PCL点云可视化

前言

PCLVisualizer可视化类是PCL中功能最全的可视化类，与CloudViewer可视化类相比，PCLVisualizer使用起来更为复杂，但该类具有更加全面的功能，如显示法线、绘制多种形状和多个视口。

代码实现

#include <iostream>
#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <pcl/common/common_headers.h>
#include <pcl/common/common_headers.h>
#include <pcl/features/normal_3d.h>
#include <pcl/io/pcd_io.h>
#include <pcl/visualization/pcl_visualizer.h>

//简单的点云  PointXYZ
boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> simpleVis (pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::ConstPtr cloud)
{
  //创建3D窗口并添加点云
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ> (cloud, "sample cloud");
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 1, "sample cloud");
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);
  viewer->initCameraParameters ();
  return (viewer);
}

//带有颜色特征的点云
boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> rgbVis (pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>::ConstPtr cloud)
{
  //创建3D窗口并添加点云
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0);
  pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerRGBField<pcl::PointXYZRGB> rgb(cloud);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB> (cloud, rgb, "sample cloud");
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 3, "sample cloud");
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);
  viewer->initCameraParameters ();
  return (viewer);
}

//点云着上单独的一种颜色
//点云类型为XYZ类型，customColourVis函数将点云赋值为绿色。

boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> customColourVis (pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::ConstPtr cloud)
{
//创建3D窗口并添加点云
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0);
  pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZ> single_color(cloud, 0, 255, 0);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ> (cloud, single_color, "sample cloud");
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 3, "sample cloud");
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);
  viewer->initCameraParameters ();
  return (viewer);
}

//可视化点云法线和其他特征
boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> normalsVis (
    pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>::ConstPtr cloud, pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>::ConstPtr normals)
{
  //创建3D窗口并添加点云其包括法线
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0);
  pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerRGBField<pcl::PointXYZRGB> rgb(cloud);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB> (cloud, rgb, "sample cloud");
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 3, "sample cloud");
  viewer->addPointCloudNormals<pcl::PointXYZRGB, pcl::Normal> (cloud, normals, 10, 0.05, "normals");
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);
  viewer->initCameraParameters ();
  return (viewer);
}

//绘制普通形状
boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> shapesVis (pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>::ConstPtr cloud)
{
   //创建3D窗口并添加点云
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0);
  pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerRGBField<pcl::PointXYZRGB> rgb(cloud);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB> (cloud, rgb, "sample cloud");
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 3, "sample cloud");
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);
  viewer->initCameraParameters ();
  //在点云上添加直线和球体模型
  viewer->addLine<pcl::PointXYZRGB> (cloud->points[0],
                                     cloud->points[cloud->size() - 1], "line");
  viewer->addSphere (cloud->points[0], 0.2, 0.5, 0.5, 0.0, "sphere");
   //在其他位置添加基于模型参数的平面及圆锥体
   pcl::ModelCoefficients coeffs;
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (1.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.0);
  viewer->addPlane (coeffs, "plane");
  coeffs.values.clear ();
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.3);
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.3);
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (1.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (0.0);
  coeffs.values.push_back (5.0);
  viewer->addCone (coeffs, "cone");

  return (viewer);
}

//多视角显示
boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewportsVis (
    pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>::ConstPtr cloud, pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>::ConstPtr normals1, pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>::ConstPtr normals2)
{
  // 创建3D窗口并添加显示点云其包括法线
   boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->initCameraParameters ();
  int v1(0);
  viewer->createViewPort(0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, v1);
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0, v1);
  viewer->addText("Radius: 0.01", 10, 10, "v1 text", v1);
  pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerRGBField<pcl::PointXYZRGB> rgb(cloud);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB> (cloud, rgb, "sample cloud1", v1);
  int v2(0);
  viewer->createViewPort(0.5, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, v2);
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0.3, 0.3, 0.3, v2);
  viewer->addText("Radius: 0.1", 10, 10, "v2 text", v2);
  pcl::visualization::PointCloudColorHandlerCustom<pcl::PointXYZRGB> single_color(cloud, 0, 255, 0);
  viewer->addPointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB> (cloud, single_color, "sample cloud2", v2);
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 3, "sample cloud1");
  viewer->setPointCloudRenderingProperties (pcl::visualization::PCL_VISUALIZER_POINT_SIZE, 3, "sample cloud2");
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);

  viewer->addPointCloudNormals<pcl::PointXYZRGB, pcl::Normal> (cloud, normals1, 10, 0.05, "normals1", v1);
  viewer->addPointCloudNormals<pcl::PointXYZRGB, pcl::Normal> (cloud, normals2, 10, 0.05, "normals2", v2);

