ububtu20.04安装ROS

ububtu20.04安装ROS

今天在Ubuntu20.04系统中配置ROS的时候一直提示E：无法定位软件包,后来发现是ROS的版本不对应导致的，每个不同的ubuntu系统对应着不同的ROS版本，如果装错了就会出现上述问题，安装教程可以参考官网安装教程，ROS有Melodic、Lunar、Kinetic不同的种类对应着不同的ubuntu版本，
Melodic 主要对应：Ubuntu Artful (17.10), Bionic (18.04 LTS) 以及Debian Stretch
Kinetic 主要对应：Ubuntu Wily (15.10) and Ubuntu Xenial (16.04 LTS),
Noetic主要对应：Ubuntu focal（20.04）
在安装的过程中要根据自己的ubuntu系统版本选择对应的ROS类型进行安装，具体的ROS类型可以在官网分支类型介绍上查看。

安装步骤：

1、添加 sources.list（设置你的电脑可以从 packages.ros.org 接收软件.）

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'

2、添加 keys

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver 'hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80' --recv-key C1CF6E31E6BADE8868B172B4F42ED6FBAB17C654

3、更新安装源

首先，确保你的Debian软件包索引是最新的：

sudo apt update

4、安装桌面完整版 : 包含ROS、rqt、rviz、机器人通用库、2D/3D 模拟器、导航以及2D/3D感知

sudo apt install ros-noetic-desktop-full
sudo apt install python3-rosdep

5、修改hosts文件：

再打开一个终端。输入：

sudo gedit /etc/hosts

在hosts里面加入：

192.30.253.118 gist.github.com
185.199.110.153 github.io

151.101.113.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
52.216.227.168 github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com
52.74.223.119 github.com

199.232.28.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 user-images.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 avatars.githubusercontent.com
199.232.28.133 github.map.fastly.net
199.232.28.133 avatars7.githubusercontent.com
#Amazon AWS Start
54.239.31.69 aws.amazon.com
54.239.30.25 console.aws.amazon.com
54.239.96.90 ap-northeast-1.console.aws.amazon.com
54.240.226.81 ap-southeast-1.console.aws.amazon.com
54.240.193.125 ap-southeast-2.console.aws.amazon.com
54.239.54.102 eu-central-1.console.aws.amazon.com
177.72.244.194 sa-east-1.console.aws.amazon.com
176.32.114.59 eu-west-1.console.aws.amazon.com
54.239.31.128 us-west-1.console.aws.amazon.com
54.240.254.230 us-west-2.console.aws.amazon.com
54.239.38.102 s3-console-us-standard.console.aws.amazon.com
54.231.49.3 s3.amazonaws.com
52.219.0.4 s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com
54.231.242.170 s3-ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com
54.231.251.21 s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com
54.231.193.37 s3-eu-central-1.amazonaws.com
52.218.16.140 s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com
52.92.72.2 s3-sa-east-1.amazonaws.com
54.231.236.6 s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com
54.231.168.160 s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com
52.216.80.48 github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com
54.231.40.3 github-com.s3.amazonaws.com
52.216.20.171 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com
52.216.228.168 github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com

6、初始化

sudo rosdep init
rosdep update

7、设置环境变量

echo "source /opt/ros/noetic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

至此已经在Ubuntu20.04的系统中完整安装ROS Noetic。
链接: 在Ubuntu20.04中安装ROS Noetic.