2021 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）——解析版

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2021 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled “Are people becoming addicted to technology?”. The statement given below is for your reference. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Numerous studies claim that addiction to technology is real and it has the same effect on the brain as drug addiction.

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report , you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

  And finally in tonight’s news, a 9-year-old boy named Joe, told not to draw in class, wins a job decorating a restaurant with his drawings. (l)Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school’s workbook, Joe’s parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class. His teacher recognized Joe’s talent and posted all his work online, which led to something pretty wonderful.
  (2)A restaurant named “Number 4” in Newcastle contacted Joe’s teacher to ask if the 9-year-old could come and decorate its dining-room with his drawings. Every day after school, Joe’s dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall. Once he’s all done, the work will remain there permanently.
  Joe’s dad said Joe is a really talented little boy. He’s excellent at school. He’s great at football. But drawing is definitely what he is most passionate about.

2021-06-01-01.—开头第二句—原词复现五个“send … to … an after-school art class”

1. A. Enrol him in a Newcastle football club.
   B. Send him to an after-school art class.
   C. Forbid him to draw in his workbook.
   D. Help him post his drawings online.

1.A.让他加入纽卡斯尔足球俱乐部。
B.送他去课外美术班。
C.禁止他在本子上画画。
D.帮助他把他的画发布到网上。

1.What did Joe’s parents decide to do?
B【精析】细节辨认题。新闻开头提到，9岁男孩乔被告知不要在课堂上画画，却得到了一份用他的画装饰餐厅的工作。乔的父母没有改掉他在学校练习册上画画的习惯，而是决定送他去参加一个课外艺术班来鼓励他的创造力，因此答案为 B。

2021-06-01-02.—开头第四句—原词复现两个“decorate … dining-room”

2. A. Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.
   B. Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings.
   C. Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms.
   D. Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings.

2. A.联系乔装修餐厅。
B.雇佣Joe来粉刷所有的建筑物的墙壁。
C.重新装修厨房和所有餐厅。
D.请求乔允许使用他的在线绘画。

2.What did the restaurant “Number 4” do?
A【精析】细节辨认题。新闻中提到,纽卡斯尔“4号”餐厅联系了乔的老师，询问乔能否用自己的绘画作品来装饰其餐厅。此后，乔的父亲每天在他放学后开车送他去餐厅画画做装饰用，故答案为 A。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

  (3)Kirsteen Marshall, a 34-year-old mum of one, posted a tearful video on social media Wednesday,begging for the safe return of her beloved pet dog. After combing through the security video outside a Gorbals shop, Kirsteen has now posted an image of a man suspected of stealing the dog.
  The image appears to show a man carrying the dog in his arms. Kirsteen also believes the video obtained from the shop shows the dog being stolen by a man before driving off in a car which had been waiting nearby.
  (4)The family is now offering a £5,000 reward for the safe return of the dog after launching a social media campaign to find the thief.
  The dog is six and a half years old and was last seen wearing a red collar.
  Kirsteen said: “We’ll pay that to anyone who brings him home as long as they are not responsible for his disappearance.”
  Police are investigating the incident.

2021-06-01-03.—开头第一句—原词复现两个“pet dog”

3. A. Get her pet dog back.
   B. Beg for help from the police.
   C. Identify the suspect on the secunty video.
   D. Post pictures of her pet dog on social media.

3. A.把她的宠物狗找回来。
B.向警察请求帮助。
C.确认监控录像中的嫌疑人。
D.在社交媒体上发布她宠物狗的照片。

3.What is Kirsteen Marshall trying to do?
A【精析】细节辨认题。新闻开头提到，一位 34 岁的母亲克里斯汀·马歇尔周三在社交网站上传了一个声泪俱下的视频，祈求她的宠物狗能平安回家，因此答案为 A。

2021-06-01-04.—结尾第四句—原词复现一个“reward”

4. A. It is suffering a great deal from the incident.
   B. It is helping the police with the investigation.
   C. It is bringing the case to the local district court.
   D. It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.

4. A.这一事件给它带来了很大的痛苦。
B.它正在帮助警方进行调查。
C.它将把这个案子提交给地方法院。
D.它向任何提供帮助的人提供巨额奖励。

4.What does the news report say about Kirsteen Marshall’s family?
D【精析】细节辨认题。新闻中提到，克里斯汀·马歇尔的家人在社交媒体上发起了寻找小偷的活动，并悬赏5,000英镑给帮助自己爱犬安全回家的人，因此答案为 D。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heanl.

  London’s Eggs & Bread cafe offers boiled eggs, toast, jam, and bacon, as well as tea, coffee and orange juice. But at the end of the meal, customers don’t have to worry about the bill. Hungry customers can pay whatever amount they can afford to eat at the cafe, or nothing at all.
  (5)Owner Guy Wilson says his cafe aims to build community, rather than profits. He wants to provide a bridge for people to connect in an area that has been divided by class and wealth by providing affordable breakfasts.
  The cafe is open in the mornings every day of the year and has two members of staff or supervisors on shift every day. (6)The cafe doesn’t use volunteers, but pays its staff to ensure consistency in its service. It doesn’t take donations and doesn’t want to be seen as a charity.
  Mr. Wilson says, (7)when people start to know other people around them, they realize they’re not that different. And whatever their financial background, or their educational background, most people will have something in common with each other. He says it’s important that his cafe can offer his customers security and permanence.

2021-06-01-05.—开头第四句—原词复现两个“people…connect”

5. A. Provide free meals to the local poor.
   B. Help people connect with each other.
   C. Help eliminate class difference in his area.
   D. Provide customers with first-class service.

