Absolute Rotary Encoders
Absolute rotary encoders are capable of providing unique position values from the moment they are switched on. This is accomplished by scanning the position of a coded element. All positions in these systems correspond to a unique code. Even movements that occur while the system is without power are translated into accurate position values once the encoder is powered up again.
使用绝对编码器,编码器每一个位置都对应一个固定不变的二进制数。
Incremental Rotary Encoders
Incremental encoders generate an output signal each time the shaft rotates a certain amount. (The number of signals per turn defines the resolution of the device.) Each time the encoder is powered on it begins counting from zero, regardless of where the shaft is. Initial homing to a reference point is therefore inevitable in all positioning tasks, both upon start up of the control system and whenever power to the encoder has been interrupted.
增量式编码器是将位移转换成周期性的电信号,再把这个电信号转变成计数脉冲,用脉冲的个数表示位移的大小。
附:增量编码器的Z信号
没有Z信号一样可以测出转速和旋转角度。
Z零位信号,可以作为一个起始位,当每周旋转到固定位置时就会有一脉冲信号,告诉你又经过了这个特殊位置。可以作为设备特殊位置的一种标记使用。也可以作为连续旋转很多周以后的重新计数的起始位使用。
之前自己只用过AB相的增量式编码器QAQ
AB信号只有基本的脉冲,能用于转速和转向计算,但是因为没有一个绝对的参考点,计算中可能存在累积误差。ABZ信号中的“AB”和上面的普通AB没有任何区别,只不过电机转子每转一圈,可以额外给出一个Z脉冲信号,可以用于消除累积误差时使用。
参考:ABSOLUTE VS INCREMENTAL ROTARY ENCODERS
绝对编码器和增量型编码器有何不同? (中文可以看这篇,也比较清楚)