Unity 代码实现 颜色空间 Color Space 转换

参考：Unity 颜色空间（Color Space）转换_Unity鼓励师的博客-CSDN博客

大多数情况下，我们的项目使用的是Linear 颜色空间，但是又希望UI的显示是在Gamma 颜色空间，因为Gamma 空间下的ui能够正常显示，Linear下的UI显示会有颜色偏差，主要原因在于两个颜色空间下的透明度混合公式不一致：

Linear Color Space

ret = (srcColor^2.2 * srcAlpha + dstColor^2.2 * (1 - srcAlpha) ) ^(1/2.2)
Gamma Color Space

ret = srcColor * srcAlpha + dstColor * (1 - srcAlpha)
 

下面的代码挂载在Camera上即可：

Linear 颜色空间：

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
 
public class UICameraLinearCorrect : MonoBehaviour
{
    private Material mat;
    private Material RenderMat
    {
        get
        {
            if (mat == null)
            {
                mat = Resources.Load<Material>("Materials/UILinearCorrectMat");
            }
            return mat;
        }
    }
 
    private void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture source, RenderTexture destination)
    {
        Graphics.Blit(source, destination, RenderMat);
    }
}

Shader "MyShader/UILinearCorrectShader"
{
    Properties
    {
        _MainTex("Main Tex", 2D) = "white"{}
    }
        SubShader
    {
        Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
        LOD 100
        //Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha
 
        Pass
        {
            Cull Off ZWrite Off ZTest Always
            CGPROGRAM
 
            #pragma vertex vert
            #pragma fragment frag
 
            sampler2D _MainTex;
 
            struct appdata
            {
                float4 vertex : POSITION;
                float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
            };
 
            struct v2f
            {
                float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
                float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
            };
 
 
            v2f vert(appdata v)
            {
                v2f o;
                o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                o.uv = v.uv;
                return o;
            }
 
            fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target
            {
                fixed4 color = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv);
                color = pow(color, 2.2);
                return color;
            }
            ENDCG
        }
    }
}

Gamma 颜色空间:

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
 
public class SceneCameraLinearCorrect : MonoBehaviour
{
    private Material mat;
    private Material RenderMat
    {
        get
        {
            if (mat == null)
            {
                mat = Resources.Load<Material>("Materials/SceneLinearCorrectMat");
            }
            return mat;
        }
    }
 
    private void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture source, RenderTexture destination)
    {
        Graphics.Blit(source, destination, RenderMat);
    }
}

Shader "MyShader/SceneLinearCorrectShader"
{
    Properties
    {
        _MainTex("Main Tex", 2D) = "white"{}
    }
        SubShader
    {
        Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
        LOD 100
        //Blend SrcAlpha OneMinusSrcAlpha
 
        Pass
        {
            // 制作后处理shader的时候要把这几个属性设置上
            Cull Off ZWrite Off ZTest Always
            CGPROGRAM
 
            #pragma vertex vert
            #pragma fragment frag
 
            sampler2D _MainTex;
 
            struct appdata
            {
                float4 vertex : POSITION;
                float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
            };
 
            struct v2f
            {
                float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
                float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
            };
 
 
            v2f vert(appdata v)
            {
                v2f o;
                o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                o.uv = v.uv;
                return o;
            }
 
            fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target
            {
                fixed4 color = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv);
                color = pow(color, 1.0 / 2.2);
                return color;
            }
            ENDCG
        }
    }
}