  return (viewer);
}


unsigned int text_id = 0;
void keyboardEventOccurred (const pcl::visualization::KeyboardEvent &event,
                            void* viewer_void)
{
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer = *static_cast<boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> *> (viewer_void);
  if (event.getKeySym () == "r" && event.keyDown ())
  {
    std::cout << "r was pressed => removing all text" << std::endl;

    char str[512];
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < text_id; ++i)
    {
      sprintf (str, "text#%03d", i);
      viewer->removeShape (str);
    }
    text_id = 0;
  }
}

void mouseEventOccurred (const pcl::visualization::MouseEvent &event,
                         void* viewer_void)
{
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer = *static_cast<boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> *> (viewer_void);
  if (event.getButton () == pcl::visualization::MouseEvent::LeftButton &&
      event.getType () == pcl::visualization::MouseEvent::MouseButtonRelease)
  {
    std::cout << "Left mouse button released at position (" << event.getX () << ", " << event.getY () << ")" << std::endl;

    char str[512];
    sprintf (str, "text#%03d", text_id ++);
    viewer->addText ("clicked here", event.getX (), event.getY (), str);
  }
}

boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> interactionCustomizationVis ()
{
  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer (new pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer ("3D Viewer"));
  viewer->setBackgroundColor (0, 0, 0);
  viewer->addCoordinateSystem (1.0);

  viewer->registerKeyboardCallback (keyboardEventOccurred, (void*)&viewer);
  viewer->registerMouseCallback (mouseEventOccurred, (void*)&viewer);

  return (viewer);
}
// -----Main-----
int
main (int argc, char** argv)
{

  // 自行创建一随机点云
  pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>::Ptr basic_cloud_ptr (new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZ>);
  pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>::Ptr point_cloud_ptr (new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB>);
  std::cout << "Genarating example point clouds.\n\n";
  // 以椭圆为边线沿z轴拉伸获取其点云，并赋予红绿蓝渐变色。
  uint8_t r(255), g(15), b(15);
  for (float z(-1.0); z <= 1.0; z += 0.05)
  {
    for (float angle(0.0); angle <= 360.0; angle += 5.0)
    {
      pcl::PointXYZ basic_point;
      basic_point.x = 0.5 * cosf (pcl::deg2rad(angle));
      basic_point.y = sinf (pcl::deg2rad(angle));
      basic_point.z = z;
      basic_cloud_ptr->points.push_back(basic_point);

      pcl::PointXYZRGB point;
      point.x = basic_point.x;
      point.y = basic_point.y;
      point.z = basic_point.z;
      uint32_t rgb = (static_cast<uint32_t>(r) << 16 |
              static_cast<uint32_t>(g) << 8 | static_cast<uint32_t>(b));
      point.rgb = *reinterpret_cast<float*>(&rgb);
      point_cloud_ptr->points.push_back (point);
    }
    if (z < 0.0)
    {
      r -= 12;
      g += 12;
    }
    else
    {
      g -= 12;
      b += 12;
    }
  }
  basic_cloud_ptr->width = (int) basic_cloud_ptr->points.size ();
  basic_cloud_ptr->height = 1;
  point_cloud_ptr->width = (int) point_cloud_ptr->points.size ();
  point_cloud_ptr->height = 1;
  // 0.05为搜索半径获取点云法线
  pcl::NormalEstimation<pcl::PointXYZRGB, pcl::Normal> ne;
  ne.setInputCloud (point_cloud_ptr);
  pcl::search::KdTree<pcl::PointXYZRGB>::Ptr tree (new pcl::search::KdTree<pcl::PointXYZRGB> ());
  ne.setSearchMethod (tree);
  pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>::Ptr cloud_normals1 (new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>);
  ne.setRadiusSearch (0.05);
  ne.compute (*cloud_normals1);
  //  0.1为搜索半径获取点云法线
  pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>::Ptr cloud_normals2 (new pcl::PointCloud<pcl::Normal>);
  ne.setRadiusSearch (0.1);
  ne.compute (*cloud_normals2);

  boost::shared_ptr<pcl::visualization::PCLVisualizer> viewer;

    viewer = simpleVis(basic_cloud_ptr);

//    viewer = rgbVis(point_cloud_ptr);


//    viewer = customColourVis(basic_cloud_ptr);

//    viewer = normalsVis(point_cloud_ptr, cloud_normals2);

//    viewer = shapesVis(point_cloud_ptr);

//    viewer = viewportsVis(point_cloud_ptr, cloud_normals1, cloud_normals2);


//    viewer = interactionCustomizationVis();
  // 主循环
  while (!viewer->wasStopped ())
  {
    viewer->spinOnce (100);
    boost::this_thread::sleep (boost::posix_time::microseconds (100000));
  }
}

结果显示

1.简单显示

2.RGB显示

3.为点云赋色

4.显示发现

5.绘制图像并显示

6.多视角显示