5. A.为当地穷人提供免费膳食。
B.帮助人们相互联系。
C.帮助消除他所在地区的阶级差异。
D.为客户提供一流的服务。

5.What does Guy Wilson say his café aims to do?
B【精析】目的原因题。新闻开头提到，伦敦的一家咖啡馆提供早餐，顾客用餐后可支付他们所能支付的任何价格，或者完全不用支付。咖啡馆主人盖伊·威尔逊说他开咖啡馆目的不是赚钱，而是通过
提供人们可以吃得起的早餐，为具有不同阶级和经济背景的人们搭建沟通的桥梁。因此，答案为 B。

2021-06-01-06.—中间—原词复现三个“not use volunteer”

6. A. It does not supervise its employees.
   B. It donates regularly to a local charity.
   C. It does not use volunteers.
   D. It is open round the clock.

6. A.它不监督员工。
B.它定期向当地的慈善机构捐款。
C.它不使用志愿者。
D. 24小时营业。

6.What does the news report say about Fggs & Bread café?
C【精析】细节辨认题。新闻中提到，这家鸡蛋面包咖啡馆每天早上提供服务，全年无休。咖啡馆由两名员工或主管轮流值班，不使用志愿者，但会付给员工费用以保证服务的连续性，咖啡馆不接受捐款。
与各选项信息比对，答案为 C。

2021-06-01-07—结尾第二三句—原词复现五个“will have something in common”

7. A. They will realise the importance of communication.
   B. They will come to the cafe even more frequently.
   C. They will care less about their own background.
   D. They will find they have something in common.

7. A.他们会意识到沟通的重要性。
B.他们会更频繁地来咖啡馆。
C.他们不太关心自己的背景。
D.他们会发现他们有共同之处。

7.What happens when people start to know each other according to Guy Wilson?
D【精析】细节辨认题。新闻末尾提到，当人们开始了解周围的人时，他们会意识到他们与别人并无太大不同，不管他们的经济、教育背景怎样，大多数人都有共同之处，因此答案为 D。

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will heartwolong conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

说明：在这一部分中，你将对对话进行深入的讨论。在每段对话的最后，你会听到四个问题。对话和问题都只讲一次。当你听到一个问题后，你必须从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，然后在答题卡1上对应的字母中间划一条横线。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M：(8-1)So what time do you think we should have the party on Saturday?
W：How about inviting people to come at 6:00 p. m. ? Then we’ll have the afternoon to prepare food and drink and stuff like that.
M：Yes, I was thinking that around 6:00 would be good too. (8-2) What food should we provide?
W：Well, I had thought about baking a cake, and some biscuits. And now I think we should prepare some sandwiches and snacks, and some other kinds of food, so that people can just help themselves, rather than getting everyone to sit down at the table to eat a meal. I think that’s a bit too formal. (9)It’s better to let people walk around and talk to each other, or sit where they like.
M：Yes, that sounds good. I’ll go to the supermarket to get some drinks. I think I might try that big new supermarket on the other side of town and see what they have. I’ve not been there before. I think we should get some beer and wine, and some fruit juice, and other soft drinks. What do you think?
W：Sounds great. I think those drinks will be enough. (10)And I heard that the new supermarket offers some big discounts to attract customers. So going there should be a great idea. (8-3) What should we do about music?
M：(11)Maybe we should ask Paul to bring his computer and speakers, so that we can play some music. He has a great collection of different stuff.
W： Yes. All right.

M：那么你认为我们星期六应该什么时候举行聚会呢？
M：邀请大家下午6点来怎么样？然后我们有一个下午的时间准备食物和饮料之类的东西。
M：是的，我想6点左右也可以。我们应该提供什么食物？
W：嗯，我想烤一个蛋糕和一些饼干。现在我认为我们应该准备一些三明治和零食，以及一些其他种类的食物，这样人们就可以自己吃，而不是让每个人都坐在桌子旁吃饭。我觉得那有点太正式了。最好是让人们四处走动，互相交谈，或者坐在他们喜欢的地方。
M：是的，听起来不错。我要去超市买些饮料。我想我可能会去城里另一边那家新开的大超市试试，看看他们有什么。我以前没去过那里。我想我们应该买些啤酒和葡萄酒，还有一些果汁和其他软饮料。你觉得呢？
W：听起来不错。我想这些饮料就够了。我听说新开的超市有很大的折扣来吸引顾客。所以去那里应该是个好主意。关于音乐我们该怎么办？
M：也许我们应该让保罗带上他的电脑和扬声器，这样我们就可以播放一些音乐了。他收集了很多不同的东西。
W：是的。好吧。

2021-06-01-08.—开头第一句—原词复现一个“Saturday”

8. A. A surprise party for Paul’s birthday.
   B. Travel plans for the coming weekend.
   C. Preparations for Saturdays get-together.
   D. The new market on the other side of town.

A.保罗的生日惊喜派对。
B.下周末的旅行计划。
C.为周六聚会做准备。
D.城市另一边的新市场。

What are the speakers mainly talking about?
C【精析】主旨大意题。对话开头，男士询问女士周六聚会的具体时间，女士建议下午六点，这样他们有足够的时间进行准备，随后对话双方进一步讨论了聚会需要准备的食物、音乐等。因此，双方主要讨论的是聚会的准备工作，答案为 C。

2021-06-01-09.—中间纯靠耳朵听—原词复现两个“walk around”

9. A. It makes the hostess’s job a whole lot easier.
   B. It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.
   C. It saves considerable time and labor.
   D. It requires fewer tables and chairs.

A.这样女主人的工作就轻松多了。
B.它使客人可以随意走动和聊天。
C.省时省力。
D.它需要更少的桌椅。

Why does the woman say it is a good idea to serve foods that guests can help themselves to?
B【精析】目的原因题。男士询问女士准备什么食物时，女士说本想烘焙蛋糕和饼干，但现在想想还是提供三明治和点心，这样客人可以来回走动，互相交流，因此答案为 B。

2021-06-01-10.—中间—原词复现大部分

10. A. It offers some big discounts.
    B. It is quite close to her house.
    C. It is more spacious and less crowded.
    D. It sells local wines and soft drinks.

