深入理解D3D11_BUFFER_DESC

1、缓存区资源描述

typedef struct D3D11_BUFFER_DESC {
  UINT        ByteWidth;
  D3D11_USAGE Usage;
  UINT        BindFlags;
  UINT        CPUAccessFlags;
  UINT        MiscFlags;
  UINT        StructureByteStride;
} D3D11_BUFFER_DESC;

ByteWidth:缓冲区的大小（以字节为单位）

D3D11_USAGE:标识渲染期间的预期资源使用。该用法直接反映CPU和/或图形处理单元（GPU）是否可访问资源

typedef enum D3D11_USAGE {
  D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT,
  D3D11_USAGE_IMMUTABLE,
  D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC,
  D3D11_USAGE_STAGING
} ;

D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT	需要GPU进行读写访问的资源。这可能是最常见的使用选择。
D3D11_USAGE_IMMUTABLE	只能由GPU读取的资源。它不能由GPU写入，并且CPU根本无法访问。这种类型的资源在创建时必须初始化，因为它在创建后无法更改。
D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC	GPU（只读）和CPU（仅写入）可访问的资源。对于将由CPU至少每帧更新一次的资源，动态资源是一个不错的选择。要更新动态资源，请使用Map方法。 有关如何使用动态资源的信息，请参见如何：使用动态资源。
D3D11_USAGE_STAGING	支持从GPU到CPU的数据传输（复制）的资源。

BindFlags:确定缓冲区如何绑定到管道

CPUAccessFlags:CPU访问标志

MiscFlags:杂项标志

StructureByteStride:缓冲区表示结构化缓冲区时缓冲区结构中每个元素的大小（以字节为单位）

2、Buffer Usage Patterns

“Forever”

Long Lived

Transient

Temporary

Constants

2.1 Forever Buffers

Useful for geometry that is loaded once ，IMMUTABLE flag at creation time

2.2 Long Lived Buffers

Data that is streamed in from disk,but is expected to last for “awhile”，Reuse these; stream into them

DEFAULT flag at creation time

UpdateSubresource to update

2.3 Temporary buffers

Fire-and-forget data
● E.g. Particle systems
● Almost certainly lives in system RAM
● DYNAMIC flag at create time
● Prefer Map/Unmap to update these
● UpdateSubresource involves an extra copy

2.4 Constant Buffers

These are different than other buffers in D3D11.
● The GPU can deal with many of them in flight at once
● Create with DYNAMIC
● Map/DISCARD to Update
● More on these in a bit

2.5 Transient Buffers

● New informal class of Buffer
● Used for (e.g.) UI/Text
● Things that are dynamic, but few vertices each—and may need to be updated on odd schedules
● DYNAMIC flag at creation time
● Transient Buffers are part of a new class of buffer
Treat Buffer as a Memory Heap,with a twist
● On CPU, Freed memory available now
● On GPU, Freed memory is available
when GPU is finished with it
● Assume memory is in use until told otherwise
● Determine when GPU must be finished with Freed
memory, then return to the “really free” list

Type	Usage (e.g)	Create Flag	Update Method
“Forever”	Level BSPs	IMMUTABLE	Cannot Update
Long-Lived	Characters	DEFAULT	UpdateSubResource
Transient	UI/Text	DYNAMIC	CTransientBuffer
Temporary	Particles	DYNAMIC	Map/NO_OVERWRITE
Constant	Material Props	DYNAMIC	Map/DISCARD