when i read the global illumination chapter in unity official website.
you can find this chapter by search the key words Global Illumination in unity manual. i think this is a quick way.
oh, let me extract some important segment when i read this chapter.
1/ GI this word we hear often, but the full name is global illumination.
2/ GI is what?
GI is used to cope all light effect in the scene. the first word global is all meaning. the second word illumination is turn on the light. but can easily to do with light hit the surface of the objects. but then what to do with the bounced light on the object. this bounced light can also affect other objects as well.
this is what the GI to do. this is also known as indirect light effect.
3/ can the GI be used in unity. yes! but the performance of calculation is expensive.
let me introduce two ways of unity to deal with light.
3.1/ baked GI.
this method can only be used in static objects. we can calculate the indirect light effect for static object ahead of time. the baked result is we known as Baked Light Maps.
3.2 realtime GI.
it do the same as the baked GI. it also need calculate the indirect light effect ahead of time. but but, it calculate all possible bounces and store these information for future use at runtime.