LearnOpenGL 总结记录<18> Deferred Shading

理论：

(延迟渲染分为两个阶段，

1 : geometry pass，生成所谓的G-buffer，其实就是一系列的texture，每一张texture保存了各种的信息，texture是基于屏幕空间的。

2 : lighting pass, 利用G-buffer，也就是一系列texture，进行计算光照效果

)

Deferred shading consists of two passes:

1. In the first pass called the geometry pass we render the scene once and retrieve all kinds of geometrical information from the objects that we store in a collection of textures called the G-buffer; think of position vectors, color vectors, normal vectors and/or specular values. The geometric information of a scene stored in the G-buffer is then later used for (more complex) lighting calculations. Below is the content of a G-buffer of a single frame:

2. We use the textures from the G-buffer in a second pass called the lighting pass where we render a screen-filled quad and calculate the scene’s lighting for each fragment using the geometrical information stored in the G-buffer; pixel by pixel we iterate over the G-buffer. Instead of taking each object all the way from the vertex shader to the fragment shader we decouple its advanced fragment processes to a later stage. The lighting calculations remain exactly the same to what we’re used to, but this time we take all required input variables from the corresponding G-buffer textures instead of the vertex shader (plus some uniform variables).

The image below nicely illustrates the total process of deferred shading.

A major advantage of this approach is that whatever fragment ends up in the G-buffer is the actual fragment information that ends up as a screen pixel, as the depth test already concluded this fragment information as the top-most fragment. This ensures that for each pixel we process in the lighting pass we only do this once; saving us from a lot of unused render calls. Furthermore, deferred rendering opens up the possibility for further optimizations that allow us to render a much large