A.它有很大的折扣。
B.离她家很近。
C.它更宽敞，不那么拥挤。
D.卖当地的葡萄酒和软饮料。

What does the woman say about the new supermarket?
【精析】细节辨认题。对话中女士提到，她听说这家新超市为了吸引顾客提供了很大折扣，因此答案为 A。

2021-06-01-11.—结尾最后对话—原词复现全部

11. A. Cook a dish for the party.
    B. Arrive 10 minutes earlier.
    C. Prepare a few opening remarks.
    D. Bring his computer and speakers.

A.为聚会做一道菜。
B.提前10分钟到达。
C.准备一些开场白。
D.带上他的电脑和扬声器。

What does the man suggest they ask Paul to do?
D【精析】细节辨认题。对话末尾女士询问准备什么音乐，男士建议让保罗带着电脑和扬声器，这样他们就可以放点音乐了，因此答案为 D。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

W： I’m thinking of buying a car. (12)I wouldn’t need to use it every day, but I think it would be very convenient to have one for the weekends.

M：That’s exciting. Would this be your first car?

W：No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Mfiami. You see in America, many cities don’t have good public transport. So, most people need their own car to get around.

M：I see. So have you got your mind set on a specific model?

W：No, not really. (13)I’ve heard that German cars are very reliable, but I haven’t decided on a specific model yet. I’d also like it to be small, so that it’s easy to drive in the city.

M：(14)I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He’s a really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you could call him and ask him questions.

W：Hmm, that’s nice of you, but I don’t want to feel obliged to buy one of his cars.

M： (15-1)Oh, no, he’s not like that. He’s a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or cheat you.

W：Well, if you trust him, then, I guess it should be OK. To be honest, I could use some help in deciding what type of vehicle would best suit my needs. Speaking to an expert would be a good idea.

M：(15-2)Exactly. You have nothing to worry about. He’s a lovely guy, and he’l be happy to help.

女：我在考虑买车。我不需要每天都用它，但我认为周末用它会很方便。
男：这是令人兴奋的。这将是你的第一辆车吗？
女：没有，我住在迈阿密的时候有一段时间有辆车。你看，在美国，很多城市没有好的公共交通。所以，大多数人都需要自己的车来出行。
男：我明白了。那么你已经想好要选哪一款了吗？
女：不，不太喜欢。我听说德国车非常可靠，但我还没有决定具体的型号。我还想要小一点，这样在城市里开车就方便了。
男：我有一个卖二手车的朋友。事实上，我认为他的家族拥有这家公司。他是个很好的人，而且他对汽车很了解。如果你需要的话，我可以给你他的电话号码，你可以打电话问他问题。
女：嗯，你真好，但我不想被迫买他的车。
男：噢，不，他不是那样的人。他是我的好朋友，他永远不会给你压力或欺骗你。
女：嗯，如果你信任他，那么我想应该没问题。说实话，我可以用一些帮助来决定什么类型的车辆最适合我的需要。和专家谈谈是个好主意。
男：(但是)到底。你没什么好担心的。他是个很好的人，他会很乐意帮忙的。

2021-06-01-12.—开头第一句—原词复现全部

12. A. For commuting to work.
    B. For long-distance travel.
    C. For gettmg around in Miami.
    D. For convemence at weekends.

A.上下班。
B.长途旅行。
C.在迈阿密到处走走。
D.周末开会。

12.Why does the woman want to have a car?
D【精析】目的原因题。对话开头女士说自己想买辆车，虽然她不需要每天都用车，但是她认为周末有辆车出行会很方便，因此答案为 D。

2021-06-01-13.—中间—原词复现一个，不好听到

13. A. They are reliable.
    B. They are compact.
    C. They are spacious.
    D. They are easy to drive.

A.他们很可靠。
B.它们很紧凑。
C.它们很宽敞。
D.它们很容易驾驶。

13.What does the woman say about German cars?
A【精析】细节辨认题。对话中女士提到，她听说德国汽车很可靠，因此答案为 A。

2021-06-01-14.—中间—原词复现一个，不好听到

14. A. Buy a second-hand car.
    B. Trust her own judgment.
    C. Seek advice from his friend.
    D. Look around before deciding.

A.买一辆二手车。
B.相信她自己的判断。
C.向他的朋友寻求建议。
D.先四处看看再做决定。

14.What does the man recommend the woman do?
C【精析】细节辨认题。对话中，女士并不确定自己买哪款车，但她希望买车身小的，以便于驾驶，男士说自己有个卖二手车的朋友，他对汽车非常了解，女士可以给他打电话问一下汽车方面的问题由此推断，男士建议女士可以请教他的朋友，因此答案为 C。

2021-06-01-15.—结尾最后对话—无原词复现，需推理

15. A. He sells new cars.
    B. He can be trusted.
    C. He is starting a business.
    D. He is a successful car dealer.

A.他卖新车。
B.他值得信赖。
C.他正在创业。
D.他是一个成功的汽车经销商。

15.What do we learn about the man’s friend from the conversation?
B【精析】细节推断题。对话末尾，女士在听到男士的建议后有些迟疑，她不愿意被迫购买男士朋友的二手车。男士说朋友绝不会施加任何压力，让女士不用担心，而且男士的朋友很乐意帮忙。由此推断，男士的朋友是值得信任的，因此答案为 B。

Section C

Directions: In this section , you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B,C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  (16) Pigs are not native to North America, They were first introduced to California by Spanish and Russian explorers and settlers many centuries ago. In the carly times, pigs were allowed to wander freely in search of food. This pract ice also allowed many pigs to escape from farms and live in the wild, which became a problem.
  In fact, as one of the most damaging invasive species on the continent, (17)wild pigs cause millions of dollars in crop damage yearly. They also harbor dozens of diseases that threaten both humans and farm animals, Forest patches with wild pigs have been found to have considerably reduced plant and anima diversity. In addition to either eating other animals or their food supply, wild pigs damage native habitats by rooting up grasses and rubbing on trees, Their activities may also create opportunities for invasive plants to colonize these areas. Wild pigs will eat almost anything containing calories. ice, deer, birds, snakes and frogs are among their victims. They can also harm other wild species through indirect competition, rather than eating them or shrinking their food supply, On one particular United States island, wild pigs themselves became an attractive food source for a species of mainland eagle. (18)The cagles began breeding on the island, and also feeding on a species of native fox, The foxes were almost wiped out completely.

