UnityShader——Phong光照模型 = Diffuse + Specular + Ambient

一.图形学颜色叠加乘法(各分量相乘)

 light(1, 1, 1) * stuff(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.5f) = (0.2f, 0.3f, 0.5f)

---

二.经验模型Phong

Phong = Ambient + Diffuse +Specular

1.Diffuse漫反射

Diffuse = dot ( -lightDir , N) * lightColor

这里点乘： dot( A , B) =|A| |B| Cos<A,B> ，所以夹角越小，diffuse越大；

Diffuse 兰伯特光照模型：

Shader "Unlit/Lambert"
{
	SubShader
	{
		Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
		LOD 100

		Pass
		{
			CGPROGRAM
			#pragma vertex vert
			#pragma fragment frag
			
			#include "UnityCG.cginc"
			#include "Lighting.cginc"

			struct appdata
			{
				float4 vertex : POSITION;
				float3 normal : NORMAL;
			};

			struct v2f
			{
				float3 worldNormal:TEXCOORD0;
				float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
			};

			v2f vert (appdata v)
			{
				v2f o;
				o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
				o.worldNormal = mul(v.normal, (float3x3)unity_WorldToObject);
				return o;
			}
			
			fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
			{
				//法线N
				fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
				//光源方向LightDir
				fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz);
				//diffuse分量计算
				fixed3 diffuse = max(0.0, dot(worldNormal, -worldLightDir));
				//叠加光源色 
				fixed3 diffuseColor = diffuse * _LightColor0.xyz;

				return fixed4(diffuseColor, 0);
			}
			ENDCG
		}
	}
}

2.Specular镜面反射

Specular = pow (max( 0 , dot(ReflectDir, ViewDir) ) , Glass) * lightColor;

反射方向用CG函数 reflect(L , N)计算；

ViewDir = normalize( _WorldSpaceCameraPos.xyz - i.worldPos); //i为v2f

加入Specular之后的Shader：

Shader "Unlit/Phong"
{
	Properties{
		_SpecularGlass("SpecularGlassStrength", Range(0,64))=32
	}
	SubShader
	{
		Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
		LOD 100

		Pass
		{
			CGPROGRAM
			#pragma vertex vert
			#pragma fragment frag
			
			#include "UnityCG.cginc"
			#include "Lighting.cginc"

			struct appdata
			{
				float4 vertex : POSITION;
				float3 normal : NORMAL;
			};

			struct v2f
			{
				float3 worldNormal:NORMAL;
				float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
				float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD1;
			};	
			
			v2f vert (appdata v)
			{
				v2f o;
				o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
				o.worldNormal = mul(v.normal, (float3x3)unity_WorldToObject);
				o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
				return o;
			}
			
			float _SpecularGlass;

			fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
			{
				fixed3 worldNormal = normalize(i.worldNormal);
				
				fixed3 worldLightDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz);

				fixed3 diffuse = max(0.0, dot(worldNormal, -worldLightDir));

				fixed3 diffuseColor = diffuse  * _LightColor0.xyz;

				//计算reflect方向
				fixed3 reflectDir = normalize(reflect(worldLightDir, worldNormal));
				//计算view方向
				fixed3 viewDir = normalize(_WorldSpaceCameraPos.xyz - i.worldPos);
				//specular分量
				fixed3 specular = pow(max(0.0, dot(reflectDir, viewDir)), _SpecularGlass);

				fixed3 specularColor = specular * _LightColor0.xyz;

				return fixed4(diffuseColor + specularColor, 0);
			}
			ENDCG
		}
	}
}

3.Ambient环境光

环境光之间获取 乘上叠加物体颜色；

			//环境光
			fixed3 ambient = UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.xyz * _ObjColor;

给一个Obj颜色之后：