2.Pandas 选择数据

0 引言

继续学习Pandas，一个表格实际处理时，会有各种各样表格中数据的选择，主要是对DataFrame的操作，比如按列表头选取，按行索引选取等等。

1 Pandas中DataFrame的数据选择

先导入Pandas和Numpy库

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

创建一个DataFrame表格

dates = pd.date_range('20200101',periods=6)
df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(24).reshape((6,4)),index=dates,columns=['A','B','C','D'])
df1

	A	B	C	D
2020-01-01	0	1	2	3
2020-01-02	4	5	6	7
2020-01-03	8	9	10	11
2020-01-04	12	13	14	15
2020-01-05	16	17	18	19
2020-01-06	20	21	22	23

通过列表头来提取数据

df1['A']

2020-01-01     0
2020-01-02     4
2020-01-03     8
2020-01-04    12
2020-01-05    16
2020-01-06    20
Freq: D, Name: A, dtype: int32

也可以用 .A ，效果与前面一样

df1.A

2020-01-01     0
2020-01-02     4
2020-01-03     8
2020-01-04    12
2020-01-05    16
2020-01-06    20
Freq: D, Name: A, dtype: int32

获取指定行索引的表格数据

df1[0:2]

	A	B	C	D
2020-01-01	0	1	2	3
2020-01-02	4	5	6	7

通过行标签来获取指定数据

df1['20200102':'20200104']

	A	B	C	D
2020-01-02	4	5	6	7
2020-01-03	8	9	10	11
2020-01-04	12	13	14	15

通过标签提取指定表格数据

# 通过标签选择数据
df1.loc['20200102']

A    4
B    5
C    6
D    7
Name: 2020-01-02 00:00:00, dtype: int32

提取指定行和列数据

df1.loc['20200101',['A','B','C']]

A    0
B    1
C    2
Name: 2020-01-01 00:00:00, dtype: int32

：放在 loc 第一个参数位置，获取所有行

df1.loc[:,['A','B']]

	A	B
2020-01-01	0	1
2020-01-02	4	5
2020-01-03	8	9
2020-01-04	12	13
2020-01-05	16	17
2020-01-06	20	21

通过 .iloc 指定位置获取数据

#通过位置选择数据
df1.iloc[2]

A     8
B     9
C    10
D    11
Name: 2020-01-03 00:00:00, dtype: int32

df1.iloc[1:3,2:4] # 提取1到3行，2到4列

	C	D
2020-01-02	6	7
2020-01-03	10	11

混合标签获取数据

# 混合标签位置选择
df1.ix[2:4,['A','C']]

D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py:2: DeprecationWarning: 
.ix is deprecated. Please use
.loc for label based indexing or
.iloc for positional indexing

See the documentation here:
http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/indexing.html#ix-indexer-is-deprecated

	A	C
2020-01-03	8	10
2020-01-04	12	14

df1.ix['20200102':'20200104',2:4]

D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py:1: DeprecationWarning: 
.ix is deprecated. Please use
.loc for label based indexing or
.iloc for positional indexing

See the documentation here:
http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/indexing.html#ix-indexer-is-deprecated
  """Entry point for launching an IPython kernel.

	C	D
2020-01-02	6	7
2020-01-03	10	11
2020-01-04	14	15

df1.A

2020-01-01     0
2020-01-02     4
2020-01-03     8
2020-01-04    12
2020-01-05    16
2020-01-06    20
Freq: D, Name: A, dtype: int32

提取指定列并判断该列是否大于某个数，结果显示True或False

df1.A > 6

2020-01-01    False
2020-01-02    False
2020-01-03     True
2020-01-04     True
2020-01-05     True
2020-01-06     True
Freq: D, Name: A, dtype: bool

df1[df1.A > 6]

	A	B	C	D
2020-01-03	8	9	10	11
2020-01-04	12	13	14	15
2020-01-05	16	17	18	19
2020-01-06	20	21	22	23