2021-06-01-16.

16. A. Many escaped from farms and became wild.
    B. They were actually native to North America.
    C. Many got killed in the wild when searching for food.
    D. They were hunted by Spanish and Russian explorers.

16. A.很多从农场逃出来，变成了野生动物。
B.它们实际上原产于北美。
C.许多在野外寻找食物时被杀死。
D.他们被西班牙和俄国探险家猎杀。

16. What do we learn about early pigs in North America?
    【精析】细节辨认题。短文开头指出，猪并非原产于北美，它们最初是由来自西班牙和俄罗斯的探险者和定居者引人加利福尼亚的。在早期，人们允许猪自由走动寻找食物，这种做法也使得许多猪从农场逃到野外生活。因此，答案为A。

2021-06-01-17.

17. A. They often make sudden attacks on people.
    B. They break up nature’s food supply chain.
    C. They cause much environmental pollution.
    D. They carry a great many diseases.

17. A.他们经常突然袭击人。
B.它们破坏了自然界的食物供应链。
C.它们造成很大的环境污染。
D.它们携带很多疾病。

Why are wild pigs a threat to humans?
D【精析】目的原因题。短文提到，野猪每年造成数百万美元的作物损失，它们还携带着许多威胁人类和家畜的疾病，因此答案为 D。

2021-06-01-18.

18. A. They lived peacefully with wild pigs.
    B. They ran out of food completely.
    C. They fell victim to eagles.
    D. They reproduced quickly.

A.他们和野猪和平相处。
B.他们完全吃光了食物。
C.他们成了老鹰的牺牲品。
D.他们繁殖得很快。

18.What does the passage say about the native foxes on the US island?
【精析】细节辨认题。短文末尾提到，在美国的一个小岛上，野猪本身就成了一种陆地鹰的有吸引力的食物来源。这些鹰在岛上繁殖，以本土狐狸为食，狐狸几乎被灭绝了，因此答案为 C。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage yon have just heard.

  (19)A pair of entrepreneurs are planning to build and launch a spacecraft that would carry and roast coffee beans in outer space.
  The craft will use the heat of re-entry to roast coffee beans as they float inside it in a pressurised tank. The effect would be to roast the beans all over, and produce perfect coffee. (20)The businessmen say that on Earth, beans can casily break apart and get burned in the roaster, But if gravity is removed, the beans float around in a heated oven, received 360 degrees of evenly distributed heat and roast to near perfection.
  The spacecraft will reach a height of around 200 km, The beans would then be roasted in the heat generated by the craft’s 20.minute re, entry into Earth’s atmosphere. Temperatures in the pressurised tank will be kept to around 200’℃ .
  Once back on Earth, the planet’s first space-roasted beans would be used to make coffee that would be sold for the first time in Dubai. This is where the pair’s company is based, It is not clear how much they would charge for a cup.
  Surprisingly, the Space Roaster concept-should it gp ahead will not be the first attempt to take coffee into space. (2l)In 2015, two Italian companies, collaborated on the construction of a similar type of spacecraft, which was the first coffee machine designed for use in space.

2021-06-01-19.

19. A. Taste coffee while in outer space.
    C. Develop a new strain of coffee bean.
    B. Roast coffee beans in outer space.
    D. Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.

A.在外太空品尝咖啡。
C.开发一种新的咖啡豆。
B.在外太空烘焙咖啡豆。
D.用加压罐煮咖啡。

19.What are a pair of entrepreneurs planning to do?
B【精析】细节辨认题。短文开头提到，两名企业家正计划建造并发射一艘字宙飞船，该飞船将携带咖啡豆并在外太空烘焙，因此答案为 B。

2021-06-01-20.

20. A. They can easily get burned.
    B. They float around in the oven.
    C. They have to be heated to 360°C.
    D. They receive evenly distributed heat.

A.他们很容易被烧伤。
B.它们在烤箱里飘来飘去。
C.它们必须加热到360°C。
D.他们接受均匀分布的热量。

20.What does the passage say about coffee beans roasted on Earth?
【精析】细节辨认题。短文中提到，在地球上烘焙咖啡豆，咖啡豆容易在烤炉中裂开烤焦，因此答案为A。

2021-06-01-21.

21. A. They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans.
    B. They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters.
    C. They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.
    D. They abandoned the attempt to roast coffee beans in space.

A.他们太空烘焙的咖啡豆要价很高。
B.他们在迪拜开了一家分公司生产咖啡烘焙机。
C.他们合作制造了第一台太空咖啡机。
D.他们放弃了在太空烘焙咖啡豆的尝试。

21.What did the two Italian companies do in 2015?
C【精析】细节辨认题。短文末尾提到，2015年，两家意大利公司合作建造了一个类航天器，那是第一个专门为在太空使用而设计的咖啡机。由此可知，意大利两家公司合作制造了第一台太空咖啡机，因此答案为 C。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage yon have just heard.

  In cold and snowy Alaska, there’s a village called "Takotna . It has a population of a mere 49 souls. (22)Each March, this tiny village swells up in numbers, because it is located in the middle of a race that takes place every year, It is a seven-day race, called the lditarod Trail and participants stop at Takotna for their obligatory 24-hour rest. Lucky for them, (23)Takotna is famous for its delicious fruit pies.
  Weeks before the competitors arrive, the residents of Takotna start preparing for what is without question their biggest event of the year, (24)The whole village chips in to help, including the kids, who end up developing their baking skills at an early age. The exh austed and hungry racers are greeted with delightful pies of all kinds, such as apple, orange, lemon or banana. They consume the pies as stomach warming race fuel.The toughnessof the-race allows-for-racers to.cat pretty .much.whatever-they-want, The-more. calories, the. better.
  Takotna has gained a reputation for its dessert-based hospitality since the 1970s, It started with one person,Jan Newton. (25) Jan moved from Idaho with her husband in 1972 and opened a restaurant. Her rich and filling-fruit pies quickly got the racers’ attention, and the village gained some fame as a result. Proud residents then started to refer to Jan as Queen of Takotna.

