Unity基础之单例：单例脚本、单例模板

目录

1.单件脚本，需提前挂载到场景内

2.自动挂载，跨场景不销毁（尽量不要挂载多个）

3.单例模板类，泛型单例

4.测试

---

1.单件脚本，需提前挂载到场景内

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class SingletonA : MonoBehaviour {
    //第一种单例：单件脚本
    public static SingletonA Instance{get;private set;}
    void Awake()
    {
        Instance = this;
    }
    public  void Test()
    {
        print("SingletonA");    
    }
}

2.自动挂载，跨场景不销毁（尽量不要挂载多个）

using UnityEngine;
/// <summary>
/// singleton 不需要手动拖拽给游戏物体
/// </summary>
public class SingletonB : MonoBehaviour
{
    private static SingletonB instance;
    public static SingletonB Instance
    {
        get
        {
            if (instance == null)
            {
                SingletonB[] sts = FindObjectsOfType<SingletonB>();
                if (sts.Length > 0)
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < sts.Length; i++)
                    {
                        Debug.LogWarning(sts[i].gameObject.name + " is already Added SingletonB");
                        Destroy(sts[i]);
                    }
                }
                GameObject obj = new GameObject("B");
                instance = obj.AddComponent<SingletonB>();
                DontDestroyOnLoad(obj);//跨场景不销毁游戏物体
            }
            return instance;
        }
    }
    public void Test()
    {
        print("SingletonB");
    }
}

3.单例模板类，泛型单例

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
/// <summary>
/// 单例模板类
/// </summary>
public class Singleton<T> : MonoBehaviour where T : MonoBehaviour
{
    private static T instance;
    public static T Instance
    {
        get
        {
            if (instance == null)
            {
                GameObject obj = new GameObject();
                obj.name = typeof(T).Name + "<Singleton>";
                instance = obj.AddComponent<T>();
                DontDestroyOnLoad(obj);
            }

            return instance;
        }
    }
}

使用方法，例如音乐管理类

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

[RequireComponent(typeof(AudioSource))]//如果没有组件添加组件
public class MusicManager : Singleton<MusicManager>
{
    private AudioSource _audio;//音乐播放器
    private AudioClip music;//背景音乐
    private bool isInitialized;//表示是否初始化
    void Init()
    {
        _audio = GetComponent<AudioSource>();
        music = Resources.Load("bg") as AudioClip;
        _audio.clip = music;
        isInitialized = true;
    }
    public void Play()
    {
        if (!isInitialized)
        {
            Init();
        }
        _audio.Play();
    }
}

4.测试

A需要提前挂载，B和音乐管理类自动生成

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Test : MonoBehaviour {

	void Start () {
        SingletonA.Instance.Test();
        SingletonB.Instance.Test();

        MusicManager.Instance.Play();
	}
}