1. 3=1+21+31+4…−−−√−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√
证明就是反复利用平方差公式:
n=1+(n−1)⋅(n+1)−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√
2. 推广到实数域
f(x)=1+x1+(x+1)1+(x+2)1+...−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−⎷
记: fn(x)=1+x1+(x+1)1+(x+2)1+⋯+(x+n−1)1+x+n−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−⎷ ,显然 fn(x) 是关于 n 单调递增的,又:
显然 x+1>fn(x) , fn(x)>1+x1+x1+…−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−√−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−√=x+x2+4√2>x 证明见 奇妙的等式 && 精妙的证明(二);
x<f(x)≤x+1