2021-06-01-22.

22. A. It is the best time for sightseeing.
    B. A race passes through it annually.
    C. They come to clean the Iditarod Trail.
    D. It is when the villagers choose a queen.

22. A.这是观光的最佳时间。
B.每年都有一场比赛经过这里。
C.他们来打扫艾迪塔罗德小径。
D.是村民们选出女王的时候。

22.Why do a lot of people come to the village of Takotna every March?
B【精析】目的原因题。短文开头提到，阿拉斯加州的塔科特纳村虽然仅有 49 人，但每年三月人数会暴增，因为有一个为期7天的比赛要求参赛者在此地停下来休息 24 小时，因此答案为 B。

2021-06-01-23.

23. A. Its children’s baking skills.
    B. Its umque wmter scenery.
    C. Its tasty fruit pies.
    D. Its great food variety.

A.孩子们的烘焙技能。
B.它独特的冬季风景。
C.美味的水果派。
D.食物种类繁多。

23.What is the village of Takotna famous for?
C【精析】细节辨认题。短文提到，塔科特纳村因其美味的水果派闻名，因此答案为 C。

2021-06-01-24.

24. A. The contestants.
    B. The entire village.
    C. Jan Newton and her friends.
    D. People from the state of Idaho.

A.参赛者。
B.整个村庄。
C.简·牛顿和她的朋友们。
D.来自爱达荷州的人。

24.Who comes to help with the event of the year?
B【精析】细节辨认题。短文提到，全村所有的人，包括那些年纪幼小但已经学会烘焙的小孩，都会帮忙办好赛事，因此答案为 B。

2021-06-01-25.

25. A. She owned a restaurant in Idaho.
    B. She married her husband in 1972.
    C. She went to Alaska to compete in a race.
    D. She helped the village to become famous.

A.她在爱达荷州开了一家餐馆。
B.她在1972年嫁给了她的丈夫。
C.她去阿拉斯加参加比赛。
D.她帮助这个村庄出名。

25.What does the passage say about Jan Newton?
D【精析】细节推断题。短文最后提到，简·牛顿和丈夫在 1972 年从爱达荷州搬到此地，并开了一家餐馆，她做的水果派很快得到竞赛者的关注，村子也由此名声在外。由此可知，简·牛顿对村子的成名有重要作用，因此答案为 D。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Seaction A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage, Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.
  Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. But for the Saharan silver ant , 26 from their underground nests into the sun’s brutal rays to 27 for food, this is the perfect time ,to seek lunch. In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities, who spent a month in the 28 heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests. Toe goal was simple, to discover how the 29 adapted to the kind of heat that can 30 melt the bottom of shoes.
  Back in Belgium, the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found that their 31 , triangular hair reflects light like a prism (棱镜），giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the sun’s awful heat. When Ph.D. student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with a 33 knife and put it under a heat lamp, its temperature jumped. Toe ants’ method of staying cool is 34 among animals. Could this reflective type of hair protect people? Willot says companies are interested in 35 these ants’ method of heat protection for human use, including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in Summer.

A. adapting
B. consciously
C. crawling
D. crowded
E. extreme
F. hunt
G. literally
H. moderate
I. remote
J. removed
K. species
L. specimens
M. thick
N. tiny
O. unique

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

  The start of highschool doesn’t have to be stressful

A. This month, more than 4 million students across the nation will begin highschool. Many will dowell. But many will not. Consider that nearly two-thirds of students will experience the “ninth-grade shock,” which refers to a dramatic drop in a student’s academic performance. Some students cope with this shock by avoiding challenges. For instance, they may drop difficult coursework. Others may experience a hopelessness that results in failing their core classes, such as English, science and math. B. This should matter a great deal to parents, teachers and policymakers. Ultimately it should matter to the students themselves and society at large, because students’experience of transitioning (过渡）to the ninth grade can have long.:term consequences not only for the students themselves but for their home communities. We make these observations as research psychologists who have studied how schools and families can help young people thrive.

C. In the new global economy, students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and ,go on to get jobs. One study has calculated that the lifetime benefit to the local economy for a single additional student who completes highschool is half a million dollars or more. This is based on higher earnings and avoided costs in health care, crime, welfare dependence and other things.
·
D. The consequences of doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students’ability to find a good job. It can also impact the extent to which they enjoy life. Students lose many of the friends they turned to for support when they move from the eighth to the ninth grade. One study of ninth-grade students found that 50 percent of friendships among ninth graders changed from one month to the next, signaling striking instability in friendships.

E. In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan. Researchers think that one explanation is that ties to friends are broken while academic demands · are rising. Furthermore, most adult cases of clinical depression first emerge in adolescence (青春期）. The World Health Organization reports that depression has the greatest burden of disease worldwide, in terms of the total cost of treatment and the loss of productivity.

F. Given all that’s riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what: can be done to meet the academic, social and emotional challenges of the transition to high school. So far, our studies have yielded one main insight: Students’beliefs about change-their beliefs about whether people are stuck one way forever, or whether people can change their personalities and abilities-are related to their ability to cope, succeed academically and maintain good mental health. Past research has called these beliefs “mindsets (思维模式），” with a “fixed mindset” referring to the belief that people cannot change and a “growth mindset” referring to the belief that people can change.

G. In one recent study, we examined 360 adolescents’ beliefs about the nature of “smartness”—that is, their fixed mindsets about intelligence. We then assessed biological stress responses for students whose grades were dropping by examining their stress hormones (荷尔蒙）.Students who believed that intelligence is fixed—that you are stuck being “not smart” if you struggle in school—showed higher levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining at the beginning of the ninth grade. If students believed that intelligence could improve-that is to say, when they held more of a growth mindset of intelligence-they showed lower levels of stress hormones when their grades were declining. This was an exciting result because it showed that the body’s stress responses are not determined solely by one’s grades. Instead, declining grades only predicted worse stress hormones among students who believed that worsening grades were a permanent and hopeless state of affairs.

