相分离文章专刊 mTOR 信号调控相分离 mTOR Regulates Phase Separation of PGL Granules to Modulate Their Autophagic

mTOR 信号调控PGL的相分离来调控其自噬过程

mTOR Regulates Phase Separation of PGL Granules to Modulate Their Autophagic 

 

 

摘要导读

在秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎发育的过程中,mTOR信号调控PGL颗粒的来调控它们的自噬降解和在热激下适应性。

 

聚焦

1.受体蛋白SEPA-1促进PGL-1颗粒的液液相分离

2.EPG2骨架蛋白 决定PGL-1颗粒的胶状尺寸的大小

3.mTOR介导的磷酸化促进PGL-1颗粒的液液相分离过程

4.PGL颗粒使得胚胎对热激的抗性。

总述

相分离结构的装配,在疾病和发育过程中具有重要的作用,但是在生理调节下的调控功能还知之甚少,作者表明在秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎发育的过程中,由液液相分离调控形成的PGL颗粒以及 它的尺寸,和生物物理性质决定了它们对自噬降解的易感性。受体SEPA-1促进PFL-1/3的液液相分离,而骨架蛋白EPG-2控制PGL-1/3的尺寸,并且将它们转变成动态胶状的结构。在热激的条件下,mTOR介导PGL-1/3的磷酸化增强,PGL-1/3加速相分离的形成从而抵抗自噬降解。重要的是,PGL颗粒的积累是一种适应性反应,可在热应激期间维持胚胎的活力。作者发现,mTORC1介导的PGL-1 / 3的LLPS充当开关状应力传感器,将相分离耦合至自噬降解并适应发育过程中的应力。

 

背景 叙述

 

在产生种系卵裂球的不对称细胞分裂过程中,分配到姐妹体细胞卵裂球中的P颗粒成分被去除(Yang和Zhang,2014)。在P颗粒成分中,PGL-1和PGL-3通过自噬选择性地降解(Zhang等人,2009),该过程涉及将底物隔离在双膜自噬体中,然后将其递送至溶酶体中进行降解(Feng等人,2014年)。 PGL-1和PGL-3在自噬突变体胚的体细胞中积聚成许多颗粒,称为PGL颗粒(Zhang等,2009)。在选择性货物的自噬降解中,选择性是由同时结合货物和自噬蛋白Atg8的受体蛋白赋予的(Stolz等,2014)。自寡聚蛋白SEPA-1充当PGL颗粒降解和形成的受体(Zhang等,2009)。在sepa-1突变体中,PGL-1 / -3蛋白在体细胞中扩散定位,无法被去

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