaroxaban</name>
      <description>Lepirudin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Rivaroxaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06206</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sugammadex</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Sugammadex.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09070</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tibolone</name>
      <description>Tibolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00932</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tipranavir</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tipranavir is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00013</drugbank-id>
      <name>Urokinase</name>
      <description>Urokinase may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00163</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vitamin E</name>
      <description>Vitamin E may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09030</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vorapaxar</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Vorapaxar is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01381</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ginkgo biloba</name>
      <description>Ginkgo biloba may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01181</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ifosfamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ifosfamide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00468</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quinine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be increased when used in combination with Quinine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00908</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quinidine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be increased when used in combination with Quinidine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00675</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tamoxifen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tamoxifen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00539</drugbank-id>
      <name>Toremifene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Toremifene is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00806</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pentoxifylline</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be increased when used in combination with Pentoxifylline.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00686</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pentosan polysulfate</name>
      <description>Pentosan polysulfate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00583</drugbank-id>
      <name>Levocarnitine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be increased when used in combination with Levocarnitine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00255</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diethylstilbestrol</name>
      <description>Diethylstilbestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00269</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlorotrianisene</name>
      <description>Chlorotrianisene may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00286</drugbank-id>
      <name>Conjugated estrogens</name>
      <description>Conjugated estrogens may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01357</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mestranol</name>
      <description>Mestranol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04574</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estrone sulfate</name>
      <description>Estrone sulfate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04575</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quinestrol</name>
      <description>Quinestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07931</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hexestrol</name>
      <description>Hexestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09317</drugbank-id>
      <name>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A</name>
      <description>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, A may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09318</drugbank-id>
      <name>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B</name>
      <description>Synthetic Conjugated Estrogens, B may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09369</drugbank-id>
      <name>Polyestradiol phosphate</name>
      <description>Polyestradiol phosphate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09381</drugbank-id>
      <name>Esterified estrogens</name>
      <description>Esterified estrogens may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11478</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zeranol</name>
      <description>Zeranol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11674</drugbank-id>
      <name>Equol</name>
      <description>Equol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13143</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methallenestril</name>
      <description>Methallenestril may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13386</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epimestrol</name>
      <description>Epimestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13418</drugbank-id>
      <name>Moxestrol</name>
      <description>Moxestrol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13952</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol acetate</name>
      <description>Estradiol acetate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13953</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol benzoate</name>
      <description>Estradiol benzoate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13954</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol cypionate</name>
      <description>Estradiol cypionate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13956</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol valerate</name>
      <description>Estradiol valerate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15334</drugbank-id>
      <name>Biochanin A</name>
      <description>Biochanin A may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15335</drugbank-id>
      <name>Formononetin</name>
      <description>Formononetin may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04573</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estriol</name>
      <description>Estriol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09211</drugbank-id>
      <name>Limaprost</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Limaprost is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00159</drugbank-id>
      <name>Icosapent</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Icosapent is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00244</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mesalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mesalazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00328</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indomethacin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indomethacin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00461</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nabumetone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nabumetone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00465</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ketorolac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ketorolac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00469</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tenoxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tenoxicam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00482</drugbank-id>
      <name>Celecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Celecoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00500</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tolmetin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tolmetin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00533</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rofecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Rofecoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00554</drugbank-id>
      <name>Piroxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Piroxicam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00573</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fenoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fenoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00580</drugbank-id>
      <name>Valdecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Valdecoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00586</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diclofenac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Diclofenac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00605</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulindac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulindac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00712</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flurbiprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flurbiprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00749</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etodolac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etodolac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00784</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mefenamic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mefenamic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00788</drugbank-id>
      <name>Naproxen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Naproxen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00795</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulfasalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Sulfasalazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00812</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenylbutazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenylbutazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00814</drugbank-id>
      <name>Meloxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Meloxicam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00821</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Carprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00861</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diflunisal</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Diflunisal is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00936</drugbank-id>
      <name>Salicylic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00939</drugbank-id>
      <name>Meclofenamic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Meclofenamic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00991</drugbank-id>
      <name>Oxaprozin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Oxaprozin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01009</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ketoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ketoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01014</drugbank-id>
      <name>Balsalazide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Balsalazide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01250</drugbank-id>
      <name>Olsalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Olsalazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01283</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lumiracoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lumiracoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01397</drugbank-id>
      <name>Magnesium salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Magnesium salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01399</drugbank-id>
      <name>Salsalate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salsalate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01401</drugbank-id>
      <name>Choline magnesium trisalicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Choline magnesium trisalicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01419</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antrafenine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Antrafenine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01424</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aminophenazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Aminophenazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01435</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antipyrine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Antipyrine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01600</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tiaprofenic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tiaprofenic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01628</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etoricoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etoricoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02224</drugbank-id>
      <name>Taxifolin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Taxifolin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03585</drugbank-id>
      <name>Oxyphenbutazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Oxyphenbutazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04725</drugbank-id>
      <name>Licofelone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Licofelone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04812</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benoxaprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benoxaprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04817</drugbank-id>
      <name>Metamizole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Metamizole is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04828</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zomepirac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Zomepirac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05095</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cimicoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Cimicoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06725</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lornoxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lornoxicam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06736</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aceclofenac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Aceclofenac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06737</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zaltoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Zaltoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07402</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azapropazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Azapropazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08439</drugbank-id>
      <name>Parecoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Parecoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08797</drugbank-id>