H. We also investigated the social side of the high school transition. In this study, instead of teaching students that their smartness can change, we taught them that their social standing—that is, whether they are bullied or excluded or left out一can change over time. We then looked at highschool students’ stress responses to daily social difficulties. That is, we taught them a growth mindset about their social lives. In this study, students came into the laboratory and were asked to give a public speech in front of upper-year students. The topic of the speech was what makes one popular in high school. Following this, students had to complete a difficult mental math task in front of the same upper-year students.

I. Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress responses. When these students gave the speech, their bloodvessels contracted and their hearts pumped less blood through the body-both responses that the body shows when it is preparing for damage or defeat after a physical threat. Then they gave worse speeches and made more mistakes in math. But when students were taught that people can change, they had better responses to stress, in part because they felt like they had the resources to deal with the demanding situation. Students who got the growth mindset intervention (干预）showed less-contracted blood vessels and their hearts pumped more blood—both of which contributed to more oxygen getting to the brain, and, ultimately, better performance on the speech and mental math tasks.

J. These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further. First, we are working to replicate (复制）these findings in more diverse school communities. We want to know in which types of schools and for which kinds of students these growth mindset ideas help young people adapt to the challenges of highschool. We also hope to learn how teachers, parents or school counselors can help students keep their ongoing academic or social difficulties in perspective. We wonder what would happen if schools helped to make beliefs about the potential for change and improvement a larger feature of the overall school culture, especially for students starting the ninth grade.

36. The number of people experiencing depression shows a sharp increase in the first year of highschool.
37. According to one study, students’academic performance is not the only decisive factor of their stress responses.
38. Researchers would like to explore further how parents and schools can help ninth graders by changing their mindset.
39. According to one study, each high school graduate contributes at least 500, 000 dollars to the local economy.
40. In one study, students were told their social position in school is not unchangeable.
41. It is reported that depression results in enormous economic losses worldwide.
42. One study showed that friendships among ninth graders were far from stable.
43. More than half of students will find their academic performance declining sharply when they enter the ninth grade.
44. Researchers found through experiments that students could be taught to respond to stress in a more positive way.
45. It is beneficial to explore ways to cope with the challenges facing students entering high school.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throught the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

  Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals? Play maybe the answer.
  Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the malcers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old-fashioned play.
  In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st-century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem- solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and talce risks. These are skills acquired when kids tinker (鼓捣小玩意).High-tech industries such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have found that their best overall problem solvers were master tinkerers in their youth.
  There are cognitive (认知的） benefits of doing things the way we did as children—building something, tearing it down, then building it up again.Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities. This type of play—especially with building blocks一helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.
  If play and buiding are critical to 21st-century skill development, that’s really good news for two reasons: Children are born builders,makers, and creators, so fostering (培养）21st-century skills maybe as simple as giving kids room to play, tinker and try things out, even as they grow older. Secondly, it doesn’t talce 21st-century technology to foster 21st-century skills. This is especially important for under- resourced schools and communities.Talcing whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “malcer” skills.And anyone,anywhere,can do it.

2021-06-01-46.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换—prepare students for a successful future替换为skills needed for their future success

46. What does the author say about educators?【原文：Educators and business leaders have more in common than it may seem. Teachers want to prepare students for a successful future. Technology companies have an interest in developing a workforce with the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). skills needed to grow the company and advance the industry. How can they work together to achieve these goals? Play maybe the answer.】
    A. They seek advice from technology companies to achieve teaching goals.
    B. They have been successful in preparing the workforce for companies.
    C. They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success.
    D. They partner with technology companies to enhance teaching efficiency.

46. 关于教育者，作者说了些什么？
A.他们向科技公司寻求建议，以实现教学目标。
B.他们成功地为公司培养了劳动力。
C.他们帮助学生获得未来成功所需的技能。
D.他们与科技公司合作以提高教学效率。

46.【定位】由题干中的educators定位到首段前两句。

C【精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，教育工作者和商界领袖的共同点比看起来要多。教师希望为学生成功的未来做好准备。Teachers“教师"指的就是 educators“教育工作者”，由此可见，教育工作者帮助学生为成功的未来做好准备，即帮助学生获得未来成功所需的技能，故答案为 C。

【避错】文章并没有提及教育工作者向科技公司征求意见，故排除 A。首段第三句提到，科技公司有兴趣培养一支具有推动企业发展和行业发展所需的 STEM技能的员工队伍，并非教育工作者为企业成功储备了人才，故排除 B。第二段最后一句提到，教育工作者和科技公司合作，重新引人优秀的老式游戏，但不是为了提高教学效率，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-47.—推理判断题—难—由“traditional, hands-on creative activities”推出“traditional, stimulating activities”—同义替换，hands-on替换为stimulating

47. How can educators better develop students’ STEM skills, according to the author?【原文：Focusing on STEM skills is important, but the reality is that STEM skills are enhanced and more relevant when combined with traditional, hands-on creative activities. This combination is proving to be the best way to prepare today’s children to be the malcers and builders of tomorrow. That is why technology companies are partnering with educators to bring back good, old-fashioned play.】
    A. By blending them with traditional, stimulating activities.
    B. By inviting business leaders to help design curriculums.
    C. By enhancing students’ability to think in a critical way.
    D. By showing students the best way to learn is through play.

