1. Half adder 半加法器
module top_module(
input a, b,
output cout, sum );
// 方法一: 采用加法
// assign {cout , sum} = a + b ;
// 方法二: 采用逻辑门
assign cout=a&b;
assign sum=a^b;
endmodule
2. 全加法器
module top_module(
input a, b, cin,
output cout, sum );
assign { cout , sum } = a + b + cin ;
endmodule
3. 3-bit binary adder 三位二进制加法器
module top_module(
input [2:0] a, b,
input cin,
output [2:0] cout,
output [2:0] sum );
//方法一 : 分步实现 加法器 的每一位
assign { cout[0] , sum[0]} = a[0] + b[0] + cin;
assign { cout[1] , sum[1]} = a[1] + b[1] + cout[0];
assign { cout[2] , sum[2]} = a[2] + b[2] + cout[1];
endmodule
module top_module(
input [2:0] a, b,
input cin,
output [2:0] cout,
output [2:0] sum );
// 方法二 : 每一步 都用 一位加法器 实例来完成
addr addr_0(.a(a[0]),.b(b[0]),.cin(cin),.cout(cout[0]),.sum(sum[0])) ;
addr addr_1(.a(a[1]),.b(b[1]),.cin(cout[0]),.cout(cout[1]),.sum(sum[1])) ;
addr addr_2(.a(a[2]),.b(b[2]),.cin(cout[1]),.cout(cout[2]),.sum(sum[2])) ;
endmodule
// 创建 一位二进制加法器 模块
module addr(
input a,b,cin,
output cout,sum);
assign { cout , sum } = a + b + cin ;
endmodule
4. Adder
module top_module (
input [3:0] x,
input [3:0] y,
output [4:0] sum
);
//隐藏内部所有进位, 是个比较简单的加法器,不要复杂化
// This circuit is a 4-bit ripple-carry adder with carry-out.
assign sum = x+y; // Verilog addition automatically produces the carry-out bit.
// Verilog quirk: Even though the value of (x+y) includes the carry-out, (x+y) is still considered to be a 4-bit number (The max width of the two operands).
// This is correct:
// assign sum = (x+y);
// But this is incorrect:
// assign sum = {x+y}; // Concatenation operator: This discards the carry-out
endmodule
5. Signed addition overflow
module top_module (
input [7:0] a,
input [7:0] b,
output [7:0] s,
output overflow
); //
assign s = a + b ;
assign overflow = (~a[7]&~b[7]&s[7]) || (a[7]&b[7]&~s[7]) ;
// ~a[7]&~b[7]&s[7]) 正数相加补码是否溢出
// (a[7]&b[7]&~s[7]) 负数相加补码是否溢出
endmodule
用二进制表示数字,首位为符号位,0表示正数,1表示负数。
正数的原码、补码、反码一致。
负数的原码,首位为符号位1,其余位表示大小。
负数的反码,首位为符号位1,其余位为原码取反。
负数的补码,首位为负号位1,其余位为反码+1;
5. 100-bit binary adder
module top_module (
input [99:0] a,
input [99:0] b,
input cin,
output cout,
output [99:0] sum
);
// The concatenation {cout, sum} is a 101-bit vector.
assign {cout, sum} = a+b+cin;
endmodule
6. 4-digit BCD adder
module top_module (
input [15:0] a, b,
input cin,
output cout,
output [15:0] sum );
wire w1,w2,w3;
bcd_fadd di(a[3:0],b[3:0],cin,w1,sum[3:0]);
bcd_fadd d2(a[7:4],b[7:4],w1,w2,sum[7:4]);
bcd_fadd d3(a[11:8],b[11:8],w2,w3,sum[11:8]);
bcd_fadd d4(a[15:12],b[15:12],w3,cout,sum[15:12]);
endmodule