      <name>Salicylamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Salicylamide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08940</drugbank-id>
      <name>Kebuzone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Kebuzone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08942</drugbank-id>
      <name>Isoxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Isoxicam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08951</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08955</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibuproxam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ibuproxam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08976</drugbank-id>
      <name>Floctafenine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Floctafenine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08981</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fenbufen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fenbufen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08984</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etofenamate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Etofenamate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08991</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epirizole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Epirizole is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09084</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benzydamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benzydamine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09214</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dexketoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Dexketoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09215</drugbank-id>
      <name>Droxicam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Droxicam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09216</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tolfenamic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tolfenamic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09217</drugbank-id>
      <name>Firocoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Firocoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09218</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clonixin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Clonixin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09285</drugbank-id>
      <name>Morniflumate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Morniflumate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09288</drugbank-id>
      <name>Propacetamol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Propacetamol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09295</drugbank-id>
      <name>Talniflumate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Talniflumate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11455</drugbank-id>
      <name>Robenacoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Robenacoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11466</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tepoxalin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tepoxalin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11518</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flunixin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flunixin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12399</drugbank-id>
      <name>Polmacoxib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Polmacoxib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12610</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ebselen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ebselen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13001</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tinoridine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tinoridine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13167</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alclofenac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Alclofenac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13217</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fentiazac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Fentiazac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13232</drugbank-id>
      <name>Suxibuzone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Suxibuzone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13286</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bumadizone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Bumadizone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13314</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alminoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Alminoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13371</drugbank-id>
      <name>Difenpiramide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Difenpiramide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13407</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nifenazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nifenazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13432</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lonazolac</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lonazolac is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13481</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tenidap</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tenidap is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13524</drugbank-id>
      <name>Propyphenazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Propyphenazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13527</drugbank-id>
      <name>Proglumetacin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Proglumetacin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13538</drugbank-id>
      <name>Guacetisal</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Guacetisal is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13544</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethenzamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Ethenzamide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13612</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carbaspirin calcium</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Carbaspirin calcium is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13629</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mofebutazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mofebutazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13649</drugbank-id>
      <name>Proquazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Proquazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13657</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benorilate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benorilate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13722</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pirprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pirprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13860</drugbank-id>
      <name>Imidazole salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Imidazole salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14059</drugbank-id>
      <name>SC-236</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when SC-236 is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14060</drugbank-id>
      <name>NS-398</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when NS-398 is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14938</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flurbiprofen axetil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Flurbiprofen axetil is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09212</drugbank-id>
      <name>Loxoprofen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Loxoprofen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04552</drugbank-id>
      <name>Niflumic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Niflumic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04865</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omacetaxine mepesuccinate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Omacetaxine mepesuccinate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11133</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omega-3 fatty acids</name>
      <description>Omega-3 fatty acids may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00081</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tositumomab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tositumomab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00048</drugbank-id>
      <name>Collagenase clostridium histolyticum</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Collagenase clostridium histolyticum.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00389</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carbimazole</name>
      <description>Carbimazole may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00550</drugbank-id>
      <name>Propylthiouracil</name>
      <description>Propylthiouracil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00763</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methimazole</name>
      <description>Methimazole may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03374</drugbank-id>
      <name>3,5-Diiodotyrosine</name>
      <description>3,5-Diiodotyrosine may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06715</drugbank-id>
      <name>Potassium Iodide</name>
      <description>Potassium Iodide may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07637</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dibromotyrosine</name>
      <description>Dibromotyrosine may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09418</drugbank-id>
      <name>Potassium perchlorate</name>
      <description>Potassium perchlorate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13644</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methylthiouracil</name>
      <description>Methylthiouracil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13804</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benzylthiouracil</name>
      <description>Benzylthiouracil may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04066</drugbank-id>
      <name>p-Coumaric acid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with p-Coumaric acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04682</drugbank-id>
      <name>Octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05830</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trestolone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Trestolone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lonidamine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Lonidamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08867</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ulipristal</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ulipristal.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11507</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cloprostenol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cloprostenol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12025</drugbank-id>
      <name>Triptolide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Triptolide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13044</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gossypol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Gossypol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00294</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etonogestrel</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Etonogestrel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00378</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dydrogesterone</name>
      <description>Dydrogesterone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00396</drugbank-id>
      <name>Progesterone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Progesterone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01431</drugbank-id>
      <name>Allylestrenol</name>
      <description>Allylestrenol may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06713</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norelgestromin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Norelgestromin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06789</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxyprogesterone caproate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Hydroxyprogesterone caproate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09124</drugbank-id>
      <name>Medrogestone</name>
      <description>Medrogestone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11372</drugbank-id>
      <name>Altrenogest</name>
      <description>Altrenogest may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11636</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nomegestrol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Nomegestrol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13230</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gestonorone</name>
      <description>Gestonorone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13533</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methylestrenolone</name>
      <description>Methylestrenolone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13602</drugbank-id>
      <name>Promegestone</name>
      <description>Promegestone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13866</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etynodiol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Etynodiol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14570</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxyprogesterone</name>
      <description>Hydroxyprogesterone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14679</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quingestanol acetate</name>
      <description>Quingestanol acetate may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00233</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aminosalicylic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Aminosalicylic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01294</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bismuth subsalicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Bismuth subsalicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06251</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dersalazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Dersalazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06807</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenyl aminosalicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Phenyl aminosalicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09543</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methyl salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Methyl salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11079</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trolamine salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Trolamine salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13509</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aloxiprin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Aloxiprin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14006</drugbank-id>
