Theorem
A subset of a zero(0) Lebesgue measure is Lebesgue measurable.
proof
We will use the Carathéodory’s criterion to prove this statement.
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Let m ( E ) = 0 m(E)=0 m(E)=0, where m m m is the Lebesgue measure.
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Let A A A be any set, and B ⊂ E B\subset E B⊂E. Thus
m ∗ ( A ) ⩽ m ∗ ( A ∩ B ) + m ∗ ( A ∩ B C ) m^{*}(A)\leqslant m^{*}(A\cap B)+m^{*}(A\cap B^C) m∗(A)⩽m∗(A∩B)+m∗(A∩BC)
where m ∗ m^{*} m∗ is the Lebesgue outer measure (Lebesgue outer measure is countably subadditive.)
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Since the Lebesgue outer measure is monotone, we have
0 ⩽ m ∗ ( A ∩ B ) ⩽ m ∗ ( B ) ⩽ m ∗ ( E ) = 0 0\leqslant m^{*}(A\cap B)\leqslant m^{*}(B)\leqslant m^{*}(E)=0 0⩽m∗(A∩B)⩽m∗(B)⩽m∗(E)=0
Hence, we have
m ∗ ( A ) ⩽ m ∗ ( A ∩ B C ) m^{*}(A)\leqslant m^{*}(A\cap B^C) m∗(A)⩽m∗(A∩BC)
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Since A ∩ B C ⊂ A A\cap B^C\subset A A∩BC⊂A, we have
m ∗ ( A ∩ B C ) ⩽ m ∗ ( A ) m^{*}(A\cap B^C)\leqslant m^{*}(A) m∗(A∩BC)⩽m∗(A)
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By 3 and 4, we have
m ∗ ( A ) = m ∗ ( A ∩ B ) + m ∗ ( A ∩ B C ) m^{*}(A)= m^{*}(A\cap B)+m^{*}(A\cap B^C) m∗(A)=m∗(A∩B)+m∗(A∩BC).
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By the Carathéodory’s criterion, we have proved that B B B is Lebesgue measurable.
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0 ⩽ m ( B ) ⩽ m ( E ) = 0 → m ( B ) = 0 0\leqslant m(B)\leqslant m(E)=0\rightarrow m(B)=0 0⩽m(B)⩽m(E)=0→m(B)=0
::END::