47. 作者认为，教育者如何更好地培养学生的STEM技能？
A.通过将它们与传统的、刺激的活动相结合。
B.通过邀请商业领袖帮助设计课程。
C.通过提高学生批判性思维的能力。
D.通过向学生展示最好的学习方式是通过游戏。

47.【【定位】由题干中的better develop students’STEM skills定位到第二段第一、二句。

【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，专注于STEM技能很重要，但当 STEM 技能与传统的动手创造性活动相结合时，这些技能会增强。事实证明，这种结合是让今天的孩子成为明天的创造者和建设者的最佳方式。换言之，通过将培养 STEM 技能与传统的、趣味盎然的活动相结合，能够更好地培养学生的 STEM 技能，故答案为 A。

【避错】文章第二段最后一句提到，科技公司与教育工作者合作，重新引人优秀的老式游戏，而非由商界领袖设计课程，故排除 B。文中并没有提及培养学生的批判性思考能力，故排除C。第二段第一句提到，要提高STEM技能，应让学生参与有创意的活动，并非简单地向学生展示游戏的重要性，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-48.—推理判断题—易—由but后的“creativity”推出“play with thing”

48. How do children acquire the skills needed for the 21st century?【原文：In fact many experts argue that the most important 21st-century skills aren’t related to specific technologies or subject matter, but to creativity; skills like imagination, problem-finding and problem- solving, teamwork, optimism, patience and the ability to experiment and talce risks. 】
    A. By engaging in activities involving specific technologies.
    B. By playing with things to solve problems on their own.
    C. By familiarizing themselves with high-tech gadgets.
    D. By mastering basic principles through teamwork.

48. 孩子们如何获得21世纪所需的技能？
A.通过参与涉及特定技术的活动。
B.通过玩东西自己解决问题。
C.通过熟悉高科技设备。
D.通过团队合作掌握基本原则。

48.【定位】由题干中的 children acquire the skilks needed for the 21st century 定位到第三段第一、二句。

B【精析】推理判断题，定位句指出，许多专家认为21世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关，而是与创造力有关;如想象力、发现问题和解决问题的能力、团队合作、乐观、耐心以及做实验和冒险的能力。这些都是孩子们鼓捣小玩意时获得的技能。由此可见，孩子们可以通过摆弄东西来自己解决问题，从而获得 21世纪所需的技能，故答案为 B。

【避错】文章第三段第一句指出，许多专家认为 21世纪最重要的技能与特定的技术或主题无关，故排除A。文中并未提及熟悉高科技产品和掌握基本原则，故排除 C和 D。

2021-06-01-49.—推理判断题—难—由“building blocks搭积木”推出“make things with hands动手做东西”

49. What can we do to help children learn the basics of math and geometry?【原文：Research shows that given 15 minutes of free play, four- and five-year-olds will spend a third of this time engaged in spatial, mathematical, and architectural activities.This type of play—especially with building blocks一helps children discover and develop key principles in math and geometry.】
    A. Stimulate their interest as early as possible.
    B. Spend more time playing games with them.
    C. Encourage them to make things with hands.
    D. Allow them to tinker freely with calculators.

49. 我们能做些什么来帮助孩子们学习数学和几何的基础知识？
A.尽早激发他们的兴趣。
B.花更多的时间和他们一起做游戏。
C.鼓励他们动手做东西。
D.允许他们随意摆弄计算器。

49.【定位】由题干中的basics of math and geometry定位到第四段最后一句。

【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，这种类型的游戏—特别是搭积木—帮助孩子们发现和掌握数学和几何学的关键原理。由此可见，鼓励孩子们动手做东西可以帮助孩子们学习数学和几何的基础知识，故答案为 C。

【避错】文章并未提及尽早激发他们的兴趣，故排除A。文章第四段第二句提到，给孩子自由玩要的时间，并非花时间和他们做游戏，故排除 B。文中并未提到摆弄计算器，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-50.—推理判断题—由“simple way”排除选项C“challenging task”，AD没有涉及，选C。

50. What does the author advise disadvantaged schools and communities to do?【原文：This is especially important for under- resourced schools and communities.Talcing whatever materials are handy and tinkering with them is a simple way to engage those important “malcer” skills.And anyone,anywhere,can do it.】
    A. Train students to be makers to meet future market demands.
    B. Develop students’ creative skills with the resources available.
    C. Engage students with challenging tasks to foster their creativity.
    D. Work together with companies to improve their teaching facilities.

50. 作者建议弱势学校和社区做些什么？
A.培养学生成为满足未来市场需求的创客。
B.利用现有资源培养学生的创新能力。
C.让学生参与具有挑战性的任务，培养他们的创造力。
D.与公司合作改善他们的教学设施。

50.【定位】由题干中的 disadvantaged schools and commnunities定位到文章最后一段最后三句。

B【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，这一点对于资源不足的学校和社区尤其重要。利用手边的任何材料，让孩子们去鼓捣小玩意，这是运用那些重要的“制造者”技能的一个简单方法。任何人在任何地方都能做到。换言之，资源不足的学校和社区应尽可能地利用现有资源，故答案为 B。

【避错】文章最后一段第一句后半部分指出，孩子天生就是建设者、制造者和创造者，故排除 A。

文中并未提及让学生参与有挑战性的任务和与公司合作改善教学设施，故排除 C和 D。

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

  Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that’s no longer working. They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues frustrated at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.
  According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it.
  The experience of using IT penetrates almost the entire work field. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction,too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it’s an IT transformation project gone wrong, where swollen expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed.This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user.
  Which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and application crashes. Adequate and timely IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT.
  Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.

2021-06-01-51.—推理判断题—难—envy单词不认识，是“羡慕，嫉妒”，由“envy”推出“no appeal没有吸引力”

51. What does the author say about working in IT?【原文：Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to instantly fix the projector that’s no longer working.】
    A. It is envied by many.
    B. It does not appeal to him.
    C. It is financially rewarding.
    D. It does not match his abilities.

51. 关于在IT行业工作，作者说了些什么？
A.很多人都羡慕它。
B.这对他没有吸引力。
C.有经济上的回报。
D.这与他的能力不符。

【定位】由题干中的 working in IT 定位到第一段第一句。
B
【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，“我”并不羡慕信息技术工作者，或者说 IT 工作者的工作。由此可知，作者对这样的工作不感兴趣，故答案为 B。

【避错】文章第一段第一句提到，“我”并不羡慕信总技术工作者的工作，第二、三句接着举例说明了信息技术工作者的艰难处境，由此可知，这样的工作并不让人羡慕，故排除 A；文中并未提及信息技术行业的收人，以及是否与作者的能力匹配，故排除 C和 D。

2021-06-01-52.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换—little they can do无能为力替换为frustrate困扰

52. What is the finding of a recent survey on employees who have a job reliant on IT support?【原文：According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction.Through no fault of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control non-existent. And there’s little they can do about it.】
    A. IT helps boost productivity.
    B. IT helps improve quality control.
    C. Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT.
    D. Most employees rely heavily on IT in their work.