      <name>Choline salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Choline salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14026</drugbank-id>
      <name>Thiosalicylic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Thiosalicylic acid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00054</drugbank-id>
      <name>Abciximab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Abciximab is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00063</drugbank-id>
      <name>Eptifibatide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Eptifibatide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00208</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ticlopidine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ticlopidine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00261</drugbank-id>
      <name>Anagrelide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Anagrelide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00758</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clopidogrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Clopidogrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00775</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tirofiban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tirofiban is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00975</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dipyridamole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Dipyridamole is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01088</drugbank-id>
      <name>Iloprost</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Iloprost is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01138</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulfinpyrazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sulfinpyrazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01166</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cilostazol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Cilostazol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01207</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ridogrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ridogrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01236</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sevoflurane</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sevoflurane is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01240</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epoprostenol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Epoprostenol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02709</drugbank-id>
      <name>Resveratrol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Resveratrol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04743</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nimesulide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nimesulide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04905</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tesmilifene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tesmilifene is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04932</drugbank-id>
      <name>Defibrotide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Defibrotide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05229</drugbank-id>
      <name>Beraprost</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Beraprost is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibudilast</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ibudilast is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05767</drugbank-id>
      <name>Andrographolide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Andrographolide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06081</drugbank-id>
      <name>Caplacizumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Caplacizumab is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06209</drugbank-id>
      <name>Prasugrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Prasugrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06441</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cangrelor</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Cangrelor is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07615</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tranilast</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tranilast is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08814</drugbank-id>
      <name>Triflusal</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Triflusal is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08816</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ticagrelor</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ticagrelor is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08887</drugbank-id>
      <name>Icosapent ethyl</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Icosapent ethyl is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09283</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trapidil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Trapidil is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12092</drugbank-id>
      <name>Naftopidil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Naftopidil is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12163</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sarpogrelate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sarpogrelate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12321</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ifetroban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ifetroban is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12445</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nitroaspirin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nitroaspirin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12465</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ketanserin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ketanserin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12545</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indobufen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Indobufen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12749</drugbank-id>
      <name>Butylphthalide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Butylphthalide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12771</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxytyrosol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Hydroxytyrosol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13036</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ramatroban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ramatroban is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13327</drugbank-id>
      <name>Picotamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Picotamide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cloricromen</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Cloricromen is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13400</drugbank-id>
      <name>Linsidomine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Linsidomine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13510</drugbank-id>
      <name>Buflomedil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Buflomedil is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13929</drugbank-id>
      <name>Relcovaptan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Relcovaptan is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15786</drugbank-id>
      <name>Maritime pine extract</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Maritime pine extract is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00374</drugbank-id>
      <name>Treprostinil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Treprostinil is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03404</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hemin</name>
      <description>Hemin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13783</drugbank-id>
      <name>Acemetacin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Acemetacin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00624</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone</name>
      <description>Testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01420</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone propionate</name>
      <description>Testosterone propionate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01481</drugbank-id>
      <name>1-Testosterone</name>
      <description>1-Testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01485</drugbank-id>
      <name>4-Hydroxytestosterone</name>
      <description>4-Hydroxytestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01510</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone</name>
      <description>Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01541</drugbank-id>
      <name>Boldenone</name>
      <description>Boldenone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01543</drugbank-id>
      <name>18-methyl-19-nortestosterone</name>
      <description>18-methyl-19-nortestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01564</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calusterone</name>
      <description>Calusterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01569</drugbank-id>
      <name>Formebolone</name>
      <description>Formebolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01572</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methyl-1-testosterone</name>
      <description>Methyl-1-testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07447</drugbank-id>
      <name>5beta-dihydrotestosterone</name>
      <description>5beta-dihydrotestosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone succinate</name>
      <description>Testosterone succinate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11429</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mibolerone</name>
      <description>Mibolerone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13943</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone cypionate</name>
      <description>Testosterone cypionate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13944</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone enanthate</name>
      <description>Testosterone enanthate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13946</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone undecanoate</name>
      <description>Testosterone undecanoate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13947</drugbank-id>
      <name>Testosterone enantate benzilic acid hydrazone</name>
      <description>Testosterone enantate benzilic acid hydrazone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13951</drugbank-id>
      <name>Stanolone acetate</name>
      <description>Stanolone acetate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13958</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trestolone acetate</name>
      <description>Trestolone acetate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14093</drugbank-id>
      <name>(1,2,6,7-3H)Testosterone</name>
      <description>(1,2,6,7-3H)Testosterone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14655</drugbank-id>
      <name>Drostanolone propionate</name>
      <description>Drostanolone propionate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02901</drugbank-id>
      <name>Stanolone</name>
      <description>Stanolone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11051</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azficel-T</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Azficel-T.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09568</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omega-3-carboxylic acids</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be increased when used in combination with Omega-3-carboxylic acids.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00025</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antihemophilic factor, human recombinant</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor, human recombinant can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00036</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation factor VIIa Recombinant Human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation factor VIIa Recombinant Human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00100</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant)</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant) can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00258</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium acetate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium acetate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01164</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium chloride</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium chloride can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01373</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01783</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pantothenic acid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Pantothenic acid can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01942</drugbank-id>
      <name>Formic acid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Formic acid can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02261</drugbank-id>
      <name>Platelet Activating Factor</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Platelet Activating Factor can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06724</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium carbonate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium carbonate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09109</drugbank-id>
      <name>Turoctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Turoctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09222</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fibrinogen human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Fibrinogen human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09310</drugbank-id>
      <name>Catridecacog</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Catridecacog can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09329</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylated</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor (recombinant), PEGylated can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11093</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium citrate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium citrate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11126</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium gluconate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium gluconate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11168</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium threonate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium threonate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11311</drugbank-id>
      <name>Prothrombin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Prothrombin can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11330</drugbank-id>
      <name>Factor IX Complex (Human)</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Factor IX Complex (Human) can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11348</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium Phosphate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium Phosphate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11606</drugbank-id>
      <name>Susoctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Susoctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11608</drugbank-id>
      <name>Eftrenonacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Eftrenonacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11668</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rusalatide acetate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Rusalatide acetate can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12409</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vatreptacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Vatreptacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12909</drugbank-id>
      <name>Factor XIII (human)</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Factor XIII (human) can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13133</drugbank-id>
      <name>Von Willebrand factor human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Von Willebrand factor human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13148</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation factor X human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation factor X human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13150</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation factor VII human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation factor VII human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13151</drugbank-id>
      <name>Anti-inhibitor coagulant complex</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Anti-inhibitor coagulant complex can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13152</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coagulation Factor IX Human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Coagulation Factor IX Human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13192</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antihemophilic factor human</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Antihemophilic factor human can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13197</drugbank-id>
      <name>Kallidinogenase</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Kallidinogenase can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13201</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trenonacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Trenonacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13884</drugbank-id>
      <name>Albutrepenonacog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Albutrepenonacog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13923</drugbank-id>
      <name>Emicizumab</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Emicizumab can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13933</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nonacog beta pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Nonacog beta pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13999</drugbank-id>
      <name>Moroctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Moroctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14473</drugbank-id>
      <name>Beroctocog alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Beroctocog alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14562</drugbank-id>
      <name>Andexanet alfa</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Andexanet alfa can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14577</drugbank-id>
      <name>Calcium cation</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Calcium cation can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14700</drugbank-id>
      <name>Damoctocog alfa pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Damoctocog alfa pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14738</drugbank-id>
      <name>Turoctocog alfa pegol</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Turoctocog alfa pegol can be decreased when used in combination with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00176</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluvoxamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Fluvoxamine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00215</drugbank-id>
      <name>Citalopram</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Citalopram is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00472</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluoxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Fluoxetine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00715</drugbank-id>
      <name>Paroxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Paroxetine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01149</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nefazodone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Nefazodone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04832</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zimelidine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Zimelidine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04884</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dapoxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Dapoxetine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06731</drugbank-id>
      <name>Seproxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Seproxetine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08953</drugbank-id>
      <name>Indalpine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Indalpine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12693</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ritanserin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Ritanserin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13233</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alaproclate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Alaproclate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00476</drugbank-id>
      <name>Duloxetine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Duloxetine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01105</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sibutramine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Sibutramine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04896</drugbank-id>
      <name>Milnacipran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Milnacipran is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06700</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desvenlafaxine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Desvenlafaxine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08918</drugbank-id>
      <name>Levomilnacipran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Levomilnacipran is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00285</drugbank-id>
      <name>Venlafaxine</name>
      <description>Venlafaxine may increase the antiplatelet activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00601</drugbank-id>
      <name>Linezolid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Linezolid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00614</drugbank-id>
      <name>Furazolidone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Furazolidone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00721</drugbank-id>
      <name>Procaine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Procaine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00752</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tranylcypromine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Tranylcypromine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00780</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenelzine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenelzine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00805</drugbank-id>
      <name>Minaprine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Minaprine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01037</drugbank-id>
      <name>Selegiline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Selegiline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01168</drugbank-id>
      <name>Procarbazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Procarbazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01171</drugbank-id>
      <name>Moclobemide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Moclobemide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01247</drugbank-id>
      <name>Isocarboxazid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Isocarboxazid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rasagiline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Rasagiline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01626</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pargyline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pargyline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04017</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clorgiline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Clorgiline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04818</drugbank-id>
      <name>Iproniazid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Iproniazid is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04820</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nialamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Nialamide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06654</drugbank-id>
      <name>Safinamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Safinamide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08550</drugbank-id>
      <name>7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when 7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09241</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methylene blue</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Methylene blue is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09243</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydracarbazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Hydracarbazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09244</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pirlindole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pirlindole is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09245</drugbank-id>
      <name>Toloxatone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Toloxatone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09246</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benmoxin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Benmoxin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09248</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mebanazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Mebanazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09249</drugbank-id>
      <name>Octamoxin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Octamoxin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09250</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pheniprazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pheniprazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09251</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenoxypropazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Phenoxypropazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09252</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pivhydrazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Pivhydrazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09253</drugbank-id>
      <name>Safrazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Safrazine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Caroxazone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Caroxazone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13875</drugbank-id>
      <name>Harmaline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Harmaline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13876</drugbank-id>
      <name>Brofaromine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Brofaromine is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00006</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bivalirudin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bivalirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dicoumarol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dicoumarol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00278</drugbank-id>
      <name>Argatroban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Argatroban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00407</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ardeparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ardeparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00498</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenindione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Phenindione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00569</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fondaparinux</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Fondaparinux.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00682</drugbank-id>
      <name>Warfarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Warfarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00946</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenprocoumon</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Phenprocoumon.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00974</drugbank-id>
      <name>Edetic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Edetic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01109</drugbank-id>
      <name>Heparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Heparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01225</drugbank-id>
      <name>Enoxaparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Enoxaparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01418</drugbank-id>
      <name>Acenocoumarol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Acenocoumarol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04898</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ximelagatran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ximelagatran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05099</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ancrod</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ancrod.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06271</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sulodexide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Sulodexide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06406</drugbank-id>
      <name>Idraparinux</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Idraparinux.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06635</drugbank-id>
      <name>Otamixaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Otamixaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06754</drugbank-id>
      <name>Danaparoid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Danaparoid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06779</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dalteparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dalteparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB07767</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ferulic acid</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ferulic acid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08794</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethyl biscoumacetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ethyl biscoumacetate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08813</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nadroparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Nadroparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09255</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dextran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dextran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11095</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desirudin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Desirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11268</drugbank-id>
      <name>Protocatechualdehyde</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Protocatechualdehyde.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11312</drugbank-id>
      <name>Protein C</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Protein C.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11598</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antithrombin III human</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Antithrombin III human.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11984</drugbank-id>
      <name>Letaxaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Letaxaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12289</drugbank-id>
      <name>Darexaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Darexaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12598</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nafamostat</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Nafamostat.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12831</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gabexate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Gabexate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13124</drugbank-id>
      <name>Troxerutin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Troxerutin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13136</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluindione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Fluindione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13149</drugbank-id>
      <name>Protein S human</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Protein S human.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13616</drugbank-id>
      <name>Melagatran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Melagatran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09125</drugbank-id>
      <name>Potassium citrate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Potassium citrate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09154</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sodium citrate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Sodium citrate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00031</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tenecteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tenecteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00055</drugbank-id>
      <name>Drotrecogin alfa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Drotrecogin alfa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06822</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tinzaparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tinzaparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13199</drugbank-id>
      <name>Brinase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Brinase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13646</drugbank-id>
      <name>Saruplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Saruplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00086</drugbank-id>
      <name>Streptokinase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Streptokinase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04925</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desmoteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Desmoteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fibrinolysin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Fibrinolysin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06543</drugbank-id>
      <name>Astaxanthin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Astaxanthin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08994</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ditazole</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ditazole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09258</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bemiparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bemiparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09260</drugbank-id>
      <name>Parnaparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Parnaparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13275</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clorindione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Clorindione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13347</drugbank-id>
      <name>Diphenadione</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Diphenadione.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13451</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tioclomarol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tioclomarol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00009</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Alteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00015</drugbank-id>
      <name>Reteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Reteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00029</drugbank-id>
      <name>Anistreplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Anistreplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14094</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tocopherylquinone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tocopherylquinone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06679</drugbank-id>
      <name>Amediplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Amediplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB03410</drugbank-id>
      <name>4-hydroxycoumarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with 4-hydroxycoumarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08496</drugbank-id>
      <name>(R)-warfarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with (R)-warfarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14055</drugbank-id>
      <name>(S)-Warfarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with (S)-Warfarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12364</drugbank-id>
      <name>Betrixaban</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Betrixaban.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14598</drugbank-id>
      <name>Edetate calcium disodium anhydrous</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Edetate calcium disodium anhydrous.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11154</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zinc citrate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Zinc citrate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11166</drugbank-id>
      <name>Antithrombin Alfa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Antithrombin Alfa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04665</drugbank-id>
      <name>Coumarin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Coumarin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14726</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dabigatran</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dabigatran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06294</drugbank-id>
      <name>Semuloparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Semuloparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12726</drugbank-id>
      <name>Monteplase</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Monteplase.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09259</drugbank-id>
      <name>Reviparin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Reviparin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15880</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dermatan sulfate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dermatan sulfate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05361</drugbank-id>
      <name>SR-123781A</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with SR-123781A.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB16481</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dociparstat sodium</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dociparstat sodium.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00203</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sildenafil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of hemorrhage can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Sildenafil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00008</drugbank-id>
      <name>Peginterferon alfa-2a</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2a.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00011</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-n1</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-n1.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00018</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-n3</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-n3.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00022</drugbank-id>
      <name>Peginterferon alfa-2b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Peginterferon alfa-2b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00033</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon gamma-1b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon gamma-1b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00034</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-2a</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-2a.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00041</drugbank-id>
      <name>Aldesleukin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Aldesleukin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00056</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gemtuzumab ozogamicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Gemtuzumab ozogamicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00068</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon beta-1b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon beta-1b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00069</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfacon-1</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon alfacon-1.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00073</drugbank-id>
      <name>Rituximab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Rituximab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00078</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ibritumomab tiuxetan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ibritumomab tiuxetan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00087</drugbank-id>
      <name>Alemtuzumab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Alemtuzumab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00105</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa-2b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon alfa-2b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00120</drugbank-id>
      <name>Phenylalanine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Phenylalanine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00188</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bortezomib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bortezomib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00242</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cladribine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cladribine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00262</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carmustine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Carmustine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00276</drugbank-id>
      <name>Amsacrine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Amsacrine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00291</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlorambucil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Chlorambucil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00293</drugbank-id>
      <name>Raltitrexed</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Raltitrexed.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00305</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mitomycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Mitomycin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00307</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bexarotene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bexarotene.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00309</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vindesine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Vindesine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00322</drugbank-id>
      <name>Floxuridine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Floxuridine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00352</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tioguanine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tioguanine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00361</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vinorelbine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Vinorelbine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00380</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dexrazoxane</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dexrazoxane.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00398</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sorafenib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Sorafenib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00428</drugbank-id>
      <name>Streptozocin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Streptozocin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00441</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gemcitabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Gemcitabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00444</drugbank-id>
      <name>Teniposide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Teniposide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00445</drugbank-id>