52. 最近一项针对工作依赖IT支持的员工的调查有什么发现？
A.IT有助于提高生产率。
B.IT有助于提高质量控制。
C.许多员工对IT深感沮丧。
D.大多数员工在工作中严重依赖信息技术。

【定位】由题干中的a job reliant on IT support 定位到第二段。

【精析】细节辨认题。定位段提到，根据最近的一项调查，那些自身工作依赖信息技术支持的员工认为，信息技术是他们工作不满意的主要原因。他们自己毫无过错，却突然发现生产效率在下降或质量控制不起作用。他们对此几乎无能为力。由此可知，答案为 C。

【避错】A 和 B 与定位段意思相悖，故排除；第段第一句提到，针对自身工作依赖信息技术支持的员工做了调查，但未提及这类员工数量的多少以及他们对信息技术的依赖程度，故排除 D。

2021-06-01-53.—推理判断题—难—对self-confidence的误解，意思还是“自信”

53. What is said to happen when IT is functioning properly?【原文：When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction,too, can surge when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or repetitive processes.】
    A. There is a big boost in employees’work efficiency.
    B. Employees become more dependent on machines.
    C. There are no longer any boring or repetitive tasks.
    D. Employees become more confident in their work.

53. 当IT正常工作时，会发生什么？
A.员工的工作效率大大提高了。
B.员工越来越依赖机器。
C.不再有无聊或重复的任务。
D.员工对自己的工作更有信心。

【定位】由题干中的IT is functioning propedly 定位到第三段第三、四句。

【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，当信息技术正常运作时,员工的自信心就会增加。当运转良好的机器将他们从枯燥的任务或重复性的流程中解放出来时，他们的工作满意度也会激增。换言之当信息技术正常运行时，员工对自己的工作更有信心，故答案为 D。

【避错】第三段并未提及信息技术正常运行是否能够大幅提高员工的工作效率，也未提及员工是否更加依赖机器，故排除A和 B。第三段第四句星然提到，运转良好的机器可以把员工从枯燥的任务或重复性的流程中解放出来，但C的说法太过绝对，故排除。

2021-06-01-54.—推理判断题—由“impact the end user影响终端用户”替换为“Think about the possible effects on their employees考虑对员工的可能影响。”

54. What should business leaders do before implementing new IT initiatives?【原文：This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little consideration of how those changes will impact the end user.】
    A. Consider the various expectations of their customers.
    B. Draw up a list of the efficiencies to be promised.
    C. Assess the swollen cost of training the employees.
    D. Think about the possible effects on their employees.

54. 在实施新的IT计划之前，企业领导者应该做些什么？
A.考虑客户的各种期望。
B.拟定一份承诺提高效率的清单。
C.评估培训员工的膨胀成本。
D.考虑对员工的可能影响。

54.【定位】由题干中的implementing new IT initiatives定位到第三段最后一句。
D

【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，当业务领导在实施信息技术计划时很少考虑这些更改将如何影响终端用户时，就会发生这种情况。结合本段倒数第二句可知，这种情况指的是一旦信息技术改造项目出问题，会导致满满的期望破灭，一长串承诺提高效率的方法被推翻。因此，业务领导在实施信息技术计划时，应考虑对员工可能产生的影响，故答案为 D。

【避错】文章第三段主要讲了信息技术对员工造成的影响，并非针对公司客户，故排除 A。文章第三段倒数第二句提到，一旦信息技术改造项目出问题，就会导致满满的期望破灭，一长串承诺提高效率的办法被推翻，并非需要拟定要承诺的提高效率的办法清单，故排除 B。文章未提及需要评估培训员工的膨胀成本，故排除C。

2021-06-01-55.—细节辨认题—难—出现“rather than”前面内容是重点，“fit in with their employees’work适应员工的工作”替换为“suit their needs适合他们的需求”

55. How can a business help improve its employees’experience in using IT?【原文：Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’work, rather than adjust their work to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.】
    A. By designing systems that suit their needs.
    B. By ensuring that their mental health is sound.
    C. By adjusting their work to suit the IT system.
    D. By offering them regular in-service training.

55. 企业如何帮助员工改善使用IT的体验？
A.通过设计适合他们需求的系统。
B.确保他们的心理健康。
C.通过调整他们的工作来适应IT系统。
D.定期提供在职培训。

55.【定位】由题干中的 business,improve its employees’experience in using IT 定位到文章最后一段。

【精析】细节辨认题。文章最后一段指出，企业需要建立自己的信息技术基础设施，使其设计能够适应员工的工作，而不是让员工调整自己的工作以适应公司的信息技术系统，即企业应设计适合员工工作需求的系统，故答案为 A。

【避错】由文章第四段倒数第一句可知，信息技术工作者需要了解员工在使用信息技术时的心理体验，并非心理健康，由此可排除 B。文中提到企业需要建立自己的信息技术基础设施，使其设计能够适应员工的工作，而不是让员工调整自己的工作以适应公司的信息技术系统，故排除C。文中并未提及为员工提供定期的在职培训，故排除 D。

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

  铁观音(Tieguanyin)是中国最受欢迎的茶之一，原产于福建省安溪县西坪镇，如今安溪全县普遍种植，但该县不同地区生产的铁观音又各具风味。铁观音一年四季均可采摘，尤以春秋两季采摘的茶叶品质最佳。铁观音的加工非常复杂，需要专门的技术和丰富的经验。铁观音含有多种维生素，喝起来口感独特。常饮铁观音有助于预防心脏病、降低血压、增强记忆力。