      <name>Epirubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Epirubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00446</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chloramphenicol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Chloramphenicol.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00480</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lenalidomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Lenalidomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00488</drugbank-id>
      <name>Altretamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Altretamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00495</drugbank-id>
      <name>Zidovudine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Zidovudine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00515</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cisplatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cisplatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00526</drugbank-id>
      <name>Oxaliplatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Oxaliplatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00531</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyclophosphamide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cyclophosphamide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00544</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fluorouracil</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Fluorouracil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00552</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pentostatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Pentostatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00563</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methotrexate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Methotrexate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00564</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carbamazepine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Carbamazepine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00570</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vinblastine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Vinblastine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Imatinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Imatinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00631</drugbank-id>
      <name>Clofarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Clofarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00642</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pemetrexed</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Pemetrexed.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00694</drugbank-id>
      <name>Daunorubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Daunorubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00762</drugbank-id>
      <name>Irinotecan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Irinotecan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00773</drugbank-id>
      <name>Etoposide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Etoposide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00851</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dacarbazine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dacarbazine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00853</drugbank-id>
      <name>Temozolomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Temozolomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00859</drugbank-id>
      <name>Penicillamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Penicillamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00864</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tacrolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tacrolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00877</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sirolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Sirolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00888</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mechlorethamine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Mechlorethamine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00928</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azacitidine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Azacitidine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00958</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carboplatin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Carboplatin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00970</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dactinomycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dactinomycin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00987</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cytarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cytarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00997</drugbank-id>
      <name>Doxorubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Doxorubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01005</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroxyurea</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Hydroxyurea.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01008</drugbank-id>
      <name>Busulfan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Busulfan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01030</drugbank-id>
      <name>Topotecan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Topotecan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01033</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mercaptopurine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Mercaptopurine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01041</drugbank-id>
      <name>Thalidomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Thalidomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01042</drugbank-id>
      <name>Melphalan</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Melphalan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01073</drugbank-id>
      <name>Fludarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Fludarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01099</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flucytosine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Flucytosine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01101</drugbank-id>
      <name>Capecitabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Capecitabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01169</drugbank-id>
      <name>Arsenic trioxide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Arsenic trioxide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01177</drugbank-id>
      <name>Idarubicin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Idarubicin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01204</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mitoxantrone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Mitoxantrone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01206</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lomustine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Lomustine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01229</drugbank-id>
      <name>Paclitaxel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Paclitaxel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01248</drugbank-id>
      <name>Docetaxel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Docetaxel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01262</drugbank-id>
      <name>Decitabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Decitabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01280</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nelarabine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Nelarabine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01590</drugbank-id>
      <name>Everolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Everolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB02546</drugbank-id>
      <name>Vorinostat</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Vorinostat.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04572</drugbank-id>
      <name>Thiotepa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Thiotepa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04845</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ixabepilone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ixabepilone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04868</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nilotinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Nilotinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05015</drugbank-id>
      <name>Belinostat</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Belinostat.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05109</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trabectedin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Trabectedin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05258</drugbank-id>
      <name>Interferon alfa</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Interferon alfa.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05472</drugbank-id>
      <name>Human interferon omega-1</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Human interferon omega-1.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB05773</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trastuzumab emtansine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Trastuzumab emtansine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06287</drugbank-id>
      <name>Temsirolimus</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Temsirolimus.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06616</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bosutinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bosutinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06769</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bendamustine</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Bendamustine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06772</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cabazitaxel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cabazitaxel.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08871</drugbank-id>
      <name>Eribulin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Eribulin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08877</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ruxolitinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ruxolitinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08889</drugbank-id>
      <name>Carfilzomib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Carfilzomib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08895</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tofacitinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tofacitinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08901</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ponatinib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ponatinib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB08910</drugbank-id>
      <name>Pomalidomide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Pomalidomide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09042</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tedizolid phosphate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Tedizolid phosphate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09052</drugbank-id>
      <name>Blinatumomab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Blinatumomab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09073</drugbank-id>
      <name>Palbociclib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Palbociclib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09074</drugbank-id>
      <name>Olaparib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Olaparib.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09077</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dinutuximab</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Dinutuximab.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09122</drugbank-id>
      <name>Peginterferon beta-1a</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Peginterferon beta-1a.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12814</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cepeginterferon alfa-2B</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Cepeginterferon alfa-2B.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00229</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefotiam</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefotiam.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00267</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefmenoxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefmenoxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00274</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefmetazole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefmetazole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00430</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefpiramide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefpiramide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00438</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftazidime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftazidime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00447</drugbank-id>
      <name>Loracarbef</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Loracarbef.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00456</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefalotin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefalotin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00493</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefotaxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefotaxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00535</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefdinir</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefdinir.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00567</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cephalexin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cephalexin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00671</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefixime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefixime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00689</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cephaloglycin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cephaloglycin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00833</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefaclor</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefaclor.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00923</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceforanide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceforanide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01066</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefditoren</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefditoren.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01112</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefuroxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefuroxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01139</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefapirin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefapirin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01140</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefadroxil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefadroxil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01150</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefprozil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefprozil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01212</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftriaxone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftriaxone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01326</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefamandole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefamandole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01327</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefazolin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefazolin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01328</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefonicid</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefonicid.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01329</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefoperazone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefoperazone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01330</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefotetan</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefotetan.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01331</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefoxitin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefoxitin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01332</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftizoxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftizoxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01333</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefradine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefradine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01413</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefepime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefepime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01414</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefacetrile</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefacetrile.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01415</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftibuten</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftibuten.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01416</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefpodoxime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefpodoxime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04570</drugbank-id>
      <name>Latamoxef</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Latamoxef.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04918</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftobiprole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftobiprole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06590</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftaroline fosamil</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftaroline fosamil.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09008</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefaloridine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefaloridine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09050</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftolozane</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftolozane.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09062</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefminox</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefminox.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefroxadine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefroxadine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11935</drugbank-id>
      <name>Flomoxef</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Flomoxef.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13266</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefatrizine</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefatrizine.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13461</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefcapene</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefcapene.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13470</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefodizime</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefodizime.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13499</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefsulodin</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefsulodin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13504</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefetamet</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefetamet.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13638</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefbuperazone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefbuperazone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13667</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefozopran</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefozopran.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13682</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefpirome</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefpirome.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13778</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefazedone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefazedone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13821</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ceftezole</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Ceftezole.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14725</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cefamandole nafate</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cefamandole nafate.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00254</drugbank-id>
      <name>Doxycycline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Doxycycline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00207</drugbank-id>
      <name>Azithromycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Azithromycin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09539</drugbank-id>
      <name>Omega-3-acid ethyl esters</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Omega-3-acid ethyl esters is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00945</drugbank-id>
      <name>Acetylsalicylic acid</name>
      <description>Acetylsalicylic acid may increase the anticoagulant activities of Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01606</drugbank-id>
      <name>Tazobactam</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Tazobactam is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00199</drugbank-id>
      <name>Erythromycin</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Erythromycin is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00656</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trazodone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Trazodone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00620</drugbank-id>
      <name>Triamcinolone</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Triamcinolone.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09079</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nintedanib</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Nintedanib is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01175</drugbank-id>
      <name>Escitalopram</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Escitalopram is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01104</drugbank-id>
      <name>Sertraline</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Sertraline is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00232</drugbank-id>
      <name>Methyclothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Methyclothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00436</drugbank-id>
      <name>Bendroflumethiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Bendroflumethiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00562</drugbank-id>
      <name>Benzthiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Benzthiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00606</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyclothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cyclothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00774</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydroflumethiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Hydroflumethiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00880</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlorothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Chlorothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00999</drugbank-id>
      <name>Hydrochlorothiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Hydrochlorothiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01021</drugbank-id>
      <name>Trichlormethiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Trichlormethiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01324</drugbank-id>
      <name>Polythiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Polythiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13430</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mebutizide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Mebutizide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13532</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyclopenthiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Cyclopenthiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15861</drugbank-id>
      <name>Buthiazide</name>
      <description>The therapeutic efficacy of Lepirudin can be decreased when used in combination with Buthiazide.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00783</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estradiol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Estradiol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00977</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethinylestradiol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ethinylestradiol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00834</drugbank-id>
      <name>Mifepristone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Mifepristone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13310</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ormeloxifene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ormeloxifene is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00304</drugbank-id>
      <name>Desogestrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Desogestrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00351</drugbank-id>
      <name>Megestrol acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Megestrol acetate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00367</drugbank-id>
      <name>Levonorgestrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Levonorgestrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00603</drugbank-id>
      <name>Medroxyprogesterone acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Medroxyprogesterone acetate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00717</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norethisterone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norethisterone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00823</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ethynodiol diacetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ethynodiol diacetate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB00957</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norgestimate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norgestimate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB01395</drugbank-id>
      <name>Drospirenone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Drospirenone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB04839</drugbank-id>
      <name>Cyproterone acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cyproterone acetate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB06730</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gestodene</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gestodene is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09123</drugbank-id>
      <name>Dienogest</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Dienogest is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09371</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norethynodrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norethynodrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB09389</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norgestrel</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norgestrel is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11619</drugbank-id>
      <name>Gestrinone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Gestrinone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12474</drugbank-id>
      <name>Lynestrenol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lynestrenol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13528</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlormadinone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlormadinone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13563</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norgestrienone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norgestrienone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13685</drugbank-id>
      <name>Quingestanol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Quingestanol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13857</drugbank-id>
      <name>Demegestone</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Demegestone is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB13981</drugbank-id>
      <name>Nomegestrol acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nomegestrol acetate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB14678</drugbank-id>
      <name>Norethindrone enanthate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Norethindrone enanthate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15775</drugbank-id>
      <name>Algestone acetophenide</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Algestone acetophenide is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15903</drugbank-id>
      <name>Chlormadinone acetate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlormadinone acetate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB12235</drugbank-id>
      <name>Estetrol</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Estetrol is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11201</drugbank-id>
      <name>Menthyl salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Menthyl salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB11323</drugbank-id>
      <name>Glycol salicylate</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Glycol salicylate is combined with Lepirudin.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
    <drug-interaction>
      <drugbank-id>DB15119</drugbank-id>
      <name>Ropeginterferon alfa-2b</name>
      <description>The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Lepirudin is combined with Ropeginterferon alfa-2b.</description>
    </drug-interaction>
  </drug-interactions>
  <sequences>
    <sequence format="FASTA">&gt;DB00001 sequence
LVYTDCTESGQNLCLCEGSNVCGQGNKCILGSDGEKNQCVTGEGTPKPQSHNDGDFEEIP
EEYLQ</sequence>
  </sequences>
  <experimental-properties>
    <property>
      <kind>Melting Point</kind>
      <value>65 °C</value>
      <source>Otto, A. &amp; Seckler, R. Eur. J. Biochem. 202:67-73 (1991)</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Hydrophobicity</kind>
      <value>-0.777</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Isoelectric Point</kind>
      <value>4.04</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Molecular Weight</kind>
      <value>6963.425</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>Molecular Formula</kind>
      <value>C287H440N80O110S6</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
  </experimental-properties>
  <external-identifiers>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>Drugs Product Database (DPD)</resource>
      <identifier>11916</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>PubChem Substance</resource>
      <identifier>46507011</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>KEGG Drug</resource>
      <identifier>D06880</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>PharmGKB</resource>
      <identifier>PA450195</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>UniProtKB</resource>
      <identifier>P01050</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>Therapeutic Targets Database</resource>
      <identifier>DAP000541</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>Wikipedia</resource>
      <identifier>Lepirudin</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>ChEMBL</resource>
      <identifier>CHEMBL1201666</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
    <external-identifier>
      <resource>RxCUI</resource>
      <identifier>237057</identifier>
    </external-identifier>
  </external-identifiers>
  <external-links>
    <external-link>
      <resource>RxList</resource>
      <url>http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/lepirudin.htm</url>
    </external-link>
    <external-link>
      <resource>Drugs.com</resource>
      <url>http://www.drugs.com/cdi/lepirudin.html</url>
    </external-link>
  </external-links>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <smpdb-id>SMP0000278</smpdb-id>
      <name>Lepirudin Action Pathway</name>
      <category>drug_action</category>
      <drugs>
        <drug>
          <drugbank-id>DB00001</drugbank-id>
          <name>Lepirudin</name>
        </drug>
        <drug>
          <drugbank-id>DB01022</drugbank-id>
          <name>Phylloquinone</name>
        </drug>
        <drug>
          <drugbank-id>DB01373</drugbank-id>
          <name>Calcium</name>
        </drug>
      </drugs>
      <enzymes>
        <uniprot-id>P00734</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00748</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02452</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P03952</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P03951</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00740</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00451</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P12259</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00742</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02671</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02675</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P02679</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00488</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P05160</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00747</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P00750</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P08709</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P13726</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>Q9BQB6</uniprot-id>
        <uniprot-id>P38435</uniprot-id>
      </enzymes>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <reactions/>
  <snp-effects/>
  <snp-adverse-drug-reactions/>
  <targets>
    <target>
      <id>BE0000048</id>
      <name>Prothrombin</name>
      <organism>Humans</organism>
      <actions>
        <action>inhibitor</action>
      </actions>
      <references>
        <articles>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1703</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>10505536</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Turpie AG: Anticoagulants in acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 1999 Sep 2;84(5A):2M-6M.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1705</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>10912644</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Warkentin TE: Venous thromboembolism in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 Jul;6(4):343-51.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1707</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11055889</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Eriksson BI: New therapeutic options in deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis. Semin Hematol. 2000 Jul;37(3 Suppl 5):7-9.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1709</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11467439</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Fabrizio MC: Use of ecarin clotting time (ECT) with lepirudin therapy in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and cardiopulmonary bypass. J Extra Corpor Technol. 2001 May;33(2):117-25.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A1711</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11807012</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Szaba FM, Smiley ST: Roles for thrombin and fibrin(ogen) in cytokine/chemokine production and macrophage adhesion in vivo. Blood. 2002 Feb 1;99(3):1053-9.</citation>
          </article>
          <article>
            <ref-id>A9</ref-id>
            <pubmed-id>11752352</pubmed-id>
            <citation>Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5.</citation>
          </article>
        </articles>
        <textbooks/>
        <links/>
        <attachments/>
      </references>
      <known-action>yes</known-action>
      <polypeptide id="P00734" source="Swiss-Prot">
        <name>Prothrombin</name>
        <general-function>Thrombospondin receptor activity</general-function>
        <specific-function>Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.</specific-function>
        <gene-name>F2</gene-name>
        <locus>11p11-q12</locus>
        <cellular-location>Secreted</cellular-location>
        <transmembrane-regions/>
        <signal-regions>1-24</signal-regions>
        <theoretical-pi>5.7</theoretical-pi>
        <molecular-weight>70036.295</molecular-weight>
        <chromosome-location>11</chromosome-location>
        <organism ncbi-taxonomy-id="9606">Humans</organism>
        <external-identifiers>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)</resource>
            <identifier>HGNC:3535</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenAtlas</resource>
            <identifier>F2</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenBank Gene Database</resource>
            <identifier>M17262</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>GenBank Protein Database</resource>
            <identifier>339641</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>Guide to Pharmacology</resource>
            <identifier>2362</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>UniProtKB</resource>
            <identifier>P00734</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
          <external-identifier>
            <resource>UniProt Accession</resource>
            <identifier>THRB_HUMAN</identifier>
          </external-identifier>
        </external-identifiers>
        <synonyms>
          <synonym>3.4.21.5</synonym>
          <synonym>Coagulation factor II</synonym>
        </synonyms>
        <amino-acid-sequence format="FASTA">&gt;lcl|BSEQ0016004|Prothrombin
MAHVRGLQLPGCLALAALCSLVHSQHVFLAPQQARSLLQRVRRANTFLEEVRKGNLEREC
VEETCSYEEAFEALESSTATDVFWAKYTACETARTPRDKLAACLEGNCAEGLGTNYRGHV
NITRSGIECQLWRSRYPHKPEINSTTHPGADLQENFCRNPDSSTTGPWCYTTDPTVRRQE
CSIPVCGQDQVTVAMTPRSEGSSVNLSPPLEQCVPDRGQQYQGRLAVTTHGLPCLAWASA
QAKALSKHQDFNSAVQLVENFCRNPDGDEEGVWCYVAGKPGDFGYCDLNYCEEAVEEETG
DGLDEDSDRAIEGRTATSEYQTFFNPRTFGSGEADCGLRPLFEKKSLEDKTERELLESYI
DGRIVEGSDAEIGMSPWQVMLFRKSPQELLCGASLISDRWVLTAAHCLLYPPWDKNFTEN
DLLVRIGKHSRTRYERNIEKISMLEKIYIHPRYNWRENLDRDIALMKLKKPVAFSDYIHP
VCLPDRETAASLLQAGYKGRVTGWGNLKETWTANVGKGQPSVLQVVNLPIVERPVCKDST
RIRITDNMFCAGYKPDEGKRGDACEGDSGGPFVMKSPFNNRWYQMGIVSWGEGCDRDGKY
GFYTHVFRLKKWIQKVIDQFGE</amino-acid-sequence>
        <gene-sequence format="FASTA">&gt;lcl|BSEQ0016005|Prothrombin (F2)
ATGGCGCACGTCCGAGGCTTGCAGCTGCCTGGCTGCCTGGCCCTGGCTGCCCTGTGTAGC
CTTGTGCACAGCCAGCATGTGTTCCTGGCTCCTCAGCAAGCACGGTCGCTGCTCCAGCGG
GTCCGGCGAGCCAACACCTTCTTGGAGGAGGTGCGCAAGGGCAACCTGGAGCGAGAGTGC
GTGGAGGAGACGTGCAGCTACGAGGAGGCCTTCGAGGCTCTGGAGTCCTCCACGGCTACG
GATGTGTTCTGGGCCAAGTACACAGCTTGTGAGACAGCGAGGACGCCTCGAGATAAGCTT
GCTGCATGTCTGGAAGGTAACTGTGCTGAGGGTCTGGGTACGAACTACCGAGGGCATGTG
AACATCACCCGGTCAGGCATTGAGTGCCAGCTATGGAGGAGTCGCTACCCACATAAGCCT
GAAATCAACTCCACTACCCATCCTGGGGCCGACCTACAGGAGAATTTCTGCCGCAACCCC
GACAGCAGCACCACGGGACCCTGGTGCTACACTACAGACCCCACCGTGAGGAGGCAGGAA
TGCAGCATCCCTGTCTGTGGCCAGGATCAAGTCACTGTAGCGATGACTCCACGCTCCGAA
GGCTCCAGTGTGAATCTGTCACCTCCATTGGAGCAGTGTGTCCCTGATCGGGGGCAGCAG
TACCAGGGGCGCCTGGCGGTGACCACACATGGGCTCCCCTGCCTGGCCTGGGCCAGCGCA
CAGGCCAAGGCCCTGAGCAAGCACCAGGACTTCAACTCAGCTGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGAAC
TTCTGCCGCAACCCAGACGGGGATGAGGAGGGCGTGTGGTGCTATGTGGCCGGGAAGCCT
GGCGACTTTGGGTACTGCGACCTCAACTATTGTGAGGAGGCCGTGGAGGAGGAGACAGGA
GATGGGCTGGATGAGGACTCAGACAGGGCCATCGAAGGGCGTACCGCCACCAGTGAGTAC
CAGACTTTCTTCAATCCGAGGACCTTTGGCTCGGGAGAGGCAGACTGTGGGCTGCGACCT
CTGTTCGAGAAGAAGTCGCTGGAGGACAAAACCGAAAGAGAGCTCCTGGAATCCTACATC
GACGGGCGCATTGTGGAGGGCTCGGATGCAGAGATCGGCATGTCACCTTGGCAGGTGATG
CTTTTCCGGAAGAGTCCCCAGGAGCTGCTGTGTGGGGCCAGCCTCATCAGTGACCGCTGG
GTCCTCACCGCCGCCCACTGCCTCCTGTACCCGCCCTGGGACAAGAACTTCACCGAGAAT
GACCTTCTGGTGCGCATTGGCAAGCACTCCCGCACCAGGTACGAGCGAAACATTGAAAAG
ATATCCATGTTGGAAAAGATCTACATCCACCCCAGGTACAACTGGCGGGAGAACCTGGAC
CGGGACATTGCCCTGATGAAGCTGAAGAAGCCTGTTGCCTTCAGTGACTACATTCACCCT
GTGTGTCTGCCCGACAGGGAGACGGCAGCCAGCTTGCTCCAGGCTGGATACAAGGGGCGG
GTGACAGGCTGGGGCAACCTGAAGGAGACGTGGACAGCCAACGTTGGTAAGGGGCAGCCC
AGTGTCCTGCAGGTGGTGAACCTGCCCATTGTGGAGCGGCCGGTCTGCAAGGACTCCACC
CGGATCCGCATCACTGACAACATGTTCTGTGCTGGTTACAAGCCTGATGAAGGGAAACGA
GGGGATGCCTGTGAAGGTGACAGTGGGGGACCCTTTGTCATGAAGAGCCCCTTTAACAAC
CGCTGGTATCAAATGGGCATCGTCTCATGGGGTGAAGGCTGTGACCGGGATGGGAAATAT
GGCTTCTACACACATGTGTTCCGCCTGAAGAAGTGGATACAGAAGGTCATTGATCAGTTT
GGAGAGTAG</gene-sequence>
        <pfams>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF00594</identifier>
            <name>Gla</name>
          </pfam>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF00051</identifier>
            <name>Kringle</name>
          </pfam>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF00089</identifier>
            <name>Trypsin</name>
          </pfam>
          <pfam>
            <identifier>PF09396</identifier>
            <name>Thrombin_light</name>
          </pfam>
        </pfams>
        <go-classifiers>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>blood microparticle</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>cytosol</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>endoplasmic reticulum lumen</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular exosome</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular matrix</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular region</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>extracellular space</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>Golgi lumen</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>component</category>
            <description>plasma membrane</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>calcium ion binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>growth factor activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>receptor binding</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>serine-type endopeptidase activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>function</category>
            <description>thrombospondin receptor activity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>acute-phase response</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>blood coagulation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cell surface receptor signaling pathway</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cellular protein metabolic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cellular response to mechanical stimulus</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>cytosolic calcium ion homeostasis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>fibrinolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>leukocyte migration</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>multicellular organismal development</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of fibrinolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of platelet activation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>negative regulation of proteolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>platelet activation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of blood coagulation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of cell growth</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of cell proliferation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of protein phosphorylation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>post-translational protein modification</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>proteolysis</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>regulation of blood coagulation</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>regulation of cell shape</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>regulation of gene expression</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>response to inactivity</description>
          </go-classifier>
          <go-classifier>
            <category>process</category>
            <description>response to wounding</description>
          </go-classifier>
        </go-classifiers>
      </polypeptide>
    </target>
  </targets>
  <enzymes/>
  <carriers/>
  <transporters/>
</drug